 This study examined the factors that determine whether a species can become invasive and the vulnerability of different ecosystems to invasion. The researchers found that species with certain traits were more likely to become invasive, such as having a long life span, high reproductive rate, and large size. They also found that the greater the diversity of native species, the less likely it would be for an introduced species to become established. Additionally, they discovered that the most vulnerable ecosystems to invasion had low levels of functional similarity between native species. This suggests that the more similar the native species are, the harder it is for an introduced species to become established. This article was authored by Guahuan Tzu, Adam Myrtle, Sebastian Bross, and others.