 Hello, and welcome to this event entitled Libyan General Elections 2021, a discussion series with Libyan leaders. This event is offered in both English and Arabic. On the event page, please choose the player that works best for you. The event is also being live streamed and recorded. I am Michael Yaffe. I am the Vice President of the Middle East North Africa Center here at the United States Institute of Peace, USIP. For those of you who attended prior USIP events, let me welcome you back. And for those of you who are new to USIP, welcome and permit me to say a few words about the Institute. USIP was created by an act of Congress, the US Congress in 1984 to serve as an independent nonpartisan institution dedicated to peace building, particularly the prevention mitigation and resolution of violent conflict. We conduct research training and convening and working conflict zones around the world with a presence in 16 countries. USIP has been working in Libya since 2012, where we conduct research for informing policymakers and practitioners about conflict related issues, and to help build a local peace infrastructure by strengthening the capacity of key stakeholders, including women and youth and institutions like the Ministry of Justice. USIP recently began a project with funding for the United States State Department to increase election security by working with the Ministry of Interior to strengthen the police's ability to partner and problem solve with local communities. In light of the upcoming elections set to begin later this month. Today's event is a timely conversation with Mr. Abdul Majid Saeed Anasir. This event is the fourth in a series of moderate discussions USIP is hosting to provide a neutral platform for Libyans seeking to play a critical role, including potentially higher office in a future permanent government recordings of the previous interviews with Mr. Abdul Majid Bashaga, Fidel Wameen, and Arif Ali Naid, excuse me, are available at the USIP website. The elections scheduled for the end of December are not just any elections. They will provide Libyans with an opportunity to have their say in representative government, including the first elected president in Libya. The elections are fair and safe will be very important. For those of you who are interested in learning more about preventing election violence. We would like to invite you to take a one of USIP online courses on the subject. It's available through the online global campus at www.usipglobalcampus.org. Funding election violence, full length and microcourses are available in English and are free. An Arabic version will be coming online very soon. And anyone who is interested in having that course in Arabic now should reach out to us at academy at usip.org. To address the beginning of the journey to set Libyans on a path to deal with complex issues of governance and sovereignty. Issues like the presence of mercenaries in the country. Foreign medley, institutional disunity, minority inclusion, transitional justice, and other matters are to be decided by a representative government. In the spirit of fostering dialogue, each speaker we host in this series is given several minutes to provide opening remarks where they can address some of these issues, after which I will ask them questions in order to explicate their positions and views. I would try to ask the same questions to all the speakers, so people can hear and compare their unique responses. After that, I will turn to the audience members for their questions. To the audience watching online, we encourage you to send questions to Mr. Anasar through the chat box, and we will try to get as many questions as possible. Now, I am pleased to introduce Mr. Abdul Majid Saeed Anasar. Mr. Abdul Majid was born in Sabah in 1957. He is one of Libya's most prominent politicians from the Awad Sula Sula main tribe, one of the largest tribes in the south. Mr. Abdul Majid is a former member of the National Transition Council and served as Libya's ambassador to the Kingdom of Morocco between 2014 and 2018. He was recently endorsed by Libya's House of Representatives as ambassador extraordinary and both plenary to the Kingdom of Morocco and the Maghreb region. And with that, let me turn the floor over to Mr. Abdul Majid and we look forward to your opening remarks, sir. Thank you very much. And I thank USIP and for the organizers and for the project manager for this invitation. I am Abdul Majid Saeed Anasar. This is just to clarify the name. And I would like to thank USIP for their interest in Libya and for their support to provide or to reach a peaceful solution to Libya and to put an end to violent conflicts. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Well, you know, why don't we begin the first set of questions which actually I wanted to raise about the elections themselves. What is your assessment from whether the elections will happen on time or not on time, noting that there are presidential elections at the end of this month, and hopefully soon thereafter will be parliamentary elections. First of all, everyone in Libya wants to see elections organized and happening as planned by the House of Representatives and by the Election Commission. But what is obvious is that there are certain shortcomings, certain challenges that are undermining the process and that will maybe lead to conflicts and I think everyone needs to accept elections. We don't need elections that lead to division or lead to disruption following these results. So we need elections that lead to stability and peace and we see that the commission is taking a lot of time to issue the lists. And we would like or we wish that they can speed up the process and issue the electoral lists so that we can move to the electoral campaigning and ensure that the elections take place on the right time. We ultimately hope that these elections will be held without blood, without division, and we wish that we ensure a rotation of power and that's what Libyans wanted and called for back in February 2011. So we wish that the objectives and goals of the February Revolution be achieved and to hold free and fair elections and pray to God that he shows us the right path towards the right and free and fair elections. Well, great. Thank you. Well, as I mentioned in my opening remarks and you just referenced now, obviously there's a lot of concern about potential for violence around the upcoming election cycle. I was wondering if you could kind of explain or your views on what do you think are the drivers of potential violence. And then what are the measures that can be taken to ensure a peaceful election cycle. Yes, in order to have, or to ensure free and fair elections, we need to have Libyans who are keen on the interests of Libya, and we need to have people who have, who have been militants before the February Revolution. We need, we don't need, and Libya does not need controversial people. We want also the House of Representatives to amend the law in order to have things back on track. And what is very important also is that everyone accepts the results of elections. I think getting into elections while there are skepticism and there are concerns about the acceptance of the election results would not lead us to a good, to good process and to a fair and free elections But continuing, you know, again, you know, do you see, what do you see as the drivers that could potentially cause this to be a violent election. And again, what things could be done to make sure that those things are being handled in the right way. I want to start with a mutual different question if you will. So, obviously, sorry. The elections, I think we should not look at them. But elections should open our path for the future. We should not look to the past. Libyans will not accept to go back to the past. We have given hundreds of martyrs to create a new system of governance. But the problem is that we have people now who are trying to revive the old regime and the old political system. The people who run for these elections should be convinced of the February revolution and our youth have sacrificed themselves for this moment. I should not betray them and we should not change our skin in favor of controversial people who are trying to revive the past and revive the old regime. We are seeing them now in Libya to trying to revive the old flag and the old governance system. But this will not take place and people have sacrificed their lives to reach this moment and we cannot allow for Libyans or Libya to go back to the past. There is a voice cut from the source. We can't hear the speaker. Well, okay, we're having a little technical issue here, so we'll see if we can... Mr. Abdu, can you hear me now? Mr. Abdu, can you hear me? Sorry, sir, can you hear me now? Mr. Abdu, can you hear me? Mr. Abdu, can you hear me now? Yes, now. But I did not complete the answer for the first question. He's saying that he did not finish responding to the first question. Yes, so he can please continue. It looks like our technical problem has been solved. As I said, in order to ensure free and fair elections, we have to ensure sound basis, sound grounds for elections. We should not look to the past, try to revive the old regime. We should work on implementing what has been the aspiration of Libyans and Libyan Martyrs to reach this moment. And I think the end of the interim phase and the inauguration of a new system of democratic governance in Libya is a success for the revolution. Thank you. I apologize for the technical problems we're having. I hope we can keep moving on. So, sir, let me be quite bold here and just ask you, are you running for presidency? Are you running to be Libya's first elected president? No. Yes, yes. So, so let me carry that forward, that being forward. So if you become Libya's first elected president, what is your general vision for Libya? How do you foresee your role as a leader in the country? Do you have a general philosophy with regard to leadership in general? First of all, if God allows me to become the president of free and united Libya, I will work on social and national reconciliation. How can that be achieved through amnesty, through reparation and through restoration of stability in Libya? Libya is a tribal community, but a very strong and united community, so we have to go back and revive that unity, that harmony between tribes and also gather or take arms that are scattered all over the country now and get them under the control of the state. Also, get rid of the mercenaries and armed groups that infiltrated Libya, so these troops and these forces should be deported and should be repatriated to their countries and the control and the security of the country should be under the control of the state, and nothing but the state. Also, to take care of those who led the revolution, the revolutionaries, thanks to whom the revolution succeeded and these revolutionaries were responsible for the inception of the revolution. It was not the NATO as people are claiming, but they were true Libyans and the cities that were under the tyranny of Gaddafi were suffering and that's why other countries intervened to continue with the revolutionary path. However, these countries that also interfered in Libya should also leave Libya to take its security under its control and also, as I said, collection of weapons and arms with the establishment of a strong police and strong military in Libya that are loyal to Libya and not to people or to individuals and these revolutionaries are ready now to enroll in state institutions and the police and the military and some countries and some individuals are trying to put an end to this revolutionary path but they will not succeed ultimately. Thank you. Thank you. You actually anticipate some of my questions with regard to what you would do with regard to the mercenaries and to the foreign fighters. But let me return back to this issue of reconciliation that you first started to get and ask you particularly about questions related to transitional justice. There is a real lack of clarity in the direction of transitional justice in in Libya right now. Some people say that they should be a general amnesty, so that Libyans can move forward to that. Let me clarify. Maybe I'll try to anticipate the question. What cannot be the president of Libya that is divided or that is supported by foreign forces or foreign countries and foreign mercenaries Libyans should be in charge and should be responsible for the peace and stability of the country. And this is why I anticipated the question. This is primordial. This is very essential. Please, if you may continue with your question. Thank you. Thank you for that clarification. I was talking about transitional justice and the notion of that some people are in favor of a general amnesty for Libyans so they can move forward without relitigating the past. And others advocate for a truth and justice center kind of approach where perpetrators of human rights abuses are held accountable and victims feel that justice has been served. What is the path for transitional justice in Libya in your view. Reconciliation and transitional justice are closely related to each other, along with reparation when we say reconciliation we need to focus on amnesty, reparation, and to give favor to victims because by doing so we will have a unified Libya. So our reparation and the giving back of grievances to people. This can lead to total reconciliation. Of course this should be monitored by the next Libyan government should proctor should monitor this entire reconciliation and the justice process. If we just focus on the past grievances that we will not move forward as you said sir. That's why we need to forgive. We need to be indulgent to be tolerant. We need to forgive each other, not forgive colonizer or people who have vandalized or destroyed Libya, Libyans between each other can forgive each other. We have been many political conflicts and social conflicts, and in order for a new Libyan fight Libya we need to put the past site and move forward. Thank you. In your responses so far you talk a lot about unity, unity of the Libyan people. I'm wondering what are the things that you would put into place as the first elected president that in terms of building a culture of unity the symbols of unity to increase a national order and national unity amongst the various parts of Libya. First of all, on the countries that entered Libya legally with legitimacy and without legitimacy should leave Libya. Secondly, all missionaries who are assigned in Libya in this proxy war should also leave Libya. We need to sit together only Libyans because we are siblings, we are members of the same family. However, there are many external forces trying for Libya destabilization and they agree upon this stability outside of Libya. They have good commercial relationships, but once they enter Libya they start conflicting with each other, but once they leave it they have a commerce between each other, they speak to each other, they sign agreements. That's why we need to, for all of these forces to leave Libya and to let Libyans take care of their own businesses by themselves. I think anyone who enters Libya will be of course excluded from any future agreement, from any future dialogue. These external forces used Libyans, they paid money and they used Libyans just to destroy Libya, mainly the revolutionaries of February. Many people distorted the good image of the Arabs being distorted, the image of February. That's why they need to leave Libya. We don't want to have the Egyptian maybe or the Tunisian example. We didn't have police or military or the army to protect Libya as the other neighboring countries. We were alone just in the forefront with these external forces, but God willing and with the help of the new independent and the free president of Libya will unify again Libyans. Thank you and to follow that up, I'm wondering what your view is on with regard to previous agreements that were signed by the GNU, the GNA with foreign governments, including things like the Maritime Boundary Treaty. Would you continue to honor those or would you seek to renegotiate or how would you handle those previous agreements? Of course, all agreements all over the world are signed by the president or by the prime minister, but should be, should gain the approval of the House of Representatives of the parliament. However, Libya, we had two governments, two prime ministers and they disagree. So every government or every parliament in the past asked the help of one external force. So all these external forces that entered Libya, we need to ask them, why did you come to Libya to give us medicine, to give us drugs, to give us food to help Libya, or to just to sell weapons or to nurture sedition in Libya. That's why all the agreements that were signed for the destruction of Libya should not be continued. But when it comes to the support or assistance from some countries who really intended to help Libya, of course, we need to respect these agreements and we can ask for reconciliation. So instead of bringing investments to Libya, they brought ammunition and weapons. There is now a victorious party over the other parties. There is one unified and independent Libya. Okay, thank you. I want to return to the theme of unity. We got a question from our audience already and I'm going to incorporate that into my own question with regard to how will you basically help to unify the government in particularly taking control of the National Army militia and what would be your approach to bringing unity amongst those types of elements of the government and non-government entities. So let me ask the question. We don't have militias in Libya or gangs. We have revolutionaries and without them we would have returned to their first stage. We have revolutionaries and mercenaries. We have revolutionaries who protected Libya in the difficult moments, but Libya witnessed it in Tripoli, in Sabha, in the Benghazi, and without their help would have had the restoration of the former regime of Gaddafi regime. Our army and these revolutionaries curbed the spread of mercenaries. However, when it comes to mercenaries, once we have a unified army in the south, in the north and in the east, they will leave and will be expelled from Libya in just one month. And I say one month and all the countries that came to Libya as France, but France to bring weapons and ammo will be expelled as well. However, the other countries who brought investments will be maintained and supported by Libya. And the countries that supported or helped the destruction of Libya in the future, we will deal with them as equal countries. If we have commercials, we will not favor them. We will consider them as just commercial or trade rivals as equal to equal countries. For example, Europe is full of different countries and the Africans who fled Africa or Libya to Europe, we need to provide them with stability in Libya and in other African countries so that we can bring them back from Europe and they can restore their former lives. Thank you. Thank you. And then, in sticking with this issue of how to bring unity to Libya, I'm wondering how you would approach this idea of inclusiveness of minorities, particularly some of the tribes that are reflective minorities, not just an and also marginalized communities that have been traditionally marginalized in parts of the country. How would you bring all these people together, what is it that you will do as president to unite them. First of all, this, this is the policy of the former, of the former respective governments that they didn't take care of the different marginalized groups or the different groups or tribes in the past. And now we should no longer talk about minorities or marginalized communities that should be highly respected by the government we have at work and the table, they participate, participate into a February Revolution and during the former regime and they should be highly marginalized. And the non Libyan, the non Libyans and like Libyan tribes, like Amazon, like table like to work, this is their land, and they are equal to other Libyans and should be highly respected and maybe as a president I will give more respect to get more respect to minorities than the majority. I think by the week so we will have a stable Libya, Libya, Tripoli, Libya, Fadzan, Libya, all of these areas should, should coexist with each other, and it is amongst the main triggers the main drivers towards the unification of Libya. As I said, again, Libya should be unified. But of course, Libya without missionaries, without the countries that intend to bring destruction to Libya. We are working under the surveillance and the assistance of the United Nations and the other super power countries, and you are not living in an isolated island we live in the world and we should always work together. Thank you. As you talked about bringing together all the various parts of Libya I wonder though, as has generally been a common theme where power gets very centralized in Tripoli. And I wonder how you view the issue of centralization of power versus decentralization, how to distribute power throughout the country. And how would you do that in terms of making sure that to minimize the marginalization of areas that are previously been feeling marginalized, particularly like in the south. So our main symbol or a credo is no centralization, no fragmented Libya, just one Libya. So it is easier to defeat the centralization through municipalities, municipal councils, where you give them power or we work on the devolution of power from the center to the local. And also the ministries should, should have representatives in all Libyan areas, offices of every ministry in every Libyan area, in order to take care of all the problems and the specificity of every area. Moreover, these municipal councils should have their own independent budgets and their budgets should not come solely from Benghazi or Sabha or Tripoli and they should have their own independent budget they can make decisions on their own. So we need to have a technique of globalization in Libya. So the citizen who are living in remote areas can have his salary dispersed every month appropriately and normally and they should have all the public facilities and all the services delivered in this remote area. So when it comes to universities, the big university of the most important ones like med schools should be in all or in the main areas of Libya by doing so, we can have a unified Libya. Also, when it comes to schools, we need to have schools in all areas. Also, I have an idea is that, for example, in one area, will you create or establish a big med school or big primary or school where all Libyans can come there and study and meet with each other under the control of the representative of the government and by doing so all Libyans can come together can communicate. Great. Thank you. You mentioned a little bit before about relations, particularly with countries south of Libya and that raises a question about migration. And of course a number of arrests of migrants in Tripoli area, and has with human rights organizations have accused authorities of human right violations of the new government with regard to migration, and including how that is handled in areas where there has been political and economic marginalization, such as in the Fizan region. Migration has been a big problem in Libya, and Libya was not able to manage migration flows that brought many problems, many was very negative to our youth also countries did not help Libya manage migration. This migration also had bad repercussions on Europe and neighboring countries. So regarding migration, border guards should be empowered to work in the border areas should not be located or centralized in Tripoli or big cities. And those who are now helping the migration issues are the revolutionaries. They are managing migration if you go to the south, for example, you will see that revolutionaries from taboo from Twerg and some Arabs are managing migration and the state is not helping them. So our plan here is to have strong border guards presence in the border regions with a strong budget to manage and to counter a regular migration, a regular migration has put Libya in a very bad place. And they are migration is bringing people to fight Libyans. So they have, we have to get rid of those who are thriving on regular migration, and also, as I said, the bigger picture working on the bigger picture like developing the sub-Saharan countries and African countries so that people would like to stay in these countries. And in Libya, once united, we will counter and manage migration by Libyans themselves, by Libyan citizens and not the military or the police. And it's very rare to see military or Libyan military or Libyan army managing migration or dealing with migration. It's the revolutionaries that are very courageously dealing with the regular migration. The head of the border guards in the south are understaffed, are under equipped, but they are doing a great job thanks to the revolutionaries. So I think what I need to say here is that we have to devote, we have to consider managing migration as a priority in Libya because it will help us restructure and rebuild the nation. Mike, please. We have a thank you for your answer. We have a question from the audience with regard to foreign affairs. I'll read it to you. It says Libyan needs international support for stability and development. From your point of view, which are the countries you would like to collaborate with and why. I am Libyan, free man, and I'm interested in the Libya and the interests of Libya. So we are ready to cooperate with all countries with all countries in favor of building Libya back so everyone who wants to help for the stability of Libya is welcomed. So we are going to collaborate with them like the United States, for example, which did not intervene in Libya in a bad way or with weapons. It interfered or it intervened in Libya for the interest for the best interest of Libya and many Arab countries also did the same. And those who took sides, either the east or the west have now the opportunity to get back to the right track because Libya does not need weapons does not need conflicts but needs development stability and so on and so forth. So we can see that thousands of Libyans have died from 2011. Some who are not interested in the stability of Libya will be countered and will be defeated because here we are only interested in Libya and we will be brothers to our brothers and friends to our true friends without discrimination and who are elected by Libyans will represent Libyans and we will handle other countries and other states as friends and as brothers and sisters. If these countries will choose side on against another side of course Libyans will counter them. So follow up you mentioned particularly the United States in that case but I'm curious to see if there are other countries that you would also be looking to specifically for assistance and development help. I have two categories of countries, there are countries which did not intervene in a negative way in the conflict in Libya but the countries that supported the conflict and provided weapons and personalities will have a different treatment and we will talk to them. We will ask them instead of weapons instead of fueling the conflict we want them to invest in commerce and business and in development. That's the way we will deal with countries so for the countries that did not intervene actively in the conflict and helped Libyans in the crisis that's easy to deal with them and for those which provided weapons we will tell them enough with that enough with the conflict and with the weapons but we will welcome them if they want to invest in education, in development, in the training of the military or the police or the rehabilitation of revolutionaries and thus everyone will benefit. Libya is a rich country and we are ready to collaborate with everyone, that's our policy good willing and we hope that even if other presidents are elected they will have the same policy and they will be interested in the stability on Libya. Libya is not ready for more destruction and if a country is trying to choose that camp or that orientation they will ultimately fail. Thank you, thank you. I wanted to return to the question that you talked about with regard to revolutionaries as you called them and the role that they have played in Libya's past. I wonder though how you would you have the relationship with those revolutionaries going forward in terms of, would you incorporate them into the police, would you incorporate them into the army. How would you handle that that type of development going forward. Marhaba. More technical problems here. We repeat the question and he will be answering now. Okay, great, thank you. Revolutionaries, as I said, have played an important role to lead the revolution of February and they played a significant role in this process and they will be treated very well. For those who want to enroll or to integrate the police and the army, they will help with that. And if, of course it depends on their credentials and their qualifications, you know, there are doctors and there are engineers. And they are part of the revolutionaries, and they have sacrificed a lot. So these doctors and engineers, if they want to have scholarships, scholarships to study abroad, we will help with that also. Some merchants or traders also, our business people, we will help them to build their businesses or to further develop their work. And those who want to, to rest, maybe they don't want to work in the police or the military, they will have a pension or like what what's provided for the ex veterans or for the last year combatant. So that's what we will do. But ultimately, we need to collect the weapons and to ensure the stability of Libya that no conflicts or no violence will erupt. And that's key, actually, to ensure also even the peaceful rotation and transfer of power. You know, also that some of them have lost their limbs, some lost their arms or legs, and their families are displaced. So we will focus on these people and we will establish an authority department that will take care of these people. And also the families of the martyrs. And even those who died while on the side of the former regime will take care of them. And they are all Libyans, ultimately, there is another important point that I wanted you to ask me to ask about which is the return of migrants, Libyan migrants abroad. And we have a plan for that we have a plan to ensure the return of Libyans who are imprisoned abroad, or Libyans who are fled their country, and we will promise that they can return to Libya safely and if they are serving sentences they can continue their sentences in Libya. Otherwise, they will be welcomed back to Libya. And for even for those who have have committed crimes that we can ensure and we will ensure that they will have a fair trial. But ultimately what I want to say, and my message is that Libya is a land of forgiveness, and it will welcome all its children, wherever they are. The February Revolution is a revolution of mercy, and the heroes of the revolution will accept and forgive others. So we will not, so we will continue with the same path in order to ensure a safe and free and independent Libya. Great thank you and thank you for approaching the subject of expat Libyans and their return. We only have a few minutes left but I wanted to go back to a question I had asked you in the beginning. And let me rephrase it just a slightly different which is about, if you become the first president. I wondered if you could give us some insight into the way you think about leadership in general, perhaps people that you admire who leaders in other circumstances. What are the, what are the things that influence you as a leader and build your philosophy as a leader. Are the existing leaders or the former leaders or past leaders. I'm just talking about people that have influenced you and influenced your thinking about leadership in general. Who do you admire. I think Idris, he was a great man, he worked under Bashir al-Sadawi who sacrificed his life for the independence of Libya and so Hamad bin Nasser, Omar al-Mukhtar and Saeed Latiyush. And also Gaddafi, we should not forget Gaddafi, not all that he did was drunk. Many of what he did Gaddafi was good. But the problem with Gaddafi is with his consultants, many of them were corrupt people. Also, we should never forget Mustafa Abdul Jalil who assumed the responsibility on February 17th, where now Libyan could fight for Libya at that moment and Mustafa Abdul Jalil assumed the responsibility and worked on the peaceful rotation of power. Now that February ended up in forming the National Congress where the revolutionaries and all Libyans from during the monarchy until February gave the power to the National Congress. So we should never forget the former Prime Minister who assumed the responsibility from February until present. Sorry, the sound is cut. Mr. Abdul Majid, can you hear me? I'm asking him if he can continue. So do you want me to give you examples of Arab leaders or international leaders or just Libyan ones? Well, I'm just asking about the people you most admire and how they influence your thinking. As I said, many Libyans, Mr. Aguila also was the speaker of the House of Representatives, Mr. Khalifa Hafter, of course they have directs and they have qualities. They are different members of the State Council, all Libyans who assumed the responsibility and hopefully they do not have any foreign agenda and they have loyalty just to God and Libya. And those who worked in the GNU and GNA in the Arab world, Sheikh Zayed maybe, and we need to salute him. We are working of Saudi Arabia. Also, we should never forget the role of Qatar who helped Libya tremendously. We should not also forget the role played by the United States, by Italy, Germany and many other European countries and I think the problem is not with mostly with these external countries but with Libyans themselves, whether Qatar or Saudi Arabia or Egypt or whatever. I can think Libyans themselves who had malicious intentions, malicious plans, not these countries, but any Libyan who served his country who supported Libya should be saluted, whether a Libyan leader or international leader. Thank you. Well, thank you. Thank you for providing the answers to so many questions today. I wonder if you had just, we only have a minute left. I was wondering if you had any last thoughts you wanted to convey right now. First of all, I would like to thank you for this opportunity and I'm asking God to support us and no one can deny the support and the role of the United States. I hope you provide peace not only to Libya but all the countries. Also, we should not forget to mention the role or responsibility assumed by revolutionaries. Libya is a generation of appraisings and all of these appraisings were led by Libyans, revolutionaries and since 2011 till today many people have given a lot to Libya. Unfortunately, not unfortunately, but I think it is a good thing. Libya is a country of the new thing, the new generations and new, new spirits and we hope to have in the near future spirits or new spirits and new generation of stability of peace of justice hopefully we're each to unify the Libya and their independent authority and power. Thank you so much. Thank you so much, sir for spending the time with us today. I'd like to thank a few people before we close out here for helping to organize today's event, particularly US IP's country director, Nate Wilson, Ezra El Bakush. This is Ali Ansari who helped to actually organize the actual timing for this event, and as well to the interpreters and to the AB staff for pulling this event together. As I mentioned, this is the fourth of our in our series of interviews with Libyan leaders. We look forward to holding future events in the near future with regard to further interviews with leaders from Libya. Thank you everybody for joining us, and wish you all a very good day.