 We focus on the trade of illegally harvested products. And in the case of Peru, we're focusing on illegal logging and the trade of illegal logging in the country, but mostly the one that actually targets international markets. My presentation was focusing on the possibility of free trade agreements to be helpful on dealing with illegal logging or curbing illegal logging on the producer countries. So we have been working on Peru, on the context of the Peru-U.S. free trade agreement that has a new tool, which is called the forest annex. And the new aspect about it is that it has commitments from both countries in terms of improving the transparency, the anti-corruption, the participation on the Peruvian forest sector with cooperation from the United States. And the really innovative piece here is that this is not only a declaration, but it also is mandatory. So at the level that a violation of these commitments could bring trade sanctions. So this has been very useful for our policy work in Peru because it has been bringing policy attention, I mean national attention and political will to deal with problems that a few years ago were only concerning people who were really working in the Amazon. But it was a highly centralized country. And what happens in the rest, I mean in the Amazon, it's too far away from Lima, from the capital where all the decisions are being made. So having this threat of affecting a very important trade agreement for the country has been maybe the incentive we're missing to pay attention to this very important sector but politically abandoned before. At this moment it's only Peru and the United States and the important piece here is also, I mean not only improving the Peruvian sector and the transparency in the Peruvian forest sector, but also a very important piece of this is the ban on importing illegally harvested or illegally traded products onto the consumer country in this case the United States. But also at this point there's a new trade agreement, a regional trade agreement being negotiated called the Trans-Pacific Partnership and this involves 11 countries in the APEC region. It includes the United States, Peru, Canada, Mexico, Japan has just been incorporated and Australia, Brunei, Malaysia, Chile, I mean it might be leaving some countries out. But it's a very important trade agreement, it's focused on trade again, but it has an environmental chapter and we have been working for the last four years, it has been negotiated for four years now to incorporate a legality verification piece which means to close the markets for illegally harvested or illegally traded products. So this means that even if a producer country is doing all that it can to control illegal logging, if something comes out it won't have a market to go in, that's the idea. I mean that the countries will not allow illegally harvested products in their frontiers. So this is targeting consumer countries to support the efforts that producing countries are already doing. It is, especially because normally the negotiators' disagreements are people focused on trade. So they don't really have their minds on environmental issues, but I think that this is growing. At the beginning of the negotiations four years ago, the LAC Act, which is allowing this sense, was just starting, we didn't have the EU-TR yet, I mean the European Union Timber Regulation Australia. So this has been growing, this is a trend in the international markets. So at the beginning people were not understanding what we were talking about, but after four years and with all these new tools coming into place, the last round of negotiations that was in Lima was the 17th round. We were talking with the negotiators and they were at a different stage. At this moment they are in a stage where they are saying, how would this look like? What would we have to do? So I think that this is growing into the region. People are understanding that the idea is not to be interventionist. The idea is not to force the countries to create new legislation. The idea is just to help the countries who are doing efforts in the field by not receiving these illegally harvested products. So it's respecting and valuing the efforts that producing countries are already doing and helping them not consuming their countries. So this has a heavy responsibility on consumer countries. And not only the governments but also the people. First we have been very focused on Peru because of this specific trade agreement that had this new tool and to see if this was working. Because we were working with other Peruvians and American NGOs on trying to design these new tools and then we needed to know if this was working. So we ran an investigation in the country in Peru. We activated the mechanisms because we could prove, we could document that there was illegal login being exported into the United States. And this has created mixed reactions from people in the government and in the civil society and in both governments. First it implied that people who are normally working on trade issues and who want to facilitate trade had to stop and take a look at something that they didn't understand. I mean they don't really do a lot about environment. They don't really understand the forest issues. So this has been a painful process for these people I think. But on the other hand I also think that they are starting to acknowledge that it's doable. I mean that there's some ways where they can actually put these different factors in place. It's not that they're all happy. And also the producer countries still sometimes feel that this is a little interventionist in the sense that it brings, it prioritizes issues that they might not think are a priority for their country. So we're still working on trying to make sure that everybody feels that this is helping because that's the idea and that's the only way that these tools are going to be reproduced. And in the Latin American region it would be very important to have a regional agreement that would include one of these tools because we... And here talking with people from Brazil, from Ecuador, Bolivia and Colombia we know that we have illegal trade going through our frontiers. We don't really understand yet what are the networks and how they're built but we know that it's happening. And I feel that our governments are still not totally prepared to deal with this. And this is a tool that could help. But we understand that this is hard and that we have to convince people that are not necessarily people coming from environmental backgrounds but I think that it's moving there. Climate change campaigns are really starting to bring together people from different sectors in the governments and I think that that's helping. I mean I want to be optimistic. We're still far away. It's hard, it's not easy, but I think we're moving in the right direction. From my very personal point of view and my work right now this has been great this far because I have been talking to people that are doing some people focused again in trade but also some people focused on more scientific things and I have been asking people with a very hard scientific background about some things that we find in the field and not necessarily know how to deal with. So this has been great for me and for my work in particular in terms of networking and building new connections and also finding new ideas of investigation and work to start some information sharing with other colleagues. I think this is a very productive forum not only for the scientists but also for people who are working in the field with policy issues with international relations things from the social science.