 Good afternoon. Good evening. Colleagues, friends, fellow from the world. This is Ghazi in the Adulhakh from Friendship Bangladesh, welcoming you for the session number six and taking a climate justice approach to locally led adaptation. And, you know, we are aware that the out of eight principles of locally led adaptation principle two of the local adaptation advocates for addressing the structural inequalities faced by women youth disabled displaced indigenous people and marginalized groups. The climate crisis disproportionately impacts those social groups and further affects their rights to live in a healthy and secure environment, including their rights to health to food to clean water to education to development to cultural heritage, etc. Today's session roundtable discussion breakout groups will share the experiences from different parts of the world. At the same time, ideas how really we can take this challenge forward to address those inequalities. And we also learn about how human rights perspective can be reflected here. So, let me welcome all the participants. Speakers, panelists, and hope you will be part of the breakout sessions and contribute to your points to make this issue very vibrant. Let me take you the logistics and and also very quickly. This is a section and then you know the IED is recording the meeting and may make parts of it available on IED website at a later date. We have taken security precaution to discourage in uninvited participant from joining the meeting and posting in appropriate comments or other contents. Please if you find someone, please report us use chat box for the best experience of this meeting please close all non essential applications on your device particularly messaging apps such as Skype or Teams. You all are familiar. Initially, your microphone will be muted by the host during the breakout session later in the meeting you will be able to unmute your mic by clicking on the icon. 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And finally, the taking a climate justice approach to locally led adaptation session objectives, examine how structural inequalities and root vulnerabilities adversely impact communities most affected by climate change, and the present some best practices in addressing climate justice in local vulnerable communities. These two objectives that we welcome Rona Khan, founder and executive director of friendship to open the session. Miss Rona Khan. Thank you very much I'm that. And thank you very much. I'm so happy to be here. And welcome to her Royal Highness, Mr. Desmeralda Belgium, distinguished guests and my fellow respected colleagues. So today we are here in with the with the subject I think which is very close to all our hearts. It's a subject of inequality, inequality. Both. It's a, it's a subject which we all know. Somehow, like, for example, the climate impact is those who are not those were responsible for the climate impacts for the for the climate disasters today is impacting the maximum in the same way. The women and the children, the youth, the disabled, you know, displaced are the displaced people who are the frontliners of bearing the brunt when disaster strikes. And it is this understanding and working with these communities over the past 20 years that we have come to realize that if we just lent them a hand. They are such enablers of taking care of their own lives. If we just ensure that they have a platform and not quicksand on which to stand. They can rise and be the voice of a community of the whole nation. And it is with this belief that step by step, we need to ensure that no one is left behind, because somehow it is always the vulnerable, the women. And that's injustice of this, they are left behind those who cannot walk those who are that is men and women of course all those who are not in the mainstream of of of our of our view. They are not always in our vision, you know, when we are seeing what is happening that they are the ones who need to be addressed the most address so that they can be pulled out and pulled up to become part of the mainstream and climate change. This. It is so unfortunate that the understanding of the of the adaptability of these of, I'm sorry about the noise that's coming. Climate change the understanding of climate change, these people they don't understand it. They feel it every single day when it's happening to them. And we in friendship to ensure justice for them is has been one of the, what was one of the reasons why I started this organization 20 years ago. It is to ensure that they get hope, they get dignity in their lives, and they have equal opportunity to be able to jump start on this, their life again. And I totally know that with the input whatever input in whatever capacity we are in working in solidarity, if we have this one vision of ensuring that they stand on this platform with equity, ensuring equity, that it would help, not only the climate victims, the women, but all those who are left behind, because we can then set a trail of example, which can be followed for the future. I wholeheartedly believe that today's session we have incredible guests, we have people of great experience who will share with us, and there will be so much learning. And I hope together in solidarity we can step forward. Thank you very much. Thank you, Runa Khan founder and executive director of friendship. And once again, please if you need interpretation, and then you find the button for interpretation and select English. And then that would help for proper listening. And again, welcome you all. And now taking you for presentation and happy to have your royal highness, Mrs. Melda. And thanks for joining with us and now Aisha Khan, Aisha Tahsin Khan from friendship Bangladesh will share her presentation. I mean, a talk followed by a video best practices in addressing climate justice in local vulnerable communities of Bangladesh. Hello everyone. Thank you for your invite. Bangladesh is amongst the most vulnerable and most affected country in the world. It's affected by climate change. Therefore, this country really becomes a perfect case study for those who are better trying to understand how climate change impacts vulnerable countries. Whether it be extreme drought, as it takes place in Bangladesh, or an over in abundance of water flow coming down from the north and the west of the country. We're now facing really the brunt in the catastrophe of this climate change at a very, very fast rate. In these circumstances, we need to be innovative using locally led climate based adaptation methods to best serve the local communities. Social injustice is a cruel outcome of climate led displacement. It is under these landscape that we work islands that are constantly shifting. This phenomenon of alluvial and deluvial islands makes internal migration their way of life. These communities are not even able to apply for birth registration, nor for their national identity cards, or sign up to register to vote. Due to difficulties of the terrain, we're going to the mainland cost them a day's wage. By locally led adaptation practices, we have been able to deliver access to government services, along with enable access to justice, whether it's climate justice, whether it's justice of people of the human rights nature. In these island communities, we have been able to train community paralegals who are able to bridge the gap between the service list and voiceless to delivering citizenship services to them at the doorstep. The interaction between government and citizens has improved, and the community is now able to access government safety nets by using or visiting these paralegals. All assistance for these government services or legal services is now delivered to the citizens doorstep. And this is all by using the locally led adaptation process. Further various tools and systems have been put in place where informal justice and resolutions are provided by working with the local civil society, elders of the community, local government bodies and institutes. We now have a functioning system that is not only locally led and adapted, but very replicable by any country in the world. Further, I'd like to mention, not only are we working with the marginalized people, but from within those marginalized, we have further marginalized groups who are those persons with disabilities. There too, by using local people and local community and the local community, we have been able to put in place steps to assist these persons with disability by providing accessibility to help freedom of expression. Good practice and further by income generation activities, living standards for the persons with difficult persons with disabilities, by empowering their communities. The persons that they have and their family to use the access to justice system, we have that we have placed on the ground so that they are not excluded of any rights and included into society by creating a supportive environment. I leave it here by saying that locally led adaptation in this case, the delivery again of the government service, so safety net services, the use of legal aid, legal case handling by lawyers, informal justice delivery, basically all in all justice and inclusive citizenship is now possible by locally led adaptive or community based adaptive methods. Thank you. Situated in the heart of the river islands, the streams look like snakes crisscrossing the landscape from above. One of the world's largest rivers, the Joana gives rise to sedimentary deltas called chores and also erodes them on a regular basis. Chores in the Joana survive roughly three years before succumbing to erosion. The lives of Chore residents are subject to frequent formation and destruction of these islands. Both along the Joana river, as well as the Brahmaputra, Dhorola, Dutkumar and Tista. Most chores in the north are under the jurisdiction of Gaibhanda and Kurigram districts. Though aside from being citizens of Bangladesh, the residents of more than 300 chores are deprived of their basic rights and have no access to the essential infrastructure, goods and services due to the isolation and impermanence of these islands. Although there being government schools and healthcare facilities, health workers, teachers and other authorities are often unable to perform their duties due to the difficult commute. Detached from the mainland, illiteracy, child marriage, dowry and other social anomalies are often caused by the isolation of the residents. The residents of the village are also deprived of their basic rights and services due to the isolation of the residents of the village. Patrol workers, teachers and other authorities are often unable to perform their duties due to the difficult commute. Detached from the mainland, illiteracy, child marriage, dowry and other social anomalies are rampant. Well before they left home, what's the relief from the pandemic? As we As we told theيعion with the people visiting our homes, we work at any costs. We were told, is the rural people planned to Particularly in our village if they saw the economic crisis. However, chore residents are now eager to get rid of such social anomalies. I don't know anything about the legal side of the government. It could have been an absolutely special role model because we have had such an impact. Chore is a kind of special phenomenon that is strictly related to the chore. We can't see such phenomena in mainland China. Chore is marginalized because of the challenges faced by the mainland. We feel that they are doing too much of a tailor-made work. We have to come up with innovative ideas for a tailor-made work. For example, if we don't have a chore, then we have to do it ourselves. Let's go with that? Great. Thank you so much. Ayesha Tarasinkhan for the great presentation, Senior Director of Friendship Bangladesh. And now I would request please raise your question, comments, share ideas, any experiences using chat box, our colleagues are here, and they will respond immediately, or we'll connect you. And now I will hand over the session to Hillary hit climate justice resilience fund. Thank you, Kazi. Um, my name is Hillary heat. I'm the program associate for the climate justice resilience fund. I am based in Washington, DC, and I'm happy to be joined by two wonderful panelists. I'm Adrian and Milan, could you turn on your videos please and join me. If I could have story tile or Jackie spotlight Adrian and Madeline please. Hi, I'm here. Hi, Madeline is bear with us as we work out the tech issues. Okay. Hi, Adrian. Hi, Madeline. So we have about 30 minutes for this conversation and we prepared some questions. And why don't we start with Madeline, Madeline, could you please introduce yourself and give us a brief introduction to the inequalities you see in your work. Hello everyone, my name is Madeline in energy. I'm from the Gambia. I walk at your collapse banjo, an innovation hub with because an ICT for development and education, and now also wearing to climate change. I'm the business development manager and I'm also an SDG and climate change advocate. Over the couple of years we've realized in Gambia the digital divide that is affecting the rural communities with with the inequalities that we've so far observed in regards to the digital divide and knowing that a lot of young people and women in rural Gambia do not have access to digital skills. Realize in this we decided to come up with digital inclusion and advocacy trainings to empower these women using digital skills, especially women farmers in rural Gambia focusing on the four rural regions in the rural Gambia, the west, the lower river region, not bank region, central river region and the upper river region, where we offer digital literacy trainings to these women in order to empower them to use WhatsApp for business and Facebook to market their products. Also, we realize that most of the young people in rural Gambia that have access to entrepreneurship skills that can empower them to take up initiatives in their communities. With this in mind, we launched the coding mapping and climate change project focusing on young people in rural Gambia using open street maps to teach them how to map out geospatial sites in their communities that could empower and create visibility in rural communities. With this in mind we have created a lot of opportunities with young people, and now in climate change we have partnered with organizations like the Great Institute to map out the saline water institution that is currently happening and affecting most of the farmers in rural Gambia, especially those in the not bank area, the upper river region and the central river region, which used to be a heaven where rice production was mostly implemented, but now because of the salt water institution, most of the farmers are affected, leading to migration happening in the not bank, where people in the not bank are moving to the west coast region in search of better family areas. So in the Gambia, we noticed in taking into account all these things that are happening, we realized that using a digital approach to innovation, we could empower young people and women who are at the forefront of implementing the type of Gambia that we went, especially in the work they do as farmers in the center friendship, realizing that 91% of the poor people in the Gambia are farmers and realizing that 75% of the women in this sector are also farmers. Thank you. Thank you, Madeline. Adrian, could you also please briefly introduce yourself and give us an introduction to the inequalities you see in your work. Thank you, Hillary. Thanks, everyone for having me here. I'm Adrian Banila Simbang. I'm from Sabah, Malaysia. I'm from the ethnic indigenous group in Borneo. I'm actually working for an organization called Tonibu. It is an indigenous led organization. We are also a social enterprise, basically providing trainings for local youths, especially for our community on renewable energy. So I have seen many of inequalities among the communities in Borneo, particularly that we can see that there's still a lot of energy poverty. In terms of gap that large numbers of communities, especially in the remote areas, have no access to electricity. And nowadays, electricity is also one of the most basic requirement or necessity for life. We have done several studies and we have identified at least 400 over village that is just within my province of Sabah that is unauthorified. And we have seen how this lack of access to electricity have impoverished communities. And we're talking about, you know, the digital divide that is ever widening because of the lack of infrastructure. And we haven't seen that, you know, without electricity, there is also a lot of miss opportunity for indigenous communities in terms of education, you know, e-commerce and whatever is coming up. So basically that's in a nutshell what we are doing. Our organization runs a center called CREATE, Center for Renewable Energy and Appropriate Technologies that is conducting renewable energy R&D and also training for our local youths. Thank you, Adrienne. It's apt that the two of you have both mentioned the digital divide today. We did have a third panelist and because of rains and winds and the Amazon, they are unable to connect to our call today. So we do have a prerecorded message from our third panelist who is Casico Angajo, who is a village elder or village chief in Brazil. So I'm going to go ahead and play the video. Casico Angajo, when I had an answer to all three questions that the panelist would discuss in this video. If you do not speak Portuguese, please turn on your interpretation for English, and we do have an interpreter who will interpret the video. This community is being built within an area of LPPM, where a city that discriminates against us for being a female caste, will be in front of the fight, so we face several obstacles. We have a very large environmental degradation here due to the part of the farmers. We are in a situation of struggle against the climatic situation in the region, fighting to be able to survive and to dominate all areas of LPPM, preserved areas that we have around the two cities that compose our community, which is Brumadinho and São Jaque de Bico. The other situation that we have in the context of being a female caste and being a female is that we indigenous women who are there fighting for the climate situation and arriving at the castles of the caste, often we are not seen and not even noticed. We have gone through several racial discrimination, mainly because we do not have the characteristics of the parents of the Amazon. We indigenous women who come from the context of the Nordeste, because we are indigenous women, we have gone through great preconceptions. Many times we cannot compete in the funds that are within the context of the zone that contemplates the Amazon, and we have been asked by SOCOGO, my community today, we are winning this preconception, making events, inviting the city and metropolitan regions to participate, to see our artisans, to see how we live and to see what loses and follow our work. Where I'm talking to you now, I'm talking inside our classroom and it was founded by us, where we managed to find the first language school in the context of the metropolitan region where we are. We ask you to come and see the reality of the communities that are without being in the Amazon, that are in the Nordeste, that are in the south and that are in the west, in the Brazilian state, that are suffering from this climate situation. And the way that we are facing the climate situation within our territories is that we are doing the rescue of the innocent, we are doing the forestry of an area that is being devastated by these guerrillas. We have the support of you, the supporters have embraced this cause. So we ask SOCOGO and ask you to come and see the reality of our community. Sorry, I am dialing in and cannot hear the interpretation so I didn't want to cut our interpreter off. Thank you to Casica and Gaho for taking the time to record that message and to Ali Headman for translating it into English. Adrian, why don't we start with you for our second question. Can you tell us a bit more how your organization is working to address the inequalities you're seeing in the context you mentioned? Yeah, for us in Tony Boom we use the, or we base our work on the SDGs, the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, and particularly we are looking at goal number seven, which is providing clean and affordable energy. And we have been trying to work towards making renewable energy to be affordable and not just affordable but it is accessible to indigenous communities because a lot of these technologies are also in the hands of big corporations, big companies. And what we are trying to do is to look at indigenous technologies that is developed by our own organization. And we also work towards, you know, like-minded organization around the region through an open source knowledge sharing so that we can make sure that our local communities can also, you know, have access to these technologies. For example, like the micro hydro mini grid systems that we have been building with the communities, and we have been using these micro hydro systems to incentivize, you know, communities to protect watershed areas. And this community watershed is very important because without the conservation of the forest. There is no sustained flow of river that runs to operate our micro hydro systems. So this is like basically, you know, providing the community what is the need, for example, electricity but in the same time incentivize conservation of nature using traditional knowledge and wisdoms. To the available energy, we also work towards empowering women, especially in socioeconomic development because now we have 24 hour electricity, but we don't want to stop just by providing lights. We also want to see productive and use of energy. And we have been working towards designing or participatory design of programs together with communities and the women and also youths in the community to design what are the productive and use systems or programs that they have. They need so a lot of it also involves, you know, providing the skills and also the opportunity to process agriculture products, make it have longer life shelf have higher value. And nowadays with online during COVID pandemic, the on shopping or online marketing have been really an important part of how we can bring our indigenous products to the world. And we have been trying to build the capacity of our different communities to market some of those products that is processed from the village through intermediary organization like us to market this to the world. In the nutshell, we are trying to look at different ways approach in terms of empowering the community, not just by providing, you know, the energy, the technology but also providing them the space to develop together. And, you know, we are just providing them the technical know how, but the driving seat basically is the community who is designing the program for themselves so that that's our approaches. That's why we call our project community based model and we are really looking at how this can encourage more community self help. I might say self help programs in order for us to be more resilient in facing the different threats of climate change, economic, you know, recession and so on. So that's how we're doing it, basically in some Thank you Adrian for those various interventions that you've explained. Madeleine, can you respond to the same question how are how is your organization working to address the inequalities you're seeing in your context. In Jocalapse Banjo, we are trying to address the inequalities observed by promoting digital inclusion. Currently, we have the youth and digital inclusion program going on for youth in rural Gambia, where we're focusing on privacy, data security and access by ensuring that we are providing young people with the digital literacy skills to empower themselves, especially with what they can do with data, especially with contributing to the work of the open straight map chapter in the Gambia. We're also part of the Internet Governments Forum, and every year we gather with other stakeholders both in the private and the public sector to discuss issues affecting connectivity, access and affordability. Well, this is done in order to promote the development of community networks, as well as get the government involved in ensuring that the connectivity issues affecting people in rural Gambia and the high cost of internet internet in the Gambia, which is affecting literally everyone, especially which is hindering the development of good educational research to promote entrepreneurship in ways that young people can contribute to the climate movement by providing solutions that are sustainable. We're also supporting the development of community networks in the Gambia by focusing on two very key rural areas, the North Bank region and Basel, which is in the URI, as well as also contributing to our work in education, engaging with young people in schools who are after school program, the summer camp, and our African code challenge, empowering young people as well also part of the generation global forum, using lectures from there to engage young people with dialogue and climate change, on access, on privacy and data, as well as on those related to innovation that is going to contribute immensely to the work that we do as a social chain hub. Thank you. Thank you, Madeline. Madeline, why don't I start with you for this last question. Those most vulnerable to climate change are often excluded from decision making spaces. How can we support and build power for the most vulnerable of communities. To do that here in Jocollab's Banjo, we focus all of our projects that we do, we make sure that we involve the municipal area cancels so that we can get the associations walking in the grassroot movement to be part of the work that we do. Like, for instance, if we have a project in the North Bank area, we link up with the municipal council in the North Bank area, where we engage with the families association there, and they can identify those in their areas who are in most need of the trainings that we offer. Through collaboration and partnership, we are able to hear, not just by going there and delivering our training models for them, but in advocacy we're also able to hear what are the issues that are affecting them, and how are they in their own way trying to shape it, and how can we better our fight in ensuring that digital inclusion also gets to them. The dialogues happening within the Greater Banjo area and the West Coast area that they also have a seat at the table. So I would say to ensuring that we are partnering with them, not just going and talking about the things we're doing, but listening to them because they are the people who were being mostly affected, their lives and means of livelihoods are mostly affected. So if we can listen to them through collaborative dialogue, being able to engage them, being able to visit them in their places to understand how in their own way each of them is contributing to ensure that their voices are high, then we can better make impact together by focusing on the communities affected, and not just making and drawing up training contents for them, listening to them to hear what they have to say and what they need. In that way we are ensuring that their voices are high and they're also part of the conversation, as well as also empowering their children who were going to school, because we realize that most of the time we have an issue of language barrier. So what we do is that in the trainings that we conduct, we also include children of those women who are in the program, so that through better engagement with them, those of them who were able to understand the English language can be able to translate it to their parents in the local language, thereby also benefiting from the programs that we have and being able to better communicate effectively with their parents who are part of the program for better engagement results. Thank you. Madeline, Adrian, same question for you. How can we support and build power for the most vulnerable communities? Adrian, you're muted. Sorry. I think the key in making sure that no one is excluded in the process is investing time on community organizing. We have a lot of community organizing and basically staying with the community and understanding the dynamics of the communities, the cultural context of how things are managed in each community. And for our organization, particularly we employed or we basically use the community based model in any development of projects in community level. Community based model basically involves free prior and informed consent, those kind of process of consulting, the elders, the youth, the women, the different segment to what we call focus group discussion. A lot of these methods are being employed in the rest of the world, but the key is actually putting more to listen and see what is actually the aspirations of the community. So that is the first step. The second step is to move towards recognition of indigenous people's rights and roles in terms of managing or to be the custodian of the natural resources, particularly in their territories. And these are so important that without recognizing their role as the custodian of natural resources, that there is very deep in first move any programs that relates to conservation or to the extent sustainable development in the area. And while doing this we of course as an organization like Tony Boom, we responsible of trying to invest our time and effort to how to make the technology accessible to the community, not just just in terms of cost but I think enabling community to be able to master the technology. For example, we are looking at, we talk a lot about renewable energy but how much time and effort is actually invested towards providing trainings and also you know, hand-holding for the communities in order for them to fully embrace and ability to actually have the competency towards managing and operating systems that we're bringing because technology can be enabling but at the same time can be excluding because too much technology you can exclude a lot, especially the older generation so we have to be very careful of what technology we bring to the communities. And I think the last step or also the approach that we take is trying to see technology that is appropriate and suitable culturally for the communities and how to integrate to some level the traditional wisdom. And for example like, you know, mapping, community mapping, I've been talking about GIS and so on, but how can we get traditional knowledge as part of the program that we are putting in the communities. So that's why when we do the watershed management, we do a lot of community mapping but it's not just like using GPS and collecting data but it's also collecting the special and mental maps of the community in order for them to have a very holistic management plan of the particular area. So that's how we make sure that not just excluding persons or groups but also knowledge in the process. Thank you. Thank you, Madeleine and Adrienne, both of you for sharing the work that you're doing and the solutions that you've raised here and interventions that your organizations are working towards. We're going to turn now to breakout groups. There will be three breakout rooms. You have a chance to ask additional questions to the panelists as well as talk with the group about our second question. How, how or bring to the breakout group how your organization is working to address and the qualities you're seeing in your context. We'd like to hear from everyone on the call. So if I could have my colleagues and friendship go ahead and break us into the breakout room. The breakout rooms will last until 10 after the hour. So we'll have about 30 minutes in breakout room, and you will get a notification when we have about three minutes left. So please go ahead and break us out. Yes, yes. Now, please give us a minute. We are managing breakout session groups. Yes, so the idea of the breakout groups is really to have an open discussion and as Hillary say just share your own experience from your countries from your organization from what you know, and just, you know, very friendly discussion on that very interesting. Let me introduce three facilitator for breakout groups one Hillary will facilitate one group and Dorothy chair friendship. She will facilitate one group and Stefan. And after 20 minutes break out we can take few more minutes, then back to plan a session and two minutes update from each facilitator. I can't hear you. No. You want me to make you sound. I'll make it just shut up. Welcome back. We had a great session. Thank you. Thank you. Good. Very good. Great. And now you'd listen from facilitator will start. I would live with you. Ladies first. I'm happy to. So I'll just go ahead and start. I was in group one and apologies for the long noises, the leaf blowers. I can't help that. But I hope you can still hear me. So we had kind of a very varied conversation, but some of the inequalities that the folks in our group were arguing with our extreme poverty, mining, data exclusion. And some of the solutions I heard were the importance of partnerships. The importance of leaving no one left behind so that those living. And extreme poverty are able to adapt to climate change. And then we start to have a conversation around climate and just migration. And how folks that are often forced to move because of climate change, they don't always identify themselves as climate migrants. They don't always understand that that's the reason that they're being forced to move. They may point to other reasons. And so how to have conversations with climate migrants and explain, explain the very unique situation they've been thrust into. We did not get an answer. But that was the end of the conversation. Okay, shall I report back from group two. I was in group two we had a very lively discussions also very varied topics. We started with discussing more real climate disasters and how we can include everyone in the in preparation for to deal with climate disasters. And, and that we can that, especially in Florida was mentioned that there was actually a lot done in preparedness, and to try to have everybody participating in in the preparedness and what plans can be so that everybody gets a role. And I think that was something that that we still can learn from, especially in other, in other regions. Then we had a discussion on taking place in Bangladesh where there's, there's coming in crops that can deal better with salinity. It's very obvious that that is also working very well because it can be disruptive as well it can be disrupted in food security, and it can also not be totally into, as I understand the diet of the people and also it could marginalize people more so it is something that is being tested and piloted in communities but not always but still have, we have to take a next step on that but I think as he is very much better than me in placing this but I think I've tried to this as we discussed it. And then I think there was another very interesting discussion on to try to voice or be the voice of all the people that are normally excluded in the dialogue and so that to create platforms that we can be a bridge between all those people that have ideas and work on the ground and that we can connect them to the to the decision makers, the funders on different platforms. We had a little discussion on how successful this is and actually on the local action side, there's quite a lot of inputs and and we can be those voices and to see how the bridge will work is still in a in a sort is still has to be has to be tried out and it's not it's not yet sure and we cannot yet speak of a success, but everybody agreed that this was the way to go. And then I think as a last thing that I should mention that I have some very good or has put some effort in putting podcasts together as well as information and lectures on how in in two years already you have tried to put racism and colonialism and how we can do better so that those those are in for integrated in our systems and we are trying to do good but doing well enough and and you have some very good I think you've put something in place that we cannot learn from so that is I think from our group to Thank you Dorothe. So for group group three I will be more I will go quicker. So we will discuss some form of some kind of problems that may arise some in some countries for example in Kenya there was, they might have some problems so that the Constitution is not really clear, regarding the rights of the communities or the policy in some countries might not be as favorable than it's it's in Bangladesh for example as it was mentioned in the presentation. So, so yeah, there are always some spaces to be innovative and to bring to share the knowledge between people who know from the, what is existing and the knowledge from the field. There are some very practical solutions also in each country that are different solutions that exist to help the communities in terms of rights, especially the legal side to to in some countries the land rights is a big problem the access to land is a big problem and they need to have support for the people supporting the access to the rights to land. Then we also spoke about the visibility that we should give to the frontliners and and share the stories and share their voices so that they have more. They are more present in the discussion arenas at the, at the higher level, so that their rights are taken into account, or conversation but also into the funding situation which has currently a strong imbalance in terms of reach so currently only 10% of the funding of for climate adaptation is going really to the communities in needs are to do that direct frontliners of the climate. And it's, it should change we will learn that from fcdo in the UK they committed to move to 70% of the climate finance going to local communities by 2030 so that's a big move. I hope that it will be possible to reach that and everyone has to take its part. Also the southern countries who should commit to leave no one behind and to implement and deliver the funds that they will receive for the most vulnerable. So yeah, that was basically it in our conversation and so I can hand over to Cassie. Thank you. Great. And since all the groups had a very vibrant discussion. Very good. Now I would request the big voice in climate justice world journalist writer activist and above all, her Royal Highness Princesses Melinda of Belgium. For this concluding speech, and given light to our session. First of all, I want to thank you all for a very interesting session, and for reminding us all that the climate crisis, the ecological crisis is above all a problem of human rights, because we have a tendency of talking about what is happening to diversity with what is happening to our climate, and we forget the human aspect. And it's a basic attack on our most basic human rights rights to life to food to water to education to safety. So let's talk about climate justice. We cannot dissociate we cannot address this terrible crisis, if we don't address inequality and poverty, inequity. Like Runa Khan said at opening speech. So we have different kind of injustice we have the first one that I see obviously is that the global South, the country that has participated the least in the situation where we are the climate crisis chaos, the one suffering the most. And this geographical injustice, I may say, is right before eyes we have seen what is just happening in Pakistan. We can see what is happening in Africa with the terrible drought, and it's happening all the time. We also experienced some kind of climate disaster but not on the same level so far. And of course we have a historical responsibility because let's remember that when the European powers the colonial powers started to go to the global south and to take all resources and building their, our wealth. Well, everything started there, not only in the destroying of biodiversity resource nature, but also the way the population were dominated. Unfortunately, still today, we have that kind of neocolonialism with many multinational are still taking resources from the global south for Europe for the Western countries. I want also to talk about the gender injustice. We have talked about it during this session, how women and girls are suffering the most, because of the role they have in society. They are the one getting the food, getting the water. Actually, we know that it's 40 billion hours that women and girls spend getting water yearly in sub Sahara Africa. This is an incredible number. 40 billion hours. And of course, it has the result that they don't go to school. Sometimes that they get married very early. And this is exactly a gender injustice. We know that after big climate disaster. Yes, they don't go back to school, and they are suffering the most, but I have to also insist that women are agent of change, because they know they are in contact with resources natural resources. They have ability they have skills. Unfortunately, they don't have ownership on land or very little. They don't have the skill or the training and that should change and funding should go to that as well. And the last injustice I want to talk about is indigenous rights. We have heard from Brazil, we have heard from Africa, how indigenous communities are suffering because they are displaced. In the case of Brazil, they are also very often killed. The defenders of our most important biodiversity are regularly, regularly mistreated, harassed killed. We have seen that recently. And they are the ones again, who have the most knowledge and the most ability to protect their land, their forest and our biodiversity. They're only 5% that they, but they protect 8% of our biodiversity. I just want to, to state that this injustice gender indigenous geographical historical. And I think today we have seen that there is a better way to do that, listening to local communities not imposing our way of seeing things from the north, but having a real dialogue and real collaboration and, and helping the most vulnerable who have a lot also to teach us. So I thank you very much for this very interesting discussion today. Excellent, very moving. Now, we have a CGRF friendship and all other speakers and from different corners of the world. I appreciate your efforts, Hilary from the day one we working with stuff and day after day week after week we had a different planning session and finally we did it now I would request to not run to close the session. I think so much, and so beautifully. I, the closing remarks have been articulated by Princess Esmeralda, and thank you for bringing such important issues, which are hidden issues people don't bring to the surface all the time. And you always have this courage to do so. So thank you for that. And thank you for having these, having our three breakout session specialists who have rounded up the session so well. And I'm that and friendship and ID. We are very proud to be part of this team. And I think our session really has been one of learning. And it is, it is with this solidarity that I hope that we can move together forward and bring this injustice into justice, at least take a step towards it for the future. Thank you very much. Thank you all. Please join tomorrow 12 noon for our session local government towards local adaptation. Thank you so much. Bye. Good night.