 So just okay. Hello everyone. Thank you for coming. So today in the morning we discussed that Usability is always overlooked by many open source projects and I wanted to know why so today I want to present research I Did by reviewing academic papers in this area usability and open source and what I found out First I want to explain why I started this research this research started with the fail to contribute to open source It's my first contribution to open source that never got any attention in the project So it happened a few years ago when I was working as a year designer in a big Corporation working on Android phones for Asia. So not where is it is fine job? I wanted to do something different and I found an open source project. I thought I could make much better and I designed some work. I thought it was a low-hanging fruit, you know There's so many issues you can fix immediately if you work as a UX designer. So I submitted some wireframes gave my feedback research and Started to wait for feedback and never received any answer at all. So here's a Interview status for three years already So back that I suspected that maybe it's not enough just to have a view to contribute to open source Maybe there's something else That you need to know about open source in order to become part of it So I started to review academic papers and not only academic papers on that topic And here I will present a short timeline of papers. I found I started my research from not very Usability related work many of you I'm sure know the Cathedral and the Bazaar by Eric Raymond. Have you read it? Yeah, so it's a great overview why open source and how open source is different from traditional software development and it made me think maybe if you if you want to contribute UX to open source it also have to be different from traditional development About 2001 it's a few years after this work Papers on usability and open source started to appear and they're more and more every year You can find them later. I will give you a link They're not only papers, but but also bigger work tasers work like for example, there is a Guide to usability in free software by young young is here. It's a great work So if you want to learn how you can apply usability methods, but you know nothing about usability, please Learn it from that work and more more papers. We can see from Finnish University Finland University and others great work if you want to find this list, please refer to a repository. I maintain I have already more than 30 papers and If you happen to write one or you have a favorite one, please contribute We can collect all of them and learn more about usability in open source and also on a side note if you love papers, I like to advertise this Initiative maybe some of you know, do you know papers we love? Okay, no, okay. It's a great meet-up all over the world I started one branch in Seoul dedicated only to UX papers So we get together with UX papers and learn something that you don't have time to learn on your daily work time, so what does open source think about usability and I found this great paper published in 2012 and researchers from Western University in Canada they carried out a research to find out how developers in open source seek for users feedback and What's the role of usability experts in open source environment? So what? shows that 81% of contributors to open source, please welcome So it's a way shows that 81% Contributors to open source think that usability is important or highly important and nobody thought it had no importance However, it wasn't their priority when it comes to work only 30% of developers think they work on usability But rest they don't think it's a quality attribute of software. They should think about 77% didn't consult any professional Experts in usability and even if they did only one third of them applied the results in their work So how come according to the results? It seems that usability is important to software developers in open source but no one wants to work on it or They don't consult experts in that area so Okay, if developers don't want to work Maybe why there are not so many UX designers in open source and I'm sure there are many Designers here who have their reasons why but I want to present some work. I found in this paper They have an interesting explanation. So what they did they contributed usability research to some open projects and Observes how core teams deal with those contributions and they find these three different tactics They give them names and called a gate keeping tactics So what developers do in order to avoid outsiders contributions when it comes to usability First gate keeping tactics is called non-response and it's what I had in my first contribution to open source So like well, it's your opinion if you want you can develop yourself. Otherwise, we don't care so those contributions user usually have no communications and no reaction and Another one a gate keeping tactic is social exclusion and even though community accept contribution, but they don't Accept the usability team as a part of core team as a part of the process And it's also discouraging because it's the moment Sometimes it's only reason why we contribute open source. We want to be the part of the community and another gate keeping tactic calls false acceptance. It's when please welcome So it's when communities enthusiastic about findings apply them But the original developer of the feature Comes in an exercise his right or her rights to change software and revert it back to original It also happened several times. So it seems seems like that usability teams Can that easily to contribute to open source project? And they don't have any impact Their message fell into deaf ears most of the time and it's difficult to become part of the community. So why and What I learned from the papers there at least three reasons that That researchers find and first of the first of the reasons it it's culture So there's a cultural aspect and it's known that open source culture is known to be meritocratic and participants gains merit from Contributing and solving hard algorithmic problems. So for The more hard problem you solve the more incentive reputation incentive you get and For usability experts, it's almost impossible to gain merit because it's not considered important and Even the structure of open source described in papers often described as onion structure you see behind me and The structure represents how decision-makers is distributed in the community and in the center of the circle It's where the old decision-making power is Concentrated and it's belong to main developers and we have more and more layers and none of them is for designers and One of the papers found an interesting Solution for that. So this paper published in 2009 and Finland University What does it just does it just to create an additional layer for usability experts where they could communicate make decision together Organize a core team that would communicate with the technical core team in a standard like open source layer I I'm not sure if it can work if you can If you can do it, but I see that open source design community is community that organized this room. It could be place Like the human level up there where designers get together and try to work with open source projects together to improve usability another reason also is how People with usability research background and people with open source background see their users So in the community when technical skills are the most appreciated Usability problems are found less Interesting and less challenging and in this environment for open source Developer, it's very difficult to emphasize with the user because he doesn't have the same technical skills While all designers in the area, they know that that's by definition Users usually don't have any idea what they use how it work And you cannot know it all even though you develop your own product when you use other products you don't have full understanding or Of the software so as much as developers hope their user look like this most of the time the user look like this and How it was changing and the more and more I see a great user See ways like this Jupiter project published every year The user see ways so that way they try to find out who their user and how to make the software better Apache spark great report every year. So I encourage everyone to learn and do the same Okay, I need to drink a little And another reason maybe the most important mention by papers is the approach to development process Which seems to be completely different in open source and traditional UX design? so in open source projects usually They called it mostly like bottom-up approach. It's where focus always on technical Technical issues and often the projects come from a little feature and more and more features added technically added and usability issues By past completely but in design We usually start with the top-down approach where user designers usability designers. They have Play the role of user representative from the beginning of the project they have decision-making power and also Equal to developers to make decisions and that's very well understand by many big projects that have foundation behind so the projects like Usually those projects they would have guidelines They have a great community like mazilla and they have great resources where you can learn how to improve their product and Contribute to usability. It's also much easier to use top-down approach With the smaller companies when you have just we have projects over only few people contribute so from the beginning they can or they can care about usability and work on it better for example this project from Madrid Called has have a beautiful Russian name Tiger It's a one of the great examples when usability was considered from the beginning of the project because Project had just a few contributors from one company and that's project looks great. By the way team is here Over there great product. Also the same company. Yeah, great product And also I'm sure that everyone who knows about this one is looking forward for the luncheon day This is open source UX box tool that that is designed for prototyping and We also really looking forward to that to that one So it's easier when the team is one or two people, but how about all other projects that already exist there and how an independent Designer can contribute or become part of it So it's not an easy question that all of us are trying to answer in this room today But what I know for sure that development that any community cannot grow unless it develops and improves so I believe that both of the sides and of in this conversation technical contributors and design contributors have to find common ground and It's not only for developers to learn about his ability. It's for us designers to learn about culture and Understand how we can become part of it. So since there are many designers in this room I want to share my experience and what I learn how to participate in open source design and If you want to become a part of the project before anything first you have to be a user of that project And once once you gain some once you become part of the community and gain some Visibility you can start contributing and it's not a good idea to contribute for usability issues because It's Sometimes, you know, the those gatekeeping tactics could stop you from that So it's much maybe easier to start with a public documentation report bugs and be a vocal user of the community and only after that maybe it's a good idea to start the design job for open source projects in order to Be a successful member of the community So my final ideas I want to share with you So as much as we designers like to think that everyone needs to understand what usability is I think what's more important for us to be part of the community and gain social capital with the community members and Also build trust by understanding how open source work So it was my short talk. Thank you. And if you have any feedback, please So you described the way how to find your project as a designer So I'm sitting here as an upstream development. Actually, I always So the question was how to how to find the designer on the project, right? Yeah, yeah, yeah, okay I think So what we're trying to do with open source design initiative, it's to build foundations for designers To be able to join open source projects because it's not easy. You've seen like three years ago I started it's still difficult for me to to find the project and become a member And I think the more we advocate for open source culture the more designers can Join and understand that they also can have impact in this and become part of the community So I think I hope that that's would be the foundation of our work in open source design So the more we have people contributing the more designers open source Projects will have I don't have a recipe. There's no silver bullet for that There is a pool of designers you can come to open source design dot net our community, please check out our repository as well We will advertise it many many times today but also If you want to design a working only in your projects is what it should be a user of your project Sometimes you can you can get some free work from open source design community But hopefully you can get someone who can live And with your project and contribute constantly it would be the perfect case and there are projects like that There are many projects that get many designers like next cloud Sorry, what's the name? What's the name of the project next cloud, right? Sorry So there are many projects that have designers, but it's a long way of learning and understanding what how you can impact and change Yes, yes Yes, yes, but I think this is the way we have to go through and grow and get more people and Thank you Which There are some exceptions But it also brings a question regarding The different types of design for me design is everything developing new design software develop There's usability design. There is also graphic design So what I think the most complicated part in open source is graphic design or although because usability is something you can measure if you can measure Then it's much easier to distribute in open source and talk about it and find Understanding but when it comes to graphic design, I'm curious myself how to make it open how to make it work in open source so maybe it's a bit the complete a bit different question and The most difficult question is graphic design because again, I'm not sure how many people can collaborate on Graphical design while I believe people can collaborate on usability issues and UX design