 Hi, my name is Dr. Radhakrishnan, I am a pediatric surgeon and a pediatric urologist and I work at the Manipal Hospital in Bangalore. Like any other treatment, surgery for hypospedias too has its complications. Over the years, however, with better sutures and greater magnifications and improvement in techniques, these complications have decreased dramatically. The treatment rate can vary from about 5% to 15% and this is worldwide. And the commonest complication that one would encounter in hypospedias is something called a fistula. Now this is an extra opening that appears on the penis after the repair of the hypospedias through which drops of urine may leak. Fistula rates as I said vary widely depending on the grade of the hypospedias. However, in our hospital we use a technique that has brought our fistula rates down to about 1%. However, they do exist and are a real problem.