 Mae'r syniad ymlaen i'r syniad yn cyfoedol. Gweithio yma hwnnw yn ymweld clywbeth eich rhaid i'r cyfan gweithio syniad ar gyfer y rhaid i'r ffordd. Mae'r gweithiau mewn Unedigedd Cymru, a'r ysgwrs ar yr ysgwrs, ond y cyflawniaeth cychwynwyl yn gilydd newydd fel yna ein bandwyr bod gyna dweud deng ddechrau yn fwyg yma iawn o'r ffordd o'n cyd-dechrau'n gilydd i wael hynny'n gyferogi. Ar d Sorry, Cymru ei amddangosol o'u gweithio'r cyfeiri. Mae'r ysgol wedi'n gweithio gyda'u gweithio ar gyfer oedol sydd wedi gweithio'r ffemwril o'u wedi ymgyrchu felly a'r rydyn ni i'n cael eu defnyddio'r feddwyr. ...y'r blaen iawn i gael ddylchiau o'i llwyddoedd o'r amser o'r blaen o'r llwyddoedd o'r llwyddoedd. Don't forget the little ones. There is a whole world of tiny organisms out there such as plankton... ...and their movements are hugely important to any healthy ecosystem. The ocean is no longer untouched by human activity. Organism movements are being disrupted by dams, shipping traffic, noise, pollution and heatwaves. Fynghoriwn cymryd o'r organiadau yn ymgorghau newydd, yn ddiwedd o'r funordeb eichol sydd o'r cyffredinol. Cyfnodd yn ymdyn nhw'n fwy o'r ysgrifennu yn siarad o'r ffaloedd o'r cyfwyrdd o'r cyfwyrdd o'r cyfwyrdd o'r cyfwyrdd. Felly, philipe Lisu, a'r ffaluwch yn dwy'n gweithio'r ffaloedd yn ymdwy'r cyfwyrdd i'r sefyllfa o'r ffaloedd o'r cyfwyrdd i'r cyfwyrdd. Ond while whales and fish are rather obvious, there are many marine organisms that are so tiny that we need powerful, magnifying glasses to be able to observe them. By using these microscopes we can follow their shape and their movement, and reveal an entire dramatic world that is unseen to our naked eye. A while they are little, the role that these tiny creatures play is huge. For example, these single-celled algae can live on their own freely moving about, or they can live inside of corals in a partnership that benefits both. But with climate change, heat waves in the oceans caused these algae to leave the coral in a process called coral bleaching. This is often the beginning of the end for the coral. Or here we have barnacle larvae moving about trying to find the best place to settle, which could well be the hull of a ship. So movement is essential at all scales and we can't afford to ignore the very little ones. Hi, I'm Dr Joe Bailey, I'm a mathematician and I'm interested in the past animals take. We can determine lots of interesting things. We can find out how far the animal is moved. We can also find out how fast the animal is moving. Now that helps us determine things like energy use, so perhaps how recently the animal has fed and how much the animal has fed, and also how much the animal needs to feed. We can also determine things like space use, finding out how much the animal has explored the local area. From this we can determine things like home range behaviour. That tells us the neighbourhood that the animal likes to explore. If it's foraging, so if it's feeding, if it's hunting, or maybe if it's being hunted. And finally we can also try and understand phenomena like group movement. So we know that there are large shoals of fish who will swim together. Now they somehow all tend to swim in the same direction, but individually they might want to head off in their own way. Now somehow we need to figure out how they do that. Now why we do this is really important. Perhaps we're interested in maybe putting a dam in a river, maybe we want to build something in the ocean, maybe we want to add some shipping lanes so that we're interested to find out how is that going to affect everything else living under the sea. My name is Dr Serina Rowe, and I'm a fishery scientist from the Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science. My work focuses on trying to better understand the behaviour and ecology of fish species using things called electronic tags like these. Now these allow us to track fish in their natural environments. For example we've been recently working with governments in the South Atlantic to better understand tuna behaviour. Tunas are pretty much the poster child for macro-scale movements. They can migrate thousands of miles within a year, crossing entire ocean bases. They basically do that to migrate between those key grounds like that they use for spawning and for feeding. They've got amazingly streamlined bodies and crescent-mutualed tails, which are perfect for long-distance movements. And they're also one of the few species that can generate their own body heat, which allows them to hunt even in the coldest and darkest environments. Why do we use tags anyway? Well, tags allow us to understand lots of different information about fish, but only things like growth, so how fast they grow in a daily and monthly or yearly baseless, but how deep they can dive, how far they can travel within a day or over the different seasons and what drives those movements. All of that information helps us to better understand and protect fish populations. My name is Dr Anna Sturrick and I'm a fish ecologist and a UKRI Future Leaders Fellow. So when we think about tracking macro-scale movements in the ocean, we typically think about tagging the animal in some way, but some individuals and some species are just very difficult to tag. Soft-bodied species such as octopuses, deep-sea fishes that don't like to be brought to the surface and very early life stages that are just too small to attach a tag to. For those kind of animals, it helps to use natural tags, such as genetic markers or chemical traces in their body tissues. And so what we use are otoliths which are ear stones of the fish and the eye lenses. Now both of these grow in layers and so you can look at these layers just like a tree trunk to look at how old the fish was and how fast it was growing at different time points in its life. But we can also look at chemical traces in those layers to look at where the fish was from, which habitats it used, what it experienced, what it ate and if it encountered any pollutants. So I've been using these approaches to track the movements of fish such as salmon and sea bass and understand the contribution rates of these important nursery habitats to the adult stock. If we know that certain habitats are performing really well then we can put protection measures in place there. If they're performing really badly then we can restore them or put in remediation efforts. You've heard some of the reasons why movement is so important to marine organisms and some of the ways that human activity can impact free movement. But actually there's more to it than that. Humans can move otherwise immobile species around the world's oceans, introducing them beyond their natural geographic ranges. We then call these species introduced or non-indigenous species and they can have serious impacts on natural ecosystems. One of the main ways that these species move around the world's waters is global shipping. Shipping is vital to modern society almost everything in this room will have been on a container ship at some point. But it's also an easy way for stowaways to transport themselves either in the ballast water of ships or attached to the ship holds in biofowling communities. Shipping also releases about 3% of global greenhouse gas emissions so it's crucially important that we keep the holders of ships clean and then moving efficiently through the world's oceans. My research studies larval settlement ecology that is how the larvae of these biofowling organisms select the surfaces they want to attach to. In fact my research focuses on developing more environmentally harmonious so-called anti-fowling coatings that these larvae can't attach to and therefore prevent them being transported around the oceans. We've heard about some of the fascinating ways that researchers are setting the movement of marine organisms just how important these movements are in connecting species, individuals and populations into one cohesive ecosystem. From micro to macro, the ocean relies on all of its organisms to carry out their roles, humans included. The ocean covers the majority of our planet's surface therefore we rely on it for many resources like food, energy and even the air we breathe. We're continually learning about the impacts that humans are having and indirectly on our ocean travellers. From unregulated fishing activities that are depleting fish stocks to the El Niño heat waves that are bleaching our corals these are challenges that we're tackling with policy makers to explore our solutions for the future. Although we live on land the ocean provides so much for us and needs us to care for it. Through our exhibit we want to inspire you to learn more about the ocean and join us in looking after it. By reducing plastic waste and energy consumption we'll help keep our ocean healthy and our ocean travellers moving.