 The commercial value of wood is influenced by its color, texture and natural defects. Wood dyeing processes, including traditional and induced discoloration methods, are analyzed to improve the value of wood surfaces. Photonet crystal structure color technology is proposed as a clean and pollution-free ecological biomimetic coloring method for improving wood surface color. The research status of this technology in various fields such as fiber, fabric, wood, wood-based panel surface color improvement, new coatings for wood, and lignocellulose nanocrystalline structure color film is reviewed, with a focus on construction and mechanistic study, light response and interface mechanistic study, large-scale application technology study, and preparation and functional development of structural color films. This article was authored by Jing Hu, Yi Lu, and Zhou Wei Wu.