 Yeah, so Yeah, my name is Susanne. Yeah, I'm Stefan and we're working at automotive supplier company Which has been doing software for automotive for some time As you can see some major brands Yeah, let's get to the next slide and we are working in one domain We're having different domains like navigation and so on but I won't talk about this right now We are walking into the main which deals with electronic control units Electronic control units you can see it one on the right hand side. It's a rain and light sensor It's a very simple device to control you windshield wipers. It's just rain So these are very very tiny devices. So in the past So it is for example if we talk about the basic software running there which we develop processes about 150 size and thousand lines of code and We've roughly been developing this for ten years now It's about 50 developers. So this is if you talk about the codes that runs on the device This is about 300 lines of code per developer. So very small. We know every bit and We doing updates only in the garage. So but let's get to the next slide There is some rules we have to stick in this domain Like spies miss where which is the sea routes and I saw 2626 to It's about functional safety a very hot topic at the moment and Currently if you look at cars that are here in the field nowadays save large networks of maybe a 60 plus electronic control units for motor control for breaking for power steering and so on but we still Are in this domain where we know each bit and each line of code and there is no unused code And for example our operating system is highly configurable and it will generate code which is optimized according to the configuration Yeah, and and one key thing here is that when you have all these systems in the car Then you have suppliers working together and all these standards had been invented Because people thought this is how we need to organize the collaboration of a lot of people and Yeah, so Okay, so big questions. How does this domain? This is electronic control unit main go together with open source so and Open source got into it and many of you will know that because I mean first people used open source tools like pearl or like Python and make to to generate code and so on the code generation side They started doing open source and then they realized oh, there are cool libraries that we could use inside the car and then the fun begin Okay, I've already mentioned miss ma miss. What is a guideline for C programming and There are a few odds and ends to it like for example size one rule Which means basically you must not use go-to On the right-hand side you can see is this is a one function from the Linux kernel and yeah, so go-to is out there and another of my very famous Favorite rules for miss where is you must not use pointer arithmetics and the only valid form is array indexing And of course if you look at the Linux kernels and you're totally out and the problem in this domain is that There's a house own belief that you must not have miss for violations Misser violations treated equally as a buck So if you look at just this function, so this is according to the point of view of the motive domain This is really buggy software and once upon a time an organization But what's interesting using the Linux car that's called again, yeah and They have applied a miss word tool miss a checker to the Linux car You must know to this miss what checkers are really expensive stuff So you've got five digit yours per annual license for this tool and they thought oh Yeah, let's apply some of course. They got millions of bucks that they found As I thought well, we've got this community and we are doing some a big favor We have this rep out here with all these boxes millions of bucks. We give it to them They will certainly start fixing right away No, you can imagine what happened Okay another thing is if you're talking about The automotive domain we are talking about spies and about processes on the right-hand side You can see one thing that is always Together with spies. That's a we model If you look at the left-hand side of the we model This is very much looks like a waterfall model and you need to do all of the stuff At the top down to the bottom before you can even start with the implementation So once again a big question does this work for open source source projects. We have got the code first Yeah, okay. Finally. There's also legal aspects involved and I just start with another funny story I'm maybe some of you as the elder ones of you still remember SEO versus Unix So back in the days this made quite some waves And it even hit legal departments of automotive Suppliers say heard about this and open source often Oh, sir lawsuits going on and I was forwarded one way from a legal Department back in 2005 or 2006 I don't remember exactly and it stated pretty much you must not use any open source Software in all of your project You must cease to use it immediately until there is clearance for from the board of directors Yeah, and that was also in the in all departments also in the tooling anywhere. So but times have changed So anyhow, what's also a thing is that and that is actually That is actually something that we need to work with open source community on this is so gpl3 has these anti-televisation classes where they say okay We want to be able if you buy a device in this open source software free software in there You should have the freedom to modify the device So now I buy a car and I buy in that car there's a steering control and Do I want every mechanic to be able to modify the steering control? Not sure, you know because then the car manufacturer can blame the mechanic and can say anybody could have modified your car We don't know we're out of the game. So for liability reasons you need to have secure boot On on such things and that is a that is an area of tension. I don't have a solution, but there's a problem And then also inside the company, you know, you go they come from patents and they come from the intellectual property world And you go out there and you say folks We need a community license agreement to to to be signed and we have our we need to have clearance for our engineers to just contribute We can't have every single patch reviewed. So this is painful inside the companies But it's making slow progress and then you also have to follow the rules and make the proper attribution For licenses in so when you when you own your car that you click in there and that you realize Oh in the engine. There is some BSD software and these are the authors But anyhow This exclamation mark is important We we we want to have open source software more in the car not just only in the middle console in the human in the in the unit in the head unit but also in the in the deeper systems and Why is that? Well cars shall not kill people Okay, and So there is actually in the automotive industry There's this effort of getting to getting to zero death. So this is a poster from Africa and They have posters all over all over the world like South America's North America's Asia Europe different problems but the tenor is with intelligent cars we can we can solve this and We can solve this hopefully and and so a car is transforming into being like a mobile on wheels and smartphone on wheels actually and You expect it to be like that you expect it to be current up-to-date with software and how do you get that going and so The open source community actually has a lot of experience with that, you know, so Like getting security updates out Debian does it Open Susa Fedora and and all the Enterprise Linux distributions So they get the time from we identify a bucket open source community We get it to the people doing the base operating system We get it to those integrating it with functions. We get it signed off with the vendor and we get it out, you know They get that done within something like two three five weeks and the automotive industry goes like well a software update We do it every half a year at most and and there are reasons for that like the winter drive and homologation So in the project that we're currently working on We have to have things ready before winter because then they're built into a car and driven around all over all over Finland In at mean is 30 or minus 40 centigrade to show that the software works And so We also have these processes like spice, right where we said we have this Waterfall model and then there is the old saddle where Automotive vendors try to get the kernel approved for safety functions in the car and The idea is you look at you look at the kernel process the kernel development process and you realize Every each of these things is actually done in the kernel community. It's just the chronology the chronology They don't start with a design They start with what do we need and then they dig into implementation and rough sketches and napkins and let's discuss this and toss For us back and then at the end when you look at patch series Everything is in there in the patch series. There's why do you want to do it? Which systems are touched how do they interact and then everything is formally specified in the ISO defined See specification language. I love it so and then in the cars we Then in the cars what's also happening is that they move together all the all the semi-smart Control units they smooth they move together all the intelligence into very few central ones only the airbags and such really life critical things They remain self-contained and interconnected in our network and all the rest actually moves the intelligence into central computers and The sensors and the actuators remain become Less smart and cheaper because I mean you buy a car some million times Or sell it so if all these yellow ones become cheaper then the whole car becomes cheaper and That means that you need to create virtual ECU is inside Inside the inside the complex one. So you have these systems on a chip this I mean, you know the socks and Where you consolidate safety related stuff and classic the automotive operating system and then Linux systems with an open-source hypervisor and Well, I didn't know before I joined them So I worked with a Linux company for years and then I joined the automotive industry something like three-quarters of a year ago what I didn't realize before was that Companies like continental they buy more chips than anybody else and and and build it into something so Getting open source. This is for example, this is Also from Osado, how do we get safety into Linux functional safety into Linux make lives depend on Linux and Doing this is is is a struggle at all ends, but it's fun. So Thank you, thanks for your attention. Do you have questions? Yes, oh we're So a little bit is is actually member of Yeah, so the question was if an Electro bit wants to join Good question so the question is if Electro would join a GL and Start to contribute code. So are all continental. So actually continental and Electro bit are members of a GL and members of Jenny V and Also Linux foundation Linux foundation as well the Linux foundation and when it comes to contributing code We have one first patch upstream in the kernel with an Electro bit email address 45 45 so it's slow and as I said I I mentioned the legal part. It's We need brains inside the company who help us Propagate the idea and we're working on it Thank you, there's a thumbs up for the guy who asked the question. Yeah Yeah Gp3 does Gp3 and this is that so the question was Gp3 only forces you to provide the source but not to modify be able to modify Gp3 Has an anti-terrorization clause which requires you to be able to deploy your new software into the device that you bought Yeah, that I can do it. Yeah, I get this and that's that's a problem. So thank you very much time is out. Yeah