 The study found that healthcare providers in South Africa face many challenges when it comes to providing patient-centered care for those living with both type 2 diabetes and HIV. These include structural issues such as staff shortages, lack of guidelines for managing comorbid conditions, and fragmentation of care, as well as patient-related factors like poverty, language barriers, and missed appointments. To address these challenges, healthcare systems should ensure that appropriate multidisciplinary guidelines for managing comorbidities exist, make sure that these guidelines are known and accessible, strengthen primary healthcare clinics, train medical practitioners on patient-centered care and structural competency, and understand patient challenges to effective care in order to improve attendance and adherence. This article was authored by Edna N. Bossier, Emily Mendenhall, Shane A. Norris, and others.