 Madual 29 change in taste preferences and agricultural products छब हम दिसक्स करते हैं demand for agricultural products को तो उस्ती demand की determination में different factors कऱोल है उन्व्फलिड़को हम economic factors की under categorize करते में या हम उने non economic factors में categorize करते मैं छब हम केपते हैं ki economic factors ये mostly refer करते हैं उस product की prize को यह रेफर करते हैं उसे मिल्ती जुल्ती चीजों की प्राइसिज के साथ यह रेफर करते हैं के वटिस दी कंजुमर्स इंखम देकी जब आप नाँन इक्नोमिक फैक्टर्स की बात करोगें इस में हम बात करते हैं अबावोड कंपोजिशन अप दी पापूलेश्यां तो और वोड करते हैं लोगों के रहीं सहें की फिर साथ साथ, और कोझों से फैक्टरच अथ यह टेक्नोलगिकल फैक्टरक हा भी र dobreद्टान यह समें अदवीर्टाईट्टान ये जो सारे प्यक्टर्स हम ने लिस्ट किये, के जी पापूलेशन की खमपोजिशन किया है, लोगों का एटीटिटूर किया है, तुवर्ज, हेल्त, और नुट्रीशन, लोगों की फूर सेट्टी के बारे में क्या प्रसेप्ष्यन है, ये अटीटिटूर है, इन सब फैक्ट्टूर को हम क्या केटें, दीजार नुन इक्नोमिक पैक्टर्स, वायल प्राइस, औन प्राइस, प्राइस अप खमप्ट्ट्टूर, और और इक्नोमिक पैक्टर्स है, इस सारे को अंडर स्टन्ट करने के लिए, हम कोई भी एक अगरी कल्चल्ट्टूर कोन सेट्ट्टूर कर लिट्टें, स्पोस मैं कहत्ता हूँ, के जी वीर स्टर्टिंग, दीमेंड फार वीट बाई कनजुमर, कौन्ट्टी दिमेंड फार वीट किस चीस का फुंट्ट्ट्ट्टूर है, ची वत is the price of wheat in the market. वीट से रेटेद कोन से या इतम है, मेरी आजम्शन है, के जी राइस is an item that is very close related to wheat. वीट के people are using rice as a substitute of wheat. के if there is any change in the price of substitute, के if there is any change in the price of rice, क्या करेगा? वो आपकी गंदम् की दिमेंड को भी फैक्ट करेगा. फिर एक और चीज जो है, वो income of the consumer is also playing some role in the demand for wheat. जब हम बात करते है, change in taste and preferences it basically refers to all non-economic factors. अब दन एकनोमिक फैक्टर्स में पहला फैक्टर क्या था? आप हैल आप फैक्टर क्या ता? रज़न फैक्टर ृथिकुची. अंकुच अद इते कि दब कि इस फैक्टर की चीज रदना था? इस अप उस द़य आतिका. आप आ पापबबदती क्या दि्में है दब बी अप पहलीटुग करेंगा. अप भी भात करेंगा? अगर हम कुछ इस पैट्टन पर बात करने, कैजी जवान लोगों के बादनी में शेर जियादा है, तो क्या करेंगे, अगर मैंद भी पोस्ट्विबल, कैजी वो फास्ट वोड बरगर, पीजदा टाईप चीज़े इस्वाल वहांपे जियादा हो, अगर मेरी अजम्ष्यन है के in the population, kids जियादा है, बच्चों की तदाध जियादा है, तो क्या होगा, it might be possible there is increase in consumption of milk. So any change in the distribution of the population has some impact on the demand for commodities. Depending upon the nature of the commodities, what are the requirements of that particular age group. When we talk about attitude towards nutrition and health, people's attitude changes because of their attitude towards nutrition and health. When people were aware that smoking causes some type of adverse impact on their health. What will happen? There is decreasing smoking over a period of time. On the same pattern, if my assumption is that the demand for red meat is beef, what is happening because of it causes heart diseases, what will happen? Because of attitude towards nutrition and health, people will decrease the consumption of red meat. On the same pattern, I can also say that the soft drinks are also having negative impact on people's health. On the basis of medical research, again because of bad impact of soft drinks, because of health and nutritional concerns, there is decrease in demand for soft drinks. When we talk about food safety, we talk about pesticides and herbicide residues in crops. If a crop contains residues of pesticides and herbicides, people will decrease the consumption of that particular commodity. If I know that this particular livestock food contains antibiotics and hormones as a residues, I will not prefer to purchase that particular commodity. If I talk about two types of chemicals in the market, there are two qualities of milk in the market. One is that it involves certain types of the hormones, that have some negative impact on the health of the people. And what is that? That is pure organic milk. Milk that is desirable for the health of the people. So, on which side will we go? Because of the food safety concerns, if organic milk is affordable for me, I will try to purchase that particular milk, that is without hormones or any antibiotics. On the same pattern, if we talk about the lifestyle, because of changing the lifestyle of the people, there is change in demand for agricultural products. Historically, women's participation in labour force increases. Because of that increase in labour force participation, because of increase of women's participation in labour force, what happened? That demand for fast food increases. That women have no time to cook food at their homes. So, on which side did we go? That we increased demand for fast food. On the same pattern, if we talk about technology reference, because of availability of the technology, it might be possible there is decrease in household food preparations. You have ready to cook items available, what are you doing? We do not want to do that at home. Because of change in factors related to food safety, lifestyle and technology, there is change in preferences of the consumer. Now, if we talk about other factors, which affect the preference of the consumer, there is also advertising. Because of advertising and promotion, it might be possible there is increase in consumption of a particular category of food and lifestyle. For example, if I have an advertisement on this pattern, that organic food is very good for health, while inorganic food has adverse impact on the health of the people, then what will we do? Because of that particular influence of advertising, we will increase the consumption of organic food, if that food is affordable for me. What is advertising? You can say that it is a very big influencer in the market who motivates people to consume a particular category of commodity. Then we talk about because of advertising, what happened? There is increasing demand for packed food. If advertising is good for health, packed food is ready to cook, is it to cook, then what will happen? Because of that advertisement influence, people will move towards the packed food items. Then on the same pattern, demand for organic fruits and vegetables is also increasing. Again, what is the factor of advertising? Advertising will also play a role. At the same time, some health and nutritional impacts of organic food on the health of the people. Then when we talk, if I know that this is the milk that is free of hormones, what is available in the market? There are 5-7 brands available in the market, but there is only one milk that claims this is hormonal free milk. Where will I get awareness? Again from advertisement, because of that advertising and promotion, I will try to buy a milk that is free to hormones. In fact, all the non-economic factors will influence each other. Health safety is also coming along, your advertising is also coming along, it might be possible that health safety will motivate you and your advertising will take you on the other side, it might be possible it will create certain type of confusion among consumers. And what does rational consumer do? It always makes decision on the basis of available information. What will rational consumer do? He will choose only that particular combination, only demand for that particular commodity that will maximizes satisfaction. Thank you very much.