 The study presents a method for large area wound regeneration using biodegradable aligned extracellular matrix scaffolds, which accelerates wound coverage and enhances hair follicle neogenesis. The authors use multimodal analysis, including single cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics, to explore the immune responses around biomaterials and find that immunodeficient mice lacking mature T lymphocytes show tissue fibrosis driven by type 2 macrophage inflammation. These findings contribute to our understanding of the coordination of immune systems in wound regeneration and facilitate the design of immunoregulatory biomaterials in the future. This article was authored by Yang Yang, Chen Yuchu, Li Liu, and others.