 Gummy metals are often soft things like copper, aluminum, iron and alloys of these materials that have low impurity content. Cutting than soft metals is actually more difficult than cutting a metal that's been hardened. What we're exploring here are some unique ways to take advantage of something that we call the mechanochemical effect in cutting or in deforming soft metals by applying certain media to the surfaces of these soft metals we're able to create a condition where the metals behave as if they've been hardened. The right kind of material and media which seems to be characterized by good sticking to the surface either physical sticking or by a chemical reaction those media seem to have the best effect in terms of force reductions improved cut surfaces, machine surfaces and so on and there is a whole host of media that work they're very commonplace. When we started applying the various media we found that we could broadly classify this media into three different groups. The first group they work across all metal systems that we tested all of them showed a force drop of around 50%. The second class they were very material specific they would work only with a specific metal and they wouldn't work with another metals and the third group they did not work with any metal whatsoever. Slowly we began to discover that it's not any particular chemical that is making a difference but it's the nature of these agents to stick to the metal surface. And so what this does is it reduces the strain required for the cutting process and as a direct result of that the energy dissipation that occurs during cutting is reduced. This understanding came about mainly because of our ability to image the material flow process in situ that is while the cutting is going on while the deformation is going on and we can do this at high spatial resolution and of course we can also do it at high time resolution because we are doing high-speed imaging now. What we want to see is this work move from the lab to the commercial application and the excitement for the manufacturer is they can finally do something in a way that makes their processes more stable and ultimately reduces cost.