 Okay, good morning good afternoon or good evening wherever you are greetings from the International Energy Agency's headquarters here in Paris And thank you for joining us today For this webinar on the goal to double energy efficiency progress this decade My name is Jack Miller. I'm an I'm an analyst here with the Office of Energy Efficiency and Inclusive Transitions at the IEA In a moment, I'll go to Dr. Brian Motherway who's head of the Energy Efficiency and Inclusive Transitions office here Who'll give us some welcome remarks Before I do that, I just want to ask you to send your questions to us And you can do that either by emailing energy.efficiency at IEA.org or adding it to the Q&A function in the Zoom Adding it to the IEA YouTube event page comments or tweeting Brian our Motherway So I will now give the floor over to Brian. Thank you over to you Thank you Jack Let me add my greetings to everyone. It's a great pleasure to see you So many of you in fact joining us today from a moderately sunny afternoon in Paris. We're delighted that you're here to Join this discussion, which is very much the discussion about quite a historic moment I think you know cop as we know from an energy perspective was quite a historic cop many important issues Moved forward we can discuss how we feel about about the outcomes But from our point of view in the International Energy Agency We were very pleased to see a lot of focus on key energy issues and of course specifically for today a focus on energy efficiency I think maybe a Uniquely strong focus on energy efficiency in a cop discussion Recognizing how important energy efficiency is for a mission and abatement particularly in the short term And therefore we were delighted of course to see you know a firm outcome in the global stock take Around the ambition to double global energy efficiency progress in this decade This level of ambition of course comes from all the IEA's net zero energy roadmap Or we identified this as a key Milestone for early action not only because the emissions abatement that comes directly from energy efficiency But also energy efficiency as an enabler of other activities by by reducing Bills by reducing energy demand growth and therefore making other measures more feasible and more affordable as well Of course of bringing immediate benefit to all of us as energy consumers in terms of lower bills Lower bills for our industries and employers and other environmental benefits related to lower levels of air pollution And of course increased employment So this target of doubling of course is something we have been discussing with governments around the world For quite some time in advance of cop and of course even more so since cop And it's something we have been analyzing in terms of its implications For the global energy system and particularly for energy policymakers its implications in terms of the positive benefits It can bring but also the kind of actions policies and measures that government should be considering If they want to accelerate progress and energy efficiency in line with this commitment that has been made by all governments at cop And that's what we're here today to discuss. We're going to share some of our Analysis with you in terms of the key policy measures some of the best examples We've seen around the world among many will highlight just a few but many of you here of course Have experiences that we'd like to hear about so during the course of today's session Please do get in touch with your questions or comments But that doesn't just apply for today The IEA is here to help all stakeholders and all governments around the world on many parts of the energy agenda And particularly we're ready to work with you all on energy efficiency It's a crucial moment for energy efficiency between now and the rest of the decade We know the kind of policies that are required We know the kind of technologies that will be essential and now it's an action agenda How can we work together to accelerate progress and energy efficiency and that's what we're here today to discuss So thanks again for joining us. We look forward to the discussion. We're about to have. Thank you, Jack Thank you very much Brian for those those engaging remarks So we'll begin our presentation. We'll begin our session now I'm going to talk to you a little bit first and then I'll hand over to some colleagues who are with us today So I'm going to talk a little bit about the doubling goal itself what it is How it came to life What it how it's measured and why it's important and then I'll highlight some of our recent analysis Which shows us how feasible it is I'll then hand to my colleagues who will show you some examples of the steps that policymakers can take to actually achieve the goals So to start off then to provide some background and some context for the goal over the past year The IEA has been calling for a doubling target following our net zero emissions by 2050 analysis Now we've seen over the course of the past year in particular major political appetite has been demonstrated Not least with the IEA's 8th annual global conference on energy efficiency Which was co-hosted by the government of France and took place in Versailles And at that conference we saw 46 governments endorse the Versailles statement That's our ministerial communique that called for stronger policy action towards the goal of doubling energy efficiency progress this decade We also saw the doubling target endorsed in other major international forum Not least under Japan's presidency of the G7 last year and under India's presidency of the G20 last year as well So with all this this lay the groundwork for a formal political agreement on the doubling goal at COP 28 In the UAE at the end of last year First we saw at the beginning of the COP process the global pledge on renewables and energy efficiency Which was pushed forward under the leadership of the European Commission and it was signed by over 130 countries Now that contains explicit text on the doubling goal But then we also at the end of the process saw in the COP 28 final text text within that global stock take Which called on parties to contribute to both the tripling renewable energy capacity global target as well as the doubling The doubling target so doubling the global average annual rates of energy efficiency improvements by 2030 So what does that mean? That means that every government that took part in the UNFCCC process So nearly every government on the planet has now endorsed the goal of doubling energy efficiency progress this decade So that's a really strong achievement And we'd like to talk a little bit about what that doubling goal is how it's measured And and how to get there So the doubling goal itself is measured using the metric of global primary energy intensity Now that's the ratio of energy use to global GDP The IEA tracks and measures changes in global energy intensity every year Now, of course, we see that the general trend that energy intensity is going down So that's an improvement as the global economy becomes more and more efficient And we define improvement as the year-on-year percentage decrease in global energy intensity So in 2022 we saw an improvement of 2% So in each unit for each unit of energy used in 2022 It produced 2% more GDP than it did the year previous to that That sets the baseline of the doubling goal So we see between now and 2030 the end of this decade We see the need from the IEA's NZE net zero emissions by 2050 Analysis that that average annual rate of progress needs to double from that 2022 baseline To just over 4% every year That's what the IEA NZE shows is necessary but also achievable to deliver on our climate goals So we know it's a critical step to reaching net zero emissions by mid-century And hence keeping the 1.5 degree limit within reach We see in the IEA's NZE scenario that it's responsible for more actions to achieve that doubling Are responsible for nearly half of the emission savings between now and 2030 that we see So that's 45% But not only is it critical for getting on the path to net zero It also achieving doubling also comes with a vast range of wider benefits So for example we see substantial savings on today's energy bills from achieving the goal That we estimate to be up to a third on today's levels in advanced economies Where we have the data to make those estimates But significant reductions are also available of course right across the globe As consumers everywhere use less energy in their vehicles, their homes and other parts of their lives And for similar reasons we also see substantial savings to the public purse And as more workers are needed to design, manufacture and install the efficient technologies needed to achieve the doubling We see 4.5 million more jobs than today by achieving the doubling goal We also know that doubling would lead to very significant energy savings More productive homes and workplaces, more breathable air and a host of other benefits as well So that leads us to the question of well how feasible is the target then If the rewards are so high, how can we get them? And by definition, doubling progress is a challenge, of course it is But from the IEA's tracking that we do and we have done for several years now We are able to measure on a national level how many countries have achieved that 4% threshold So we've looked over the past 10 years for example And we've seen how many countries have done that before And we see actually very promising signs Where by most of the countries that we have data for have done it at least once in 10 years That's reached the 4% threshold and we see that half have achieved that at least three times in the past 10 years And in fact 40 countries achieved it either in 2022 or 23 The challenge obviously now is for governments to achieve that consistently for the rest of this decade Of course the goal is a global one and some countries are closer to that threshold than others There are different national situations different economic contexts meaning countries will have different pathways to doubling But it's clear that every government must take strong and immediate action To accelerate efficiency to reach that doubling goal And we know that governments will need to make efforts across all fronts So the pathway to doubling that's set out in the IEA's NZE scenario Sees three main areas that will contribute to doubling in roughly equal measure So first we see switching to more efficient fuels In large part through electrification But also by achieving universal access to efficient clean cooking as the first pillar The second is improving technical efficiency the technical efficiency of the appliances Vehicles and equipment that we use today So that's enacting policies to save energy through renovations more efficient appliances and vehicles and improved industrial processes Finally, we see the third pillar as being around behavior change and avoided demand But we know as well that the technologies already exist to get us there and the policy foundations are already in place It's about going further and becoming more ambitious in some domains The policies are already within reach of net zero Levels so this figure takes a little bit of explaining but essentially everything above that green line represents a technology or a policy that is Compliant with the doubling goal by 2030 So if we see from the green dots here that the best available technologies available on the marketplace today In in these given sectors are all compliant with doubling Now we just need the policies to push the average purchasing decision towards these more efficient These more efficient technologies and we see that in some sectors the policy thresholds are already Already sufficient in some places now what we need to do is expand that coverage and expand the Ambition these demonstrate the regulatory underpinnings of the necessary policies, of course And we know that we need Complementary packages of policies so that's which my that's information Regulation and incentives and my colleague Natalie will discuss these shortly as well as other drivers such as increasing turnover The turnover rates of old and inefficient equipment So that's what the doubling target is and that's a background to it now I'm pleased to hand over to my colleague Natalie cuff who will describe some of the steps that governments can take to get there Thank You Jack So that was a great explanation a bit of an overview of What we need to achieve globally and why and so in this section of the presentation We'd like to talk a little bit more about the how There have been a few countries who have approached us recently Especially since these pledges have taken place to discuss to say that they've committed to the doubling Efficiency improvement targets and they'd like to know how they can achieve this and the IEA has done quite a bit of work With a number of countries looking at different policies and policy packages that they can put into place So we'll look a little bit more in-depth at these policy packages now And and here we have policy packages that are really a framework for energy efficiency policy Which can be used as part of the policy makers toolkit These were originally developed for Sonderberg in 2022 for the global energy efficiency conference and Since then they have been updated for the 2023 global conference Which took place in Versailles to have a more comprehensive toolkit that we could be using for For policy makers next slide Sorry So if we look at this we have this toolkit that we've prepared And here in this section will discuss each of the the separate sections of the toolkit So in policy packages for energy efficiency We have the three sections that Jack mentioned regulation information and incentives And it's important to note that a lot of the great progress that we've seen in some countries on their energy efficiency policy Have mainly come when they've been tied together with a strategic framework That includes regulation information incentives that are really designed as a package together and play off of each other Here regulations and we will look at some examples after this here regulations often Provide that kind of push to remove the worst performing Kind of technologies or practices from the market and then we have information which can be two policy makers to consumers or to producers within an economy and incentives which can be both financial and and Non-financial incentives such as awards which can be used as kind of a pull factor bringing in the types of energy efficiency actions that we're eager to see and then overall when looking at this we do have the Cross-cutting issues which we'll look at just afterwards but including things like making sure that We see the distributional aspects and fairness aspects of of these regulations information incentives and seeing How they impact different populations and why So here we'll start to look at each of the sectors in turn and some of the aspects of how policy packages have been developed in those So buildings for buildings. We have a number of regulations building energy codes tend to be a good and important place to start I'm in a place in many countries across the world There's also a number of countries that are updating their building energy codes and having those regular updates as well We also have more forward-looking regulations such as those to enable future flexibility here. We see things like Including options for enablement enabling them to react to peak demand and to integrate with the grid China's national building codes also include a mandatory requirement for installment of rooftop solar PV on all new buildings and In Japan they've introduced demand responsive provisions which include both incentives and penalties on information These kinds of smart technologies that we've looked at that could be regulated into the market could also be used to provide information Both to consumers as well as to policymakers and to the producers within that economy There's been a large smart meter rollout for example in Southeast Asia, which could provide some of this data moving forward incentives There's also a number of incentive programs that have been successful Canada has had a successful greener homes grant which has been expanded in recent years And has also shown the example of targeting incentive programs for example to low-income households To switch from oil to heat pumps. There's also award and recognition programs such as labeling programs Which are also part of the information Such as Singapore's green mark certification standard Here we'll look at a type of regulation within the building sector So here we have some countries that have started looking at regulation For replacement of gas boilers with electric heat pumps as well as regulations to remove other kind of Gas equipment. This has happened in a number of countries and regions and even cities Including a gas ban in in Victoria a state in Australia. This has also happened in some regions Within Canada and the US including cities that have started to have more and more of these bans These this is not the only type of regulation And again, this won't be necessarily the best fit for all countries but we're going to look at a type of regulation information or incentive for each of these sectors and really Encouraging countries to develop a strong package and look at this as a kind of toolkit and best practices to learn from You know appliances and we also have minimum energy performance standards tend to be a very important part of the appliances energy efficiency policy package and minimum energy performance standards are Are already available in over a hundred countries around the world? What's important for these standards is that they're not only removing the worst performing Technologies from the market, but they're also have regular updates to ensure that they're keeping up with technology progress And having increasing Efficiency over time. We've also seen some cross-border alignment of minimum energy performance standards And labeling in regions such as the economic community of West African states Australia New Zealand and the southern African Development community and the EU and these have provided substantial benefits in ensuring that kind of alignment between different markets These kinds of regulations can also be joined by information and incentives for example You can combine it with labeling so labeling we often have high energy performance specifications Something that has been success in Thailand and these look at labeling Often voluntary schemes that label and provide a kind of benefit to producers who have Really high performing Technologies that they put out and then we also have things like scrappage bonuses Which could be an incentive to do to remove the worst performing and old Appliances that are underperforming from the market that have already been installed An example of an incentive program that has been quite successful that the eye has looked at And then some analysis on is an appliance replacement program in Mexico this This program for example had an incentive for consumers To replace refrigerators and air conditioners over 10 years old and provided financing for this This kind of incentive program has had a number of benefits and was quite popular and the government recorded Recovered its costs in around four years While also providing demand savings emissions savings and electricity savings to consumers At the industry sector, this is generally one of the hardest to abate sector for energy efficiency And here regulation. We also have minimum energy performance standards for equipment in industry one of the key examples of regulation is Minimum energy performance standards for motors. That's a key tool While most governments have only regulated for new motors We've also seen in Pakistan for example has introduced Minimum energy performance standards and labels for refurbished second-hand motors in 2021 So we see countries also starting to look at and different types of the sector They also have information Benchmarking Indicators and detailed data can be important and this can also be combined here We see the importance of the policy package approach getting that information through regulation by having something like mandatory reporting and energy management systems manage mandatory reporting was also something that Indonesia and Chile have been Have rolled out and will be required to report for a certain threshold of the industrial sector Can combine this also with types of incentives tax measures, but they can also be preferential policies And things like free or subsidized energy audits that are non-financial incentives as well for an example from the industry sector we have One policy package approach from India, which the IEA has also put forward and analyzed This has a best practice of really a type of scheme that involves all three parts of the policy package and part of the success of this perform a chief trade Scheme in India has been the fact that it did include regulation information and incentives as part of a holistic package and has been improved over time and Revised the revised the scheme every couple of years Within this scheme each company has a target to meet over a three-year period And they can choose how to meet that target Either through Improving their own energy efficiency measures or purchasing energy saving certificates from those companies that have gone beyond their target And we see here a little bit of some of the the key savings that have happened When we look at the vehicle energy efficiency policy package In the transport sector regulation information incentive can also be combined into a very effective policy package For regulation, we see vehicle fuel economy standards being important And we have New Zealand and Chile have recently updated their standards for vehicles, which is a promising sign You also have information labeling for consumers, which can be Provided to consumers at purchase and also placed in visible locations incentives There are many well-known incentive schemes for EVs in some countries Which can be everything from grants or financing to purchase EVs as well as things like free parking And they've been recently expanded incentives for EVs in countries like Thailand and Malaysia which have ambitious goals for electric vehicles as well Looking at a type of regulation here as an example of a tool that could be used in the Vehicles we have the US passenger vehicle fuel economy standards So the idea for this vehicle fuel economy standards is That they function to define annual corporate average standards or targets for fuel economy Usually in miles per gallon and CO2 emissions in grams of CO2 per mile for passenger trucks and passenger cars and light trucks and and really this standard Well, it applies to the average fuel efficiency of all cars and light trucks in the manufacturing in the year it allows the manufacturers to determine how they're going to meet those objectives and within the US Automotive sector the fuel economy standards have also had a significant impact on the pace and direction of technology development These have been in place since the 1970s with increasing stringency over time Returning to an important factor in policy making of including regular updates and increasing stint in C Finally we come to financing energy efficiency policy packages here. We look at regulation information incentive for developing Developing really an energy services market or a market that will encourage investment in energy efficiency This can help to consolidate smaller projects and overcome some of the barriers to investment in energy efficiency reducing real and perceived risk and also reducing capital requirements ESCO so energy service services companies can be a key resource in financing energy efficiency And China for example has a very well-established ESCO market and both Kenya and Senegal have embarked on setting up super ESCOs more recently Saudi Arabia and seven three of the seven UAE Emirates have also have operational super ESCOs so promising to see this Happening in around the world, but also there's several countries that are looking at expanding on this type of tool and really when we look at overall and the Policy packages what's important to think about is that all countries should be looking at what their policy package is How they can combine regulation of information incentives may look slightly different for each country But the tools that we've looked at and the IA has a number of resources that we've developed on All of these different types of tools and types of policies that can be put in place should be seen as a resource for policy makers and we're also happy to discuss with policy makers individual Practices as well as best practices that we've seen in order to really encourage The highest highest uptake and to help countries achieve that doubling goal And we'll now turn this over to my colleague Emma to discuss some cross-cutting policy tools Thanks, Natalie and hello to everyone joining us today So along with the regulation information and incentives for this for the specific sectors that Natalie just presented months that are cross-cutting to all sectors These relate in general to the successful implementation of policy So it's like ensuring resources are available for policy putting policies into action Elements to with capacity building monitoring and enforcement and continual assessment of policies and programs But they can also result or relate to cross-cutting themes that are essential to Achieving our clean and inclusive energy transitions. So embracing elements such as digitalization and behavior as they relate to specific policies The IEA at the IEA we are tracking what countries are doing to incorporate these cross-cutting themes and measures So why is digitalization? Sorry, thank you. Why is digitalization important? In conjunction with our doubling target which Jack went into detail about and central to reducing the energy-related emissions Governments are also set the goal of tripling renewable global energy capacity to 2030 at the COP 28 climate change conference The delivery of the energy system that we need to achieve these targets improving the energy intensity and increasing renewable energy or electricity sources and Accommodating the progressive electrification that Jack mentioned at the beginning as well of energy assets can only be achieved Thrust a step change in the flexibility of the energy sector And this is where digitalization plays a key role across all sectors and across all energy policies The modernization of the energy systems to embrace digitalization is essential in providing increased system flexibility and demand response measures That are required to deliver secure reliable and affordable energy future And it really needs to be accelerated to achieve our targets as 2030 is Not that far away In our work in the IEA we found that across all sectors the energy efficiency policies can also when they are designed to do So incorporate digitalization levers and these can deliver the flexibility the asset Visibility and the demand response that we require for clean energy transitions And at the IEA we have the resources to help and guide governments in this area through our 3DN team That 3DN stands for digital demand driven electricity networks initiatives and it focuses specifically on this area And we'd encourage you to contact us about that if you're interested So a second cross-cutting theme that I'd like to highlight very quickly is the important behavioral insights in policy design development and delivery across all sectors There's increasingly more direct interaction between energy consumers and energy systems and people can have multiple points of influence in an energy system They can be the consumer the purchaser the manager and the decision-maker They can be energy efficiency adapters and providers of grid services such as the demand response that we were just talking about With this is the backdrop we can see how That how people relate to the energy system and the choices that they make as they interact with the energy system is playing an Increasingly important role in the successful implementation of our energy efficiency policies across all sectors And that's this is key and to the doubling of energy efficiency progress and to our reaching our net zero goals Behavioral insights that can put people at the center of our energy system and energy Efficiency policies that prioritize people and inclusivity can build the connections between the energy consumers and the energy system That serves them and this is a vital element in achieving the quick action that we need and the inclusive energy transitions This work is still emerging in some areas But the IEA tracks progress through our work on behavioral change and our work on people-centered clean energy transitions And we're starting to see some of the trends that Based on what governments are doing one such trend is that we're involved Governments are involving behavioral experts and behavioral insights in energy efficiency policy design and implementation phases So a successful example of where government did this and they took behavioral insights into account at the design and delivery stage Is the finish energy saving campaign down a degree? This campaign you can see the images here and was launched in 2022 and 23 As a result of the increase in energy prices and targeted cultural norms have finished people So by encouraging households to save energy and improve energy efficiency The government hoped to help citizens to reduce their future energy bills and reduce their energy consumption And as of September 2023 when they carried out a survey as much as 86% of citizens reported that they had taken the energy saving measures This is just one example and there are many more and as I mentioned the IEA has the resources to support you in this area And I'd now like to hand back over to my colleague Jack to guide you through some of these. Thank you Thank you very much Emma. Thank you colleagues So we've we've seen plenty of examples now of the steps that governments can take to to Get them on the pathway to achieving the doubling goal So what's next? What do governments need to do now? Well, as we've as colleagues have said we at the IEA are Here to here to provide a nice advice and analysis to governments and other stakeholders about about the doubling about Increasing ambition about the policies that they should take and how to unlock investment We think that the the next global moment for governments to come together and Discuss and help implement the the doubling goal will be at the IEA's ninth annual global conference on energy efficiency Which takes place this year in Nairobi, which is kindly co-hosted with the government of Kenya and that'll be in May 2024 We're also pleased to announce that on the 26th of April the IEA will also host a global summit on people-centered clean energy transitions here in Paris and that will be a high level Convening of governments labor and other key stakeholders to discuss ideas and best practices for ensuring fair and inclusive clean energy Transitions that maximize benefits for all and that's conducted with the participation of the IEA's clean energy labor council But of course we have a wide range of analysis Research advice that is already available to governments and we would encourage and urge governments and Anyone else who works in the energy efficiency landscape or is interested in it wants to increase ambition To look at the IEA's website where we have reports publications. We've mentioned our energy efficiency market reports We also have a range of training and capacity building Courses available online. That's shown here And all of this together will help us with our continued work on doubling both tracking progress As well as advising governments connecting policymakers And we would reach we would urge you to reach out To us with any questions that you may have or to share any experiences that you have in terms of enacting policy best practices, etc So that brings us to the end of our session today. I think thank a big. Thank you to our speakers We have just over 20 minutes now For some Q&A so I'm just going to briefly introduce a few more colleagues who will take part in the Q&A session with us as well But in the meantime if I I would very much recommend that you send your questions To either energy.efficiency at IEA.org You can tweet at Brian our mother way You can add comments to the IEA YouTube channel event page Or you can add your questions for those of you joining us on zoom in on the zoom Q&A function so We will start asking we will start answering some of your questions now and I've got a question that's coming on the on the zoom Q&A And this is a question I think for Brian Brian have we already seen some countries giving hints about how they plan to include Both the doubling goal and the tripling renewable energy goal in their forthcoming NDCs or other important documents Thank You Jack and thanks for that interesting question so first of all I would say we have certainly seen countries Responding to the COP commitment and several governments just in the last few days have been contacting us saying we have these new Commitments would we're taking them seriously And we want to work with you about the kind of actions we can we can take so we see a Seriousness of a response that I think you know illustrates the importance of these COP targets in themselves When it comes to the NDCs this question is very timely of course because we will see a major revision of NDCs in 2024 including a reflection On the nature and purpose and and role of NDCs because I think it's probably it's fair to say that it for many countries There was a certain disconnect in the last period between NDCs as statements of intent in the climate negotiation Facing way versus what was being implemented domestically on the ground I think this with targets like doubling efficiency tripling renewables and other energy related targets It's a key moment out of necessity and also opportunity to create stronger links between between NDCs and the implementation agenda on the ground so So it's a little early to tell whether that's going to happen or not But it's something that I think we would like to work with governments on and we've been discussing as the government and watch this Space from our point of view we will be producing Some guidance and supports and some events this year in terms of making the connections between these new targets and NDCs Equally, we'd love to hear from governments about how they're thinking about this in this crucial year for both the for both the doubling target and for the NDC process itself. Thank you Thanks very much Brian We've got a couple of questions that have come in. I'm going I'm going to group together essentially and they're on the focus on they're on the topic of the The use of energy intensity as a metric for the for the for the doubling goal So, you know, we've got questions around, you know When countries de-industrialize for example, we see intensity going down We see effects from when when there are significant GDP changes So, you know a question around why use the energy intensity metric Of course, we know that there are a range of different metrics that we can use. It's not the only one in town We could look at metrics that cover individual sectors and sub sectors For example, there's there's many that are also at the consumer level and the IEA does track And use these and and many others as well and we know that none of them are perfect But I think it's you know intensity is a clear metric that many governments in use including China That's the world's largest any energy consumer and it's also fundamentally intensity Is one of the best metrics to show us how much energy is needed to power the global economy? And so I think for that reason, we see that there has been Convergence on the use of energy intensity as a metric, both on the international stage and at national level as well It's it is also of course the metric that every government has signed up to at COP 28 It's we have good data tracking it and that's that's why the IEA is is tracking it going forward as well So thank you very much for that question I'm going to go to a question that we've had via email. This one is for Nick. I think it's about The the availability where the low hanging fruit, I suppose is across different sectors So in the different sectors, where do you think the biggest gains in energy efficiency are to be made? Thanks Jack and good afternoon everybody here from from Paris I think this is a question we always get asked and it's very good one, which is a version of Where do we get the the fastest progressed or where should we start when looking at? breaking down this global target at the sectoral level and energy efficiency is of course spread across the different sectors transport Industry and buildings and at the same time energy consuming activity these energy consuming activities in each sector Many consume fossil fuels directly only about 20% of overall Total final energy consumption is electrified today Which is the window of where renewable energy can have the the deepest Carbon reducing potential so when we look at how energy efficiency contributes to these climate goals and phasing down fossil fuels one very Good place to start in those sectors where there's a clear efficiency gains, but also fuel switching potential and so In our work we track very closely for example what is happening? and one of the most dynamic areas at the moment that gives us Room for hope that the transition is moving faster fast fast towards This doubling goal is in transport with electrification more and more people are now purchasing Electric vehicles they can use less than a third of the energy of a conventional car, which is a big efficiency gain but it's also driving this lower CO2 emissions by opening up that window to be Powered by more low carbon energy sources and the same can be said for natural gas Use in buildings for heating Water or space heating in particular is another very good area, but we shouldn't just park the Sectors where it that's easiest to move because industry where we have some of the longest lived infrastructure in terms of turnover to drive efficiency and Is also the biggest energy consuming sector and so there are the many of the biggest gains To be made that really make a different difference is in retrofitting these older industrial Units steel plants cement manufacturing and and and so forth that make up the bulk of that Those energy bigger energy consuming activities so a combination of I Think policies are needed to address the perhaps the quick wins as well as some of the more strategic big Where you can get the big gains Perhaps Natalie might have a view based on the policy packages Approach that was outlined in each each sector of where some of these good examples might sit Thanks, Nick. I think those are some good points and What we've also been discussing is the importance of having kind of a full package making sure that you have all three of these sectors But also having the correct kind of framework in place So data for example is really important data collection which can be as we discussed can be part of regulations and including Making sure that there's proper energy Reporting that can also be used to set up the correct policies that you need to have moving forward And really to evaluate where there's going to be the biggest impact where you might have the sectors that would have the best kind of Potential for energy efficiency savings and the types of cost savings you could also have there as well the other thing that's important to look at is monitoring Evaluation and verification a lot of countries find that these are Complicated processes to set up and making sure that you do have the administrative framework in place to be able to properly manage these Policies make sure that you'll get the most benefit out of them. So monitoring and verification making sure for example if you have Minimum energy performance standards that you have a system in place that allows you to be able to look at how whether the and The appliances are actually meeting the thresholds That they're supposed to be meeting that you have testing and that you have the facilities in place Vehicle fuel economy standards for example, it can be quite complicated to set up the type of testing that you need Some countries have overcome this by having shared policies Also making sure that you have good evaluation in place evaluating your policies having timelines on them For example that every few years will be an evaluation process and resetting the levels and thresholds For your different policies making sure that they're continuously being updated to become more stringent to adapt to new technologies Thank you. Thank you, Nick. Thank you, Natalie We've got another question that's come in via email and I think this is about how the How the energy crisis that we've seen over the past 18 months Has has affected our progress towards doubling and I think I think I'll give this one to Lucas Thank you very much Jack and good afternoon everybody I think in general our analysis shows that energy demand has decreased significantly during the energy crisis Particularly in regions that were hit hardest by rising prices such as the European Union Where in our latest market reports we see improvements of almost 14 percent in in some countries This reduction in energy demand was Leading to what was partly caused by higher energy prices leading to lower industrial production and Behavior changes as consumers lowering their thermostats But there was also significant investment in energy efficiency measures such as insulation and heat pumps So structural policy measures for efficiency have been ramped up for sure across the globe since the energy crisis and during the energy crisis and Made clear again what the benefits can be of energy efficiency for both affordability climate and energy security So in general the crisis I think has accelerated action on energy efficiency But the challenge ahead now as mentioned by Jack as well is to reach this improvement level consistently the coming years Thank you Thanks very much Lucas. I have a question that's come in on the YouTube comments here So a question on behavioral change and specifically around Whether Finland really has reduced its energy consumption with the campaign that you showed So I'll hand over to Emma for that one. Thanks Thanks, Jack. Yes, I can they did reduce their change The thing is with behavioral change it can be difficult to monitor exactly percentages that they saved but one of the key targets that they had was to ensure that they didn't That their power system was able to be maintained over the winter and I think it was three times They they estimated that the campaign saved them from the system shutting down three times They also achieved the savings savings, but those figures aren't publicly available at the moment Thank you. Question that's come in on the zoom And I'm going to give this one to Natalie Natalie Where do we fit building retrofit measures into into our analysis? Have have we studied various pathways on building retrofits? Thank you, Jack. This is a topic that's actually front of mind for a lot of countries as well as for a Lot of people looking around them at the buildings that they spend their their lives in we've also looked at The impacts that buildings have on people's well-being and this looks at kind of the multiple benefits Aspect of energy efficiency. So here we've done quite a bit of analysis on for example How having energy efficient buildings also tends to improve indoor air quality? It improves ventilation and includes thermal comfort and other types of advantages for individuals When we're looking at this building retrofit measures of if we're looking at where does it fit in terms of the policy package? the policy package Approach is really what really what the IAEA recommends to all countries is to have that package of all three of those aspects there So here we look at regulations for buildings in terms of retrofits having building energy codes That apply to existing buildings as well as new buildings. This is something that not Not enough countries have have looked at is really how to apply building energy codes and to existing buildings But having that to encourage retrofits and then we look at how Regulation can also be used for things like minimum energy performance standards for the systems and equipment being used within the buildings And having these being improved over time and then also looking at the potential for retrofits in terms of information so we provide information to consumers So they understand the benefits of these Retrofits things like heat pumps we've looked a lot at information on heat pumps Which is a relatively new technology and consumers don't always have the same level of understanding or comfort with these technologies in terms of Ensuring that they will be heating their homes properly So you sure there's proper information for consumers that they have the correct technology as well And then looking at incentives for example We looked at a couple of incentive programs for retrofits, but these have been quite successful in many cases in in encouraging Encouraging consumers to to uptake those retrofits both on a small and large scale some of the incentive programs have included large scale loans We've also looked at mortgages and other types of financing to be able to have large retrofits And really having this as a policy package is what's going to have the most effect On countries being able to have large-scale retrofits, which is what is really going to be needed to achieve energy efficiency goals and on the question of have The potentials or policy pathways been studied by the IEA is done a number of studies on buildings energy efficiency More recently, we've also looked at the future of buildings We did a study specifically on ASEAN looking at the future of buildings Which was published in October and this included other aspects such as how Building retrofits can be retrofitted retrofitting buildings for the future. So looking at how they can be connected to the grids Have demand response Aspects of appliances smart meters these kinds of things. So the IEA does have a number of Types of analysis on this topic as well Thank you very much, Natalie. We're getting lots of questions in Thank you very much. They're they're really engaging really interesting questions. We've got five minutes left It doesn't look like we're going to get through them all unfortunately, but we will we will crack on The next question. There's a very topical question here on the role of artificial intelligence and machine learning Asking how what role that we at the IEA see for AI and machine learning in achieving energy efficiency goals And so this is actually this is a great question. It's we've done a lot of research on this recently We've we've actually very recently within the last Two months or so published a commentary on the IEA website, which looks exactly at this question It's how artificial intelligence is is becoming a key enabler within the within the energy system and within the energy sector And in particular we see it as an enabler for managing the grids of the future Now, this is something we haven't discussed in too much depth today, but we in in tandem with the with the digitalization question enabling more digitally enabled digitally tooled grids to help Bring about more decentralized renewable energy generation is really important and AI is a really powerful analytical tool that we will need Going forward to do that We see a particular role in unlocking for artificial intelligence in unlocking flexibility both on the supply and the demand side So for example, we see AI being used to help improve weather forecasting for weather dependent generation, but also for Forecasting within the next 12 24 hours or so energy demand within buildings within industrial sites So that the job of matching supply and demand and using that variable generation more efficiently Is easier and it's cheaper as well and we see lots of other applications as well. This is very much a burgeoning area So we see for example in predictive maintenance schedules. We see AI being used to prevent failures before they happen Making making predictive. Sorry making maintenance schedules cheaper and easier Lower in cost for consumers making consumer interactions or customer interactions with their energy suppliers more more seamless for example and And many others besides as well So we would very much encourage you to go and look at that piece on the IEA website Thank you for that question I've got a question. Well, we've had a few questions on Engagement And I'm going to I think I'm going to roll them all into one and say how can my government Engage more take advantage of the IEA's insights and analysis and I'll give this one to Emma. I think Thanks, Jack. And so there's a very simple answer that they can reach out to us We continue to organize webinars like this one workshops with the conference that was is going to be going on this year Where the information and doubling is going to feature and we also regularly Publish reports on energy efficiency Including our latest energy efficiency in market report, which was published late in 2023 and the doubling on progress is analyzed in Depths there and all of those available resources are available through the IEA website Additionally, we hold training weeks as well as the E4 program That can that can help your governments and I would say as well just on the engagement It's important for governments to engage with their own stakeholders as well And to ensure that they both engage with their own stakeholders and facilitate stakeholder engagement as it is part of Including people and consumers in the clean energy transitions. Thanks, Jack Thank you very much Emma Thank you to the rest of our speakers. Thank you to Brian to Nick to Natalie to Emma and to Lucas I think I'm I think we're going to draw it to a close there. We're at the top of the hour Thank you all indeed very much for coming. We're we're very pleased with with how many people we're seeing online today The recording of this webinar will be put up on the IEA's YouTube channel where you'll be able to view it for the rest of time And of course as I've mentioned previously We have a host of analysis advice research Publications available training as well on the IEA website and do keep an eye out for those high-level events that we've mentioned In the coming months particularly the ninth annual global conference on energy efficiency from the 21st to the 23rd of May in Nairobi And I think I will close