 Hi everyone, I'm really honored to be presenting at the ESMA Conference 2023, the project we are presenting today is called Empowering Systematic Reviews with an R version of paper feature, effortless hand searching and citation searching at your fingertips. So my name is Tian Zhang. I'm a PhD student at Johns Hopkins School of Education. I will take care of the first half of the presentation, whereas Akash pilot will take care of the second half of the presentation. This is today's presentation agenda. I will first introduce what is hand searching and citation searching. Then I will talk about why do we need a new tool, and I'll explain whether there are other tools before I introduce paper feature. So literature review. Literature search and review lists the foundation for most research. How do you search for relevant to literature? I'm sure some of you may have used Google Scholar, Eric or PubMed. For this type of searches, we call it the database search. This is the most common search technique. Whereas there are some other supplementary search techniques, and one such supplementary technique is called hand searching. Hand searching means manually browsing through the tables of contents from journals and conference proceedings. For example, this journal called research synthesis methods. If I want to conduct hand searching on this journal, I will browse through each volumes, each issue, and look at the table of contents to identify relevant articles related to my research. Another supplementary search technique is called citation searching. There are two directions in citation chasing. There is a backward citations chasing, which is also called reference tracking. There's also the forward citation chasing, which is also called citation tracking. Citation chasing is important. Researchers have found that citation searching identifies 51% of studies in systematic reviews. For forward citation searching, take paper fetcher as an example. Forward citation searching means studies site paper fetcher. Backward citation searching means if you open paper fetcher's publication and scroll down all the way to the last reference page. Backward citation searching means all the papers paper fetcher has cited. So why do we need a new tool? Broadly, there are three reasons. The first reason is that there is a rapid increase in studies available online, and therefore there are more papers to retrieve. The second reason is that the manual search is time consuming, laborious and costly. From past research, time spent on this type of search ranges from one hour per journal's volume to 185 hours per 10 journals. The third reason is that it's error prone and lacks replicability. Because we are humans, the type of manual search makes us tired and it's easy to make mistakes when we are tired. It also lacks replicability and an easy cross-checking mechanism. Naturally, the next question you may want to ask is, are there other tools that we can use? The answer is yes, but they are limited. So the first tool is called SignFinder. SignFinder enables backward citation searching. However, it is not free and it focuses on natural science literature. The second time is called databases. They include Web of Science, Scopus and Google Scholar. They are difficult to download in box and different formats. Spiderside and citation chaser are free and of better features. However, to date, all the above tools do not automate hand searching, and that is the main reason for us to develop paperfetchers. Now Akash will introduce paperfetchers in R. Alright, now for the fun part. Let's do a quick demo of paperfetchers in R. Now, in the interest of time, we are going to go through a very quick example of hand searching using paperfetcher. So what we're going to do is we're going to retrieve the metadata of all articles from the following two journals, you know, the Journal of Youth and Adolescence and Research Synthesis Methods, published between January 1st and February 1st, 2023. We're going to treat this metadata in the RIS format, which is format that's easy to import into various citation management tools such as Otero and also into systematic review screening tools such as Covidence. Alright, so let's now move to our code. Paperfetcher at its core is a Python package. What we are going to do is use an R library called Articulate to call the paperfetcher Python package within R. Now this involves a couple of steps of setup. We first need to install Articulate. If you don't have Python installed, you're going to have to do that. If you don't have paperfetcher installed, you're going to have to do that. We're not going to need to do all that. We just need to sort of import paperfetcher before that install Articulate. Let's get that done. The next step is to specify a list of ISSNs, which we want to, you know, hand search in, specify sort of the date range we want to search within. And, you know, paperfetcher also is the option to filter our search results using a bunch of keywords. We're not going to do that here, but that's also an option you can consider. So let's run this. And now let's get to sort of our hand search. Let's run all of this code. And then I can explain what it's doing. So what we're doing is we're looping over all the ISSNs we specified, and we're performing hand searches for each of these ISSNs. We're constructing a data frame of, you know, the metadata that we fetch. And we're also constructing RIS files of all the metadata that we fetch. So we first already finished searching through our first data frame. And yeah, we're now done searching for our second journal. And to click on this, you see we've got a nice data frame here consisting, you know, all the metadata that we fetched. We've also got these two RIS files. This is the data that we got from hand searching. Yeah. Now this script. And also some other scripts for citation searching are available on our GitHub page. Here's the link. Definitely check these out as you know, these are almost ready to use. You just need to change a couple of parameters. If you're interested in learning more, and also about also an understanding how this hand searching and citation searching code works. We've got some RNO books that explain the different steps and the different segments of code in depth. These are interactive notebooks you can play around with these. You can get more comfortable with using paper fetching. In summary, paper fetcher is the first user friendly tool to automate hand searching. It is free and open source. And it can be used by researchers in any field. If you want to learn more about paper fetcher, please read our paper which was published just last year and researched into these methods. Please contact us, you know, email us or reach out to us over Twitter. If you have any questions about paper fetcher. And also check out our web app. Here's the link paper fetcher.github.io. You can scan the QR code. And definitely check out our GitHub page. So keep updating it as and when we add more resources about paper fetcher to it. Thank you.