 This review summarizes the epidemiology, mechanisms, and vaccine options for typhoid and paratyphoid fever in non-endemic countries, with a focus on travelers visiting endemic areas. It highlights the need for preventive measures such as vaccination against these diseases, but notes that European recommendations are not harmonized and experts must assess vaccination of travelers based on country-specific guidelines. The review aims to increase awareness of typhoid and paratyphoid fever risks among travel health practitioners. This article was authored by Jane N. Zuckerman, Christoph Hatz, and Anu Kanteel.