 CRISPR offers the ability to make a more precise change to genome. Scientists start to think about the issues of legal, ethic, and social implications of this technology. Those kinds of practices we have seen before in the 1970s, recombination DNA technology made some scientists feel the necessity to regulate the technology. Out of concern of the technology might be misused for unintended undesirable or even unsafe purposes. Chinese scientists are pioneers in the using of CRISPR to humans. In April 2015, a group of scientists at Sun Yuesan University in Guangzhou published a paper reporting the findings of using CRISPR to alter the DNA of non-viable embryos. These scientists actually collected 86 defected human embryos and managed to have these 71 actually can be used for their experiments. Unfortunately, only a very small percentage of those kind of human embryos successfully being edited. In the process, scientists also find the procedure sometimes went off-target by inserting the new gene in the wrong places so as to lead to new diseases instead of curing an old one. The leading scientist of the research, Wang Qinqiu said, if we really want to do those sort of thing in normal embryos, you need to be close to 100%. This explains why they stopped their research. These scientists also defended their research by indicating that research had been working on human embryos which would not grow in China's community of medical ethics. Also, I think this kind of research is acceptable ethically because it is not aimed for the purpose of reproduction. In another research which will have the potential to revolutionize the war on HIV AIDS, Chinese scientists also used the same technology to try to change the mutation in the embryo. These scientists used CRISPR to replace the CCR5 gene, 26 embryos with an HIV-resistant mutation, but only four embryos were successfully edited with the other 27 failing to produce desired results. Again, these leading scientists of the research also indicate that his research has gone through ethical review at his university, although currently China does not have a government agency which accepts and evaluates the applications of this kind of research. In light of all these developments and some others, in December 2015, an international summit on human gene editing took place in Washington, D.C., where members of the National Academies of America, Britain, and China representative of more than 20 countries discussed the ethics of gene editing. Scientists agreed on having some sort of global bam, at least temporary, before they can discuss all the implications of those kinds of research before the government and the scientific community reached some sort of consensus. So she was on the organization body of the International Summit. He said basically the gene editing research and application in China are still primarily very primitive and chaotic. Although China has narrowed the gap with development in terms of life science research, but the laws and regulations governing scientific research in gene editing and application still need some improvement. Gene editing repairs gene defects, prevents genetic diseases, and improve economic characteristics of various kind of organisms. But the scientific community also concerned about the importance of responsible research and innovation. In this particular regard, which requires the scientific community scientists to take into consideration the ethical, legal, and social implications of the technology, as well as also requires engaging a large body of stakeholders to meet the common goals of not only the scientists, but also the other various kind of stakeholders. Thank you very much. Thank you.