 Okay. Good afternoon everyone. I hope you can hear me loud and clear. I hope I'm audible to all of you. Okay. Well, I'm Miss Lili Tishi from the Department of Economics. I'll be moderating to this session. Well, I welcome you all to the webinar session, which is organized by the Department of Economics on the topic, Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Naglin's Economy. COVID-19 pandemic, it's not just a health crisis, as it has disturbed the political, social, economic, religious and financial structure of the entire economy. So to flatten the curve, Naglin has implemented lockdown on the first March. Due to which most of the economy's activities stand still, and it has greatly affected the various sections of our economy. So today, our presenters will be sharing their view on how this pandemic has affected our Naglin's economy. So, without taking much time, I will introduce you the presenters for today's webinar session. First, we have Sol Tusi, BA Economics, for the semester. He'll be sharing on how COVID-19 pandemic has affected the agriculture and allied activities. Second, we have Sean Croy-Konyuk, BA Economics, second semester. He'll be sharing about how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the migration and leads to the displacement of labour. So, next, we have Sintimlo Nuli, BA Economics, second semester. He'll be sharing on Impact on Unemployment. Next, we have Dengel Pong, BA Economics, for the semester. He'll be sharing on how this COVID-19 pandemic has affected the health and health sectors in Naglin. Last, but not least, we have Kolinto A Tusi, sixth semester. He'll be sharing on how this pandemic has affected the tourism and hospitality industry in Naglin. We will be taking the question towards the end of the session after all the presenters present their presentation. So, without further ado, give time to the first presenter that is Sol Tusi. You can take the time if you're here. Hello, everyone. Good afternoon. Now, I will be talking about analysis of COVID-19 pandemic on the Naglin economy and the road ahead. And the subject that I've got is about agriculture. So, I'm going to talk about agriculture. Naglin is predominantly an agrarian economy with 70% of its total population depending on agriculture. Agriculture accounts a significant share in Naglin's economy. It contributed 27.47% to the stats total GSTB that is crossed that domestic product during 2018 to 2019. However, due to this lockdown, Naglin's revenue has been severely affected. So, the Naglin government now focuses on agriculture to revive its economy. The government led by CM is looking forward to become self-realized in terms of agricultural production and to reduce its dependence on Sunder and Stett. And this COVID-19 outbreak has given us a lesson that we should take farming more seriously. Naglin has got 16,000 square kilometers of fertile hills and favorable climatic conditions. So, we've got enough land to cultivate that we don't have to depend on other stats for agricultural production. And as we all know that all other sectors are sys or health at this moment. And we know many migrant workers, those who are working outside our stats, they have returned back to Naglin. So, when they were working outside our stats, of course, they were earning dear and they were spending dear. However, they contribute a little share in our economy. But now due to this pandemic, they have returned back to Naglin. And these all small factors, these are affecting our economy. And we also know that in Naglin, we don't have industries. So, now in this situation, agriculture is the only way to revive our economy. The Naglin government, which is facing a financial crunch in the wake of lockdown, has focused on strengthening the agriculture and allied sector to revive the stats economy. And government has been trying very hard to revive our economy in many ways. And let me read out some examples. BJB Kisan Murja of Naglin launched Kharifrop seeds distribution among the farmers at its office premises on 28 May 2020. The seeds mostly of eggplant, bitter gourd, pumpkin, chili, and okra is distributed all over the state, self-reliant. Third, Damjan Imna Along, BJB president and minister of higher and technical education and tribal affairs. He challenged the people to go back to the soil, adding that the state should not be always at the back stage of performance in agree and allied sectors. Get back into Andy War of integrated farming. As stated by Sir Damjan Imna Along, if you want to eat pork, let us rear our own pigs. If you want to eat chicken, let us rear our own chicken. And to be healthy, we need good vegetables. So let us grow our own vegetables and let us be self-sufficient. Naglin government also developed 1,500 hectares of coffee plantation during lockdown. In conclusion, I would like to say that our economy is in depression. So you and I should contribute by giving more importance towards agriculture. The government is also working very hard to uplift our economy. But I must say it should also come up with more schemes in agricultural sectors so that our economy will be recovered again. Amid COVID-19 crisis and lockdown restrictions, agriculture is the best weapon to stand against hunger and poverty. So let us all work together in farming and grow our own vegetables to build stronger and more vibrant Naglin. Thank you. Thank you so much for your presentation. We will take the questions later. Shanque, you may take your time. Please, presenters, please take the time one after another. For you to interrupt, but your voice is not audible. Shanque, yeah, yeah. Shanque, can you hear me? Yes, I think there's a problem with your connectivity. We cannot hear you. So you can switch, turn off your video and we will, with other presenters, we will have you at the end of the presentation. You cannot hear you now. Okay, there seems to be a connected problem. Sorry for that. Thank you. Good afternoon, everyone. I hope my voice is audible. Well, my name is Sanque and I will be focusing on the topic of unemployment. Under this, I will be talking on how this present pandemic is leading to the rise of unemployment and how our state economy is being affected because of unemployment. Also, I will be highlighting on the importance of economy. And lastly, I will be citing some few measures to overcome the present crisis. But before that, I will give a brief introduction on the unemployment rate in Nagaland. Well, Nagaland has the highest unemployment rate among the state at any 1.4% with a population of only 20.63 lakhs. 30% of Nagaland population is comprised of youth. Out of these, 78,367 youngsters are unemployed at an alarming rate of 8.5%. Numerous determining factors contributed a lot of unemployment. But in a sense, but today, I will be focusing specifically on the cause of unemployment due to this present pandemic. So unemployment is defined as a situation in which the amount of working age is not able to get a job but like to in a full-time unemployment. Well, there are two sectors where people can get employed. They are formal sector and informal sector. Formal sector includes people working in civil services, public sector units, government service, school colleges, banks, etc. And informal sector includes people working as small farmers, street vendors, hawkers, golf players, lab brutes, adjacent red pickers, etc. So now, coming to the main points. We see that after the coronavirus outbreak, there has been an increase in unemployment and the economy of the state has come to a standstill. As consumers spending are likely dropping because people choose to stay at home or are ordered to do so and avoid public activities such as traveling, shopping, eating out, etc. And also businesses who are likely suspended or reduced operation both to help spread off the virus infection and due to declining demand. And as such, we see a rise of unemployment both from formal and informal sector. So taking some few examples from informal sectors like the street vendor, there are also facing a lot of difficulties to meet the necessities ever since this lockdown started because they are in no position to go from one place to another to sell their goods or say to advertise a product. And also some of them prefer to choose to stay at home for safety and some vendors have moved back to their hometown or state. And not only this but also the markets are open for a specific time that is from 9am to 12pm which is resulting to a less number of profit. So the vendors are either earning less profit or are unemployed due to this pandemic. Again, taking the example of people working in construction sites, example a bridge, roads, buildings, etc. have also lost their jobs as most of the constructions are put at risk due to this pandemic and as such half of the laborers have to move back to their state and sell their food, shelter and safety because when there is no work there is no money and tasks leading to unemployment. There are also some few people who run through garbage bins to pick out rags for their livelihood. So we can imagine that because of this lockdown or because of this pandemic, they are in no position to carry out their job as such leaving them unemployed because they are not earning anything during this pandemic. The best example we can take from formal sector is education in schools and colleges because education in every sense is one of the fundamental factors for economic development. No country or state can achieve sustainable development without making substantial investment in human resources because education in ratios, people's understanding of themselves and of the world. But again, because of this current pandemic, we witness a huge gap in education as the state is predominantly rural with at 2.26% of the population living in rural areas. Most students cannot get access to e-learning because of poor connectivity of network and also not all schools and colleges in Nagaland facilitate e-learning thus making education more challenging. And as such it is believed that if this pandemic continues for a longer period there might be a potential for increased drop out rates which will proportionately affect the economy. No, how unemployment affects the state economy is because when a high level of unemployment exists, locally or nationally, economy growth suffers because consumers save more money and devote less of spending outside of the bare minimum, such as food, health and servicing debt, which disadvantage other business who depends on consumer sales to stay open and bear vendors. Not only this but unemployment also lower GDP for the economy affects political instability, creates social problems, increases poverty and losses human resources. Which is why the economy of the state is important for many areas of society because it can help improve living standards and make society a better place or it can also make things worse. It also controls production, distribution, consumption and consumption of commodities. Economic development if done effectively works to retain and grow jobs and investment within a community. So basically when the economy is down it could mean you will earn less money. When people are out of work or earning less money they may not be able to pay their bills. This can cause people to go into debt or even lost assets such as house or girls. As people and business stop spending as much, the stock market may also have losses. Now coming to the end, here are some measures that a government can take to overcome the present crisis. Point one, create awareness among the existing schemes, loans, grants, aid and programs for youth employment and also increase job opportunities for the youth. Point two, eradicate illiteracy by compulsory education system for every citizen and also for writing skills for various jobs options to eradicate employment. Point three, lower interest rates, reduce the cost of borrowing and increase consumer spending and investment. Point four, rescheduling bank loan, repayment cycles for self-help groups and individual agricultural debtors, direct financial assistance to self-employed workers, small business, house and young startups, entrepreneurs. The government can also do so by strengthening health system financially, that is strong financial supporting for health systems to ensure that health workers are paid salaries and health facilities have the reliable funding and need to purchase essential medical supplies. The removal of financial barriers to provide free testing and care for coronavirus patients regardless of insurance. Because high GSTP cannot solely measure the growth of the state, the quality of jobs, livelihood and overall development matters for economic growth and development. So in conclusion, I would like to say that the state needs to take a serious look at the present scenario and think of serious remedial measures to meet the memo problem of unemployment. That's all. Thank you. Thank you, Sentinel, for sharing us the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on unemployment and also sharing us the measures to solve this problem. Okay, next we have Denja Pombe, BF4 semester. Yes, Denja, you can take the time. Hello, everyone. Out of the ball. Okay, respected all the faculties and all my dear colleagues, today I will be speaking on the topic impact of COVID-19 pandemic on health in Navelin. Since we have limited time, I will be in particular focusing on the health status of Navelin to the COVID-19. Before I start, let me give a few introduction about health. As we all know, health means the state of being free from illness or injury. Better health is central to human happiness and well-being. It also makes an important contribution to the economic progress as healthy populations live longer and are more productive. Now, coming to the point, before the emergence of the COVID-19 into the state, it was alertness and awareness. However, with the coming of the more people or more stranded people into the state, the maintenance of our health has become excessively important. Because of which the government and other several NGOs are enforcing several guidelines into our everyday activities, like movement of vehicles into both an even number, and wearing of masks has become compulsory and keeping social distancing, and even without the involvement of the government, different organizations, like churches, councils in villages or towns, are taking initiative to contain the spread of the virus. All such things are done in order for the safety of our society. Till today, as per the data released by the Health and Welfare Department, the reported cases in our state stands at 622, out of which the total active cases are 391 and 231 have so far recovered. Thus, it is clear that the positive cases in our state are increasing day by day. However, it can be said that the number of recoveries tends to surpass the number of active cases. Even while most of the advanced countries across the world are fighting to contain the spread of this state virus, our state is considered fortunate, because most of the infected patient falls under the category of asymptomatic, means that the patient does not exhibit any symptoms of the disease. According to the expert, the most important factors to the high recovery rate in our state are age, healthy immune system, geographic and environmental factors. Dr. Atso Garutso, who is treating COVID-19 patients at COVID-19 hospital in District Hospital, Coima, said that the most important factor to the high recovery rate in this state is because most of the infected patient falls under the category of middle age, that is at the age of 17 to 44 years, at the age where a person has a strong immune system. And he also added that the patient do not have any other associated infectious except COVID-19. Thus, it is clear that the new coronavirus has affected people held in more than one. With rates in positive cases each day, people are facing stress, anxiety and worry for different reasons. The frontline workers are the most stressed out, compared to those people at home, because they are exposed to most challenging occupational dykes like violence, distress, death and all those negative or big city comments. In conclusion, I would like to say that this pandemic has affected people emotionally, physically or mentally in some way or another. However, it is never too late to bring a change by educating people or by creating awareness. And by following the protocols and guidelines issued by the government and other serial organizations for the safety of our state. Thank you. Thank you, Denja for your presentation. Yes, as you have said, a healthy citizen will make a strong economy. For the economic activities, it's very essential for a country to have a strong human resources. So thank you for your presentation. Okay, next we have Colento Hishi. Be economics fix fifth semester. Colento, you can take your time. Hello, good afternoon to you all. The topic of my presentation will be on tourism and hospitality industry and how this COVID-19 pandemic has affected our national economy. Now, before we can proceed into our main topic, I will just highlight a few meanings of tourism and hospitality. So tourism, tourism is nothing but the movement of people from their normal places of residence to another place for a minimum of 24 hours and maximum of six months for the purpose of leisure, pleasure or business activities. Now, what is hospitality industries? Well, hospitality industries is a group of business that provides services to the customers, for example, lodging, food, beverages, sports, health, travel, arts, culture, etc. Now, let us go deep into tourism, the scope of tourism. So tourism is one of the ever-growing markets. Tourism in India has a very large market and it offers up to $247 billion contribution of GDP. Now, India ranks at the seventh position within the territorial boundaries of Asia. So India is in seventh position. And since my topic is regarding Nagaland, I will confine my presentation within Nagaland itself. So Nagaland has a wide variety of tourist places, mainly Kohima, Dimapur, Mokok, Chung, Moan, etc. So Nagaland does not lag in a tourism department. It has a wide variety of options, but Nagaland is very famous for Hornbill Festival. So I will confine my topic within Hornbill itself, citing as an example. According to my research and data analysis, I have found that more than 1.5 lakh people visit Nagaland for tourism. So Nagaland is also quite famous for Hornbill Festival. So that is one of the major contributions of tourism. So more than 1.5 lakh people visit Nagaland for this festival and it is also ever-growing. Since 2016 to 2019, there has been an increase in tourism. So that's a very good news for Nagaland. Unfortunately, due to the impact of COVID-19, such things have been affected. Now with that, I would like to set with an example. Now when people travel, there are two types of destination. The first one is the primary destination and the second one is the secondary destination. So primary destination is the place where you actually want to visit. And the secondary destination is the place that you visit before you actually reach the primary destination. So even within these two primary destinations and secondary destinations, people, businesses and other allied tourism activities can be done. So with the effect of this pandemic, we are not only in Nagaland, but all over the world, the tourism and hospitality department has been struck. Now, this is according to my opinion, but then I believe that tourism and hospitality department is the most affected area in economy because tourism and hospitality runs solely on the visit of people from domestic visits and the visits from abroad. So according to my findings, I found out that tourism and hospitality department is one of the most affected areas in the economy. So with this, I would like to conclude my presentation. Thank you for sharing us how the lockdown has affected the tourism and hospitality industry in Nagaland. Okay, next we have Sankwai Konier. Sankwai, if you are ready, you can take your time. Hello, it's my voice, Odevo. Hello. Yes, it's Odevo. Okay. All right. Sorry for the strip that I've cut before, but now let's carry on without wasting time. I'll be emphasizing on the sub topics called migration and displacement of labor and how it has affected the human resource and the economy. Generally, when we talk about COVID-19, it is infected almost every part of the world. India, the second most populated country, has still few cases regarding COVID-19, comparing to US and Europe. However, its economy has been contracting. Many still remain infected with only a few recovering from it. The impact of COVID-19 in India has been destructive and has proven to be a drastic loss for the economy. On 24th of March, 2020, when government ordered full national lockdown, many factories and so to say companies have been shut down. Many of the migrants had lost of income and uncertainty about their future. Following this, many of them and their families went home. Then they came back home. In response, Korman has taken some measures and arranged transport for them later. Many of the migrants have also died due to the lockdown. Reasons ranging from starvation, suicide, exhaustion, and denial of healthcare. Now, we have no reliable account of a number of people who are malnourished, hungry at different states, with no Russian card to even put in by the government. Now, when the Netherlands, the situation is going in and around, the people of the Netherlands have not faced much trouble with COVID-19, according to new states like Maharashtra, Gujarat, etc. But the economy is still saving its resources. Most of the migrants are displaced, and the country is still saving its resources. There are large number of migrated returning people, particularly leading to short, limited resources, which would supply a large number of population, for which there is an inflation in the marketing system. The announcement of lockdown has also affected some wages like construction workers and transporters, which include auto drivers and so on. And since most of them are migrated from other states, with the announcement of the lockdown and displacements of labor in the Netherlands, those outsiders have leaped to the lane directly, which has severely affected the economic growth of the malnourished. This could also be considered as the sole reason for economic decline in malnourished. Moreover, some expenses have also been made by the poor man for migrants by allowing them at some places, buildings, and some institutes. According to recent news from different districts, there are hundreds and thousands of migrants, televisions in every district, with no jobs, and simply just possibly trying to survive with whatever they have, with some savings, but which would possibly feed themselves for every country at the most. So in order to overcome such a pandemic situation, government has taken various steps. In recent observations in the Marble District, shops have been permitted to function with fixed timings set by the government, along with full precaution. The government has also provided food aid to the people, which could be assisted with Russian Park. Along with it, the government has also decided not to clear fairness allowance and fairness relief to the state government's servants up to January 2021. Thus, we can say that there will be a truly accruing days ahead for the people to recover such decisions, and such decisions could only be recovered when everything comes back to normal situations, along with government's initiative and coordination with certain leaders. Only then, we may appropriately see a sign of steady recovery in around three to four years, and it's not only being a part of India, there might be a side-by-side recovery when India as a whole recovers steadily. With this, I'd like to wind up. Thank you. Okay, thank you, Sankoe Konyak, for sharing your view on how this COVID-19 pandemic has led to the migration and displacement of labour and explaining to us how the government has taken various strategies to tackle this current crisis. Okay, now we will have the Q&A session. So if there is any question you can ask now, you can also put your question in the chat box, or you can unmute your mic and ask the questions to the presenters. Okay, if there is no question, we'll wrap up the session. Okay, thank you all the presenters for sharing your perspective on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the migrants' economy, and also I hope that our economy will revive again. The unlock process has already begun, and hopefully by next year our economy will be big on trade. Thank you everyone for joining us to the session. It was lovely having the session together. Thank you.