 Hello, good afternoon everybody. Hi, my name is Angie Grove and I'm the executive director here at the Ethan Allen Homestead Museum Welcome to the museum and welcome to our monthly lecture series this is one of the Community enrichment events that we have for free for members of the community to come in see the museum and Hear a historical talk and learn something new. Hopefully enjoy themselves as well I really quickly want to give a couple of dates for other special events. We have coming up on September 30th We have the home and hearth reenactment event. That is a domestic Living reenactment how everyday life happened inside an 18th century house with a reenactor So come and check that out and on that same day September 30th We're going to have our last archaeology discovery table where some of our volunteer Archaeologists will be showing some of the research they've been doing about the digs that took place here in the 1990s and cataloging and organizing the artifacts and you can see some of the artifacts Which by the way, September is Vermont Archaeology Month. So that's a part of that statewide celebration On October on Saturday October 14th. We have Flax Travaganza Which is our big harvest celebration in October Focus mainly around our flax crop, which we grow here at the homestead and Reenactors are going to be here to turn that flax into homespun linen cloth So you want to come check that out as well And then the following day is the October monthly lecture and that is called Combined Operations in the Civil War by historian Rob Grandchamp. That's about how Vermont and Rhode Island infantrymen worked together to really make a difference in the northern victory in the Civil War Okay We have two other monthly talks after that the one in November is going to be remote only and our Speaker is going to be zooming in from Scotland and it is a speaker talking about Vermont allegiance during the Revolutionary War and Then the very last talk of the year in our monthly lecture series is for members only So this is a special thing. We usually don't have one in December But we're going to offer one for members of the museum only I'm actually going to be giving that talk and it is titled Ethan Allen an infernal villain so make sure to come and check that out as well and to Attend that talk. You just need to visit our front desk or you can visit us online to purchase a membership Ethan Allen Homestead Museum is a non-profit 501c3 museum so your donations and memberships are tax-deductible But that also means we rely on donations and memberships from our community to survive and keep going Okay, so That's the business of the museum out of the way now, we're going to get started with today's presentation Oh one more thing for the business. I have to say thank you to the sponsors of our community enrichment program We have three corporate sponsors North Country Federal Credit Union M&T Bank and Vermont AARP We also have one community partner for our monthly lecture series And that is town meeting TV or CCTV Who graciously record the lectures so we can put them up on our YouTube page later so we can reach more people with our mission? Okay, now I'm done with the business of the museum And so I'm actually not going to introduce the speaker. I'm going to introduce you to the person who's going to introduce the speaker This is our newest board member Which board members are also volunteer position so in some ways our newest volunteer to the Ethan Allen Homestead Museum And I would like you to help me welcome This early American historian at Norwich University Zachary Bennett Hello everyone today We will be talking about remember Baker 251 years ago in March of 1772 tensions between New Yorkers of the Green Mountain boys Escalated escalated known as Yorkers in the middle of the night Yorkers broke into remember Baker's home attacked him and his wife desire Capturing remember Baker This presentation will cover his capture by the Yorkers and then his rescue by the Green Mountain boys The Baker incident led up to the 250th anniversary of the founding of the independent Republic of Vermont in 1777 a Few years later after this incident, but I would say as a historian that in 1772 this is not this has nothing to do with maybe maybe I'll be corrected on this with the American Revolution with American independence and all of the things that this museum kind of focuses on and celebrates and when we think of Ethan Allen 1772 is only a few years before kind of the crisis of Lexington and Concord in Massachusetts in 1775, but there's actually this great quote that Benjamin Franklin wrote Later in his life, which he said in 1775 I had never heard any in any conversation from any person drunk or sober the least expression of a wish for a separation From Great Britain or hint that such a thing would be advantageous to America. So this event Takes place within a colonial context within a British Empire context And what I really love is the names and in this event remember Baker is a great Puritan name, right? It calls you to remember the Lord to remember God These names are very common at this time leading to my favorite New England name ever preserved fish This was a real this was a real person. You can look him up. He's actually pretty pretty important but This contest so just kind of a little bit of a wider context here is that at Simultaneously as this event in 1772 Maryland is fighting a quasi war with Pennsylvania Virginia is also at war unofficially kind of with Pennsylvania as well dealing with Disputes over what is now the state of Pennsylvania and where those colonies disagreed on where their lines were And they were literally shooting at each other So what that speaks to is and I this I'm sure will be highlighted in the this the talk is that Americans were not united at all. They were not united against Britain They were not united among themselves and something that I think this will hopefully highlight is that it's really amazing at all that Americans united to fight the British in the war of independence and That Americans even more surprisingly than that united to create a country With a common government. We have maybe this idea that back in the day, you know this age of polarization that we're in This is like a new thing. We used to get along back in the day Mr. Tigard will show us that is not the case. This is always always been like this There's a little bit about our speaker. Mr. Tigard moved to Vermont about six years ago from Clinton, New York Where he was actively involved in history as a director of the Clinton Historical Society and chair of the Clinton Historic Preservation Commission He is currently president of the Bennington Historical Society and administrator of the Bennington Museum Regional History Room. He also serves as a commissioner on the Bennington Historic Preservation Commission he and his wife Beth live on Elm Street if you want to say hi in Bennington, Vermont And with that I'll turn it over to you Thank you very much Do you remember Baker This is a story about the conflicts of the New Hampshire grants and lead into the creation of what is now for mine You know, I got the Green Mountain boys who were fighting for their lands So this is the tale of the of what remember record did he was a marked man for what his actions were and He's captured and then his release his rescue, but to keep a few things in mind Keep these things in mind keep a few things in mind Oh Down means down means up So in this timeline Like the gentleman just mentioned in the context of the revolution This is well before, you know, you've got you've got some activity in New England. You got the Boston Massacre You got the some of the other items going on Stamp Act But this is a still early in the colonial period his adduction is in 1772 773 is a tea party and looks in concrete and it carries out from there. So this is this is early on Now I'm gonna push the down button there you go, but Who's behind all this controversy Who's the cast of characters that that the shape this conflict and created Vermont? The first guy we got is Benning Wentworth He really likes they started the problem He he was governor of of New Hampshire from 1741 to 1766 And during that time he charted 131 townships in the New Hampshire grants, which is now Vermont 131 under a royal directive So this is this is still no actions coming from London granting him the ability to grant townships So 130 he just Went crazy and each time he made one of these grants He didn't sell them grant them to people who were gonna settle there. No, he granted them to investors and speculators So they paid him a little bit of money to get the grant and he taxed them and so he made a bundle of money doing this But these people never visited the townships or planned to live there But he was collecting the fees each time and claiming a few plots for himself And he accumulated over a hundred thousand acres and a sizable fortune And here's the one of the In 1749 he he charted Bennington and you can see now this light doesn't work up here anymore I guess but see BW Bennington Wentworth up in the upper right-hand corner. He took a little plot for himself There's another one down here Bennington Wentworth. So he he took a few towns little plots for himself Free of charge. I'm sure and the rest of them. He sold all these other investors None of whom will ever really come and live in Bennington. So but he chartered these on a very complicated issue And it's funny and I should say he he called this Bennington basically after himself Benning Wentworth. It's also was his mother's maiden name, but this was the town grant And it's funny. I visited a historical society in Portsmouth, New Hampshire The capital of New Hampshire and went to museum and they were talking about Benning Wentworth. They weren't too pleased with him He was kind of a stodgy guy He had a home and he wanted to have them converted to the governor's mansion and buy it from him And they said no so he promptly left the house and build his own house on the sea So seashore and lived happily ever after he wasn't happy. He wasn't very well received but On the New York side The New York claimants these are the people mainly from New York City and downstate They also obtained grants in this area for profit But they were using a different pattern of settlement. They weren't going to live there They weren't going to they weren't going to they were going to rent it out on an English pattern of a Dutch pattern of land ownership of Pertune patron ships Quit rents and like doubt nabby, they would grant these lands to farmers and charge them a rent each year And These are the people making decisions. Here's George Clinton. He's governor of New York He was involved in the land disputes and then it was said on all occasions He had the most bitter animosity towards the people of Vermont He advocated violence and hostility and supported rewards for Ethan Allen and others dead or alive Who were defending the rights of the New Hampshire grants? There's also who was a governor tyrant who was a landowner, but this guy here John Tabor Kemp. I Cannot get away from this guy when I was in central New York studying the settlement of Clinton, New York He owned all the land in central New York He came from a family the Cox family There were great landovers and landowners and they owned had a patent for land a large land track of land In North Carolina and Georgia and at that time the borders were very fluid I think it went all the way to the Pacific and he had lots of land and the King finally decided now This is too good. We got to rescind this grant. We're gonna swap you with a hundred thousand acres in upstate, New York So he had the townships of Clinton and Oneida County and a lot of the central New York areas, New Jersey So during the time with the New Hampshire grants this guy already has Lots of land in the area And he became a attorney general in New York, so he had a lot of power Another guy was involved in New York on New York side John Dwayne. He was a lawyer and he married smart He married Mary Livingston Who was a daughter of Robert Livingston? Another great landowner in New York you hear of Livingston County, New York There's Livingston Manor again this manner idea of land ownership so he married into the Livingston clan and They were all set Then John Monroe, I don't have his picture, but he was a sheriff for New York And he lived in White Creek and also I believe Shaftsbury and he was the enforcer A Scottish immigrant he got his job from Dwayne. He was buddies with Dwayne and Kemp And he followed New York orders to get these rioters and this Bennington mobsters out of the New Hampshire grants What was his motivation? Yeah, probably greed patronage so he was he was all set but the the Vermont guys The Vermont people the New Hampshire grantees. I should call them. There was no Vermont at this time that was not even used They settled the land These were the Vermont the New Hampshire grantee types They settled the land they cleared the land they built homes. They settled Bennington. They settled all the lot of areas They knew the lands they cleared the land the desire to settle build a community build churches build schools If you look at the plot of Bennington, they had a plot for the church They had a plot for schools. They wanted to build a community They came for religious reasons. They came from political reasons, you know Economic social reasons to own and create community So it was different different culture with the New Hampshire grantees Then those guys in New York who were this speculators and large landowners So this was the Bennington mob guys the Keith and Allen Seth Warner Remember Baker Robert Cochran Stafford Breckenridge all guys that had a mark on their head from New York But like like the speaker told us they were all loyal subjects of the crown They were not against Great Britain. They're not against the king. They tried to work with the king to reach a solution They weren't revolutionaries by any means Even the Vermont Declaration of Independence Rather than addressing crimes of Great Britain, they addressed crimes of New York so But as you know, you know, the whole controversy started with with this with when they Set up Massachusetts. They had the line 20 miles from the Hudson River and it went straight up That was the boundary of Massachusetts. Well, and Benning Wentworth Already knew that we had a fort dumber Which was in New Hampshire there and in the grants so that was considered Okay, so he assumed that that same rule would apply and the land would carry over 20 miles from the Connecticut River You know, I used to when I used to commute from New York to Vermont I used to cross them from New York border think well, I'm in Vermont now I used to cross the Hudson I should say I think I'm in New York and Vermont now I keep driving those 20 miles till you get to Vermont. So But that was that was the the border that Benning Wentworth and the New Hampshire grantees thought would be the border of Vermont of New Hampshire grants Not so New York thought the grid the line was the Connecticut River way the other side so on it went and I got a Spam account on my phone here spam call we'll get rid of that So that was that was the problem that was the Provets of the grants and New Hampshire grants that was that that was the issue disputed border and in 1770, you know the grantees tried to sue and They were the court ruled in favor of the New York grants So that became a serious problem and to deal with London You know to get a message from here to London and back you're talking months not years You know to get an answer from the King. So it was communication wasn't that great. So there was talk about, you know Going to the grantees side or not or this or that so it was never clear. It was never cleared There's always a controversy So they started ejectment trials and they started to to actually go in and try to eject these New Hampshire grantees from their land There's a guy named Silas Robinson Who was arrested taken to Albany And before he could be rescued he was he was incited for riot in prison for one year So New Yorkers were serious about this in 1771 leading up to Baker's Abduction Sheriff and Monroe and 12 others went to Samuel Rose's house in Manchester He was not there. They entered his house Large group of neighbors approached And they they told his wife She was now a tenant But they didn't eject her they left They also turned another fellow. Mr. Carpenter out of his premises and he was alarmed for his safety and he fled Then there was a well-known event in near Bennington the Breckenridge standoff John Breckenridge Had a land in the house in the grants on the in Vermont And Monroe and the boys came and they were going to eject him from his house Well at this point the Green Mountain boys came they were arrayed on a ridge Near the house and they also were in the house And Sheriff Monroe looked at him and the guys his posse looked at the guys with the guns and said hey I didn't sign up for this. I didn't sign up for a gun battle This was going to get this guy and dragging off the Albany So they this dispersed and they left Breckenridge alone so this was an important important stage in the in the controversy and The this at this point the Green Mountain boys were organized The New Yorkers continued to eject people, but they had town meetings and in the grants to resist ejectment by force and What they did and they never really they never really killed anybody But they would approach somebody's New Yorkers Squatter's house, maybe burn it down Maybe whip them they would whip them with beach seal. They call it. They would take beach limbs and whip them and Drive them out of the area. So they were they were serious guys So a militia was formed several companies of volunteers and filling Seth Warner Remember Baker a troublemaker Robert Cochran and others Ethan Allen Seth Warner And they became known as the Green Mountain boys or as the New York column of Bennington mob So they began this to defend their properties With whatever means they could find You know I had great fun with this project because I could look at the there's a documentary history of New York which has all the correspondence at this era and you can see just everything that's going on and One of the first letters I found was this to show you the type of violence that was occurring Gotta put my glasses on now William Cochran was a surveyor And he said I found it in vain to persist any longer as it were resolved that all events to stop us They had been many threats pronounced against me Gideon Conley lives by the Great Falls was to shoot me And your acquaintance Nathan Allen I got the name wrong was in the woods with another party of black and dressed like Indians Looks like the Boston Tea Party as I was informed several of my men can prove and that they were threatening my life Assure me these men intended to murder us if we did not go from hence And my assuring assuring that I would survey no more in these parts. I was permitted to leave So the surveyor from New York was not going to do it anymore And then another one Charles Hutchinson Said they resolved to offer a burnt sacrifice to the gods of the world and burning of the logs of my house They kindled four fires of logs of the house Allen and Baker were holding clubs over the despondents and ready to strike and Ethan Allen said to the to the settler Go your way now and complain to that damn scoundrel your governor God darn your governor laws king council and assembly So they were they were serious about this and as a result A governor Tyron He offered $20 reward for Allen Baker and those guys 20 hour word for their capture with these Bennington mobs, but Ethan Allen Responded by saying and I got it up here now. Where is James Dwayne and John Kemp? Are two buddies here of New York and by their menaces and threats greatly distribute the public peace and repose of honest peasants of Bennington and the sodomists of the Northwood which Peasants are now an ever-bending piece of God and the king and patriotic alleges of George the third any person who will apprehend these common Disturbers and Bring them to the Lord the landlord phase at Bennington She'll have a 15 pound reward for John Dwayne and for John Kemp paid by Ethan Allen Remember Baker and Robert Cochran. So they were they weren't right back They went back with a reward for those James Dwayne and John Kemp So that's the position we were in at the point where remember Baker was captured and again I had a lot of fun with this because I tried to go back You know, we know he was a man with a reward on his head part of the Bennington mob and The Bennington this story is based on a lot of folklore. It's tough when you get to this era to get to the real facts were I tried to my darndest to figure out their route and their speed and how he got there and what happened, but It's mainly it's information passed down down and down you know Highland Hall another 19th century authors had a story Newing on quarterly Stanley Baker had another version It's all kind of slanted. So I decided look at some contemporary works I found the Hartford current of April 70 72 in March of 1772 and I found these descriptions But then I found out they were written by Ethan Allen So so much for that But using these reports, I think I could reach Greek construct is what happened Here is Arlington today, it's a quiet little village And here is actually the mill that Ethan Allen used it's still standing It's a it was an antique shop for a while. I'm what it is now, but it's still it's still there The better shot of it at that point was an antique store That's Ethan Allen standing in front Remember Baker The mill built in 1761 by remember Baker the Green Mountain Boys as National Register for historic places. So This is not his house, but this is what's left. The house is gone, but this was nearby That's still there. That's a nearby barn. I think it probably is the same era but So let's go back to To March 21st 1772 John Monroe arrived With Sheriff Steph Stevens and about 12 men and the they reportedly mostly Scotsman for some reason Monroe was a Scottish immigrant Maybe he got all his laddies together and said have you a pint and wanted to go out and have some fun so he took his men and He him he arrived around daybreak in the silence of the night So daybreak is around 7 a.m. In Vermont at this time in March So Baker was still in bed They surrounded the house. They just charged guns at the house They broke down the front door with broad axes. Of course, there's Scotsman. They got their broad axes, you know And Baker's wife tried to defend the door with one of her axes Edward McDonald and struck her with his cutlass He's been crippling her for life. This is the this is where the folklore comes in when she really crippled for life or was she Given a good whack, but she she was injured then they went through the house They mauled his 12 year old son and They they cut a gash in his cheek supposedly they looted the house and Monroe swore by the god He would have Baker dead or alive and burn the house wife and children and all the effects Nice guy, you know Nice guy. So what's Baker gonna do? He kind of retreated now Here's where it gets kind of funky because I don't know how the house was constructed. He retreated to his chamber Now this may have been a one-story house. Maybe it was very similar to Ethan Allen's homestead out here But he retreated to his chamber with sword and gun But was overpowered He broke a board off the wall and leap from the house And you landed a snowbank up to his middle. It was quickly surrounded by what some people called bandities In the constable set his dog on Baker Baker struggled McDonald slashed at Baker with the sword He was struck in the wrist cutting off his thumb So here he is waist high in the snow a dog attacking him and the guy attacked him with a sword cut his thumb off He's still in his night shirt He was bound And he was thrown into either a sleigh or a carriage or horse. I'm not sure I different variations on this But he was put in some kind of Convenience and Monroe told the terrified family. He was taken Baker to Albany to be jailed condemned and executed That's pretty serious for somebody who's squatting on land, but that's the story Some neighbors saw this The neighbors Caleb Henderson and John Wishton heard the ruckus and they attempted to rescue Baker But they were of course overcome by this posse of 12 men and One of them was captured and the other guy escaped and fled to Bennington Which is probably 20 miles from from Arlington, so it's quite a ways And he escaped the Bennington to sound the alarm I don't know how we got the Bennington how he traveled to Bennington, but he got the Bennington Now Monroe wanted to avoid the boys in Bennington He wanted to avoid Ethan Allen and all those nasty green mountain boys that were down there So he traveled due west east from East Arlington Baker Secured in the sleigh Now difficult to trace the route. I got kind of crazy. I wanted to trace the route I wanted to figure out how fast he could go so I figured well if he's on a horse I looked up how fast the horse could go I looked up how fast the sleigh could go and I got kind of nuts, but But so there's no real documentations in the roads have changed considerably from that time So I've on an article by guy in 1994 and some other sources And I could deduce some of those that the travel the present route 3 1 3 Junction to 12 it doesn't mean much to you, but they're going down to Eagle Bridge and And they're actually there's there's a member Baker with his thumb caught off That's from a reenactment. We did last year of the record of the standoff Abduction, but here's the route. They would come up here down Heading towards towards Albany that way to get to Troy to get to Troy to get the ferry to get across the go They're traveled about 17 miles Now north who's that should be down? Below here someplace They're they're they rested and they tried to dress his wounds and One source I found that the Constable's dog followed the Slay or whatever looking up the blood of Baker's wounds Yeah, right Meanwhile the people in Bennington Were alerted of Monroe's actions By Caleb Henderson and get about get together about ten men And I've actually got a listing of the men they both from Bennington Arlington who joined in Ethan was not around that day. I don't know whether he was what he was doing. Maybe he was at the catamount tavern Resting or something, but he didn't join them, but he was not part of the posse they left Bennington around noon So noon so maybe like 7 a.m. The abduction started The guy had to get from Arlington to Bennington to warn them and then they had to get organized So it wasn't until noon that they set out to try to rescue Baker And they traveled if you're familiar with the southern New York with seven goes every straight across they could go out with seven So they had a rather quick route and they were mounted so they could travel a lot faster than this other posse with Slays or whatever they had And they were aiming for the Troy ferry, which is the bottom heart there Now Monroe would have several hours lead, but the Bennington guys could of course go faster because they were mounted So they arrived at the ferry about 3 p.m So now you know figure 3 p.m. Now Baker has been for about six hours at least tied up in his night shirt with his thumb cut off and in the middle of winter They can make a bit of that they arrived at the ferry around 3 and they couldn't they didn't see Monroe's band because they figured That's where they're going to go to get across the the ferry So they turned north Back up north to pursue them So they went about seven miles north of Troy and They met up with Monroe and his men now at this point. Here's ten guys from Bennington There's like 12 guys from That's the Scotsman there They met and Monroe and his men said again. I didn't sign up for this Gunfight. I'm out of here. So they just ran off into a swamp and they were gone leaving Monroe and Baker by themselves so They rescued Baker And Yeah, and Monroe's men fled into a swamp Baker was rescued Monroe was captured Another thing is they they kept him Monroe, but they didn't keep them. They let them go. They get rid of them So there they are they got Baker now and they're gonna get him home and here's here's a road Yeah, again. I got crazy here. This shows the the mountainous This is the only way they could go cross the mountains at the top and right straight down So the roads followed the terrain and that's where I figured was their route, but so they got they've got Baker and Monroe is they just let him go. So okay Go I got rid of him and Colonel Safford was there He dressed Baker's wounds and they put him on a horse and they sent out for Bennington They're gonna take him home they stopped at a house on the Housick River and To rest and take care of the wounds and Then crossing the river They came out another group another group of people laying in ambush Now was this who is this now this is this more of Monroe's boys a second line of defense Fortunately before the guns went off they realized who was a group from Arlington Arlington they'd come over and they were also in pursuit of of the Monroe and trying to get Baker So they luckily they met up and they continued along route seven And they got back to the Breckenridge house, which is south of Bennington on the Wilhelmsack River Near Henry Bridge one of our covered bridges about 2 a.m. So Now we started at 7 a.m. And now it's all the way around. It's like They traveled 83 miles And In about 20 hours So this is all mounted in the middle of winter of March, which is winter in Vermont. Let's admit it and And Monroe is cheesed off because he thought you know they could have resisted these these guys some Bennington, but but the men Disabated his orders and took off and they weren't gonna like I say they didn't sign up for a gun gun fight So Seth and then they took took them back to Breckenridge Seth Warner later. Why did they get back? Remember Baker's rifle? So he went to Monroe's house banged on the door and said I want Remember Baker's gun back Monroe refused to give him the gun so Seth Warner sees the bridle of Monroe's horse Oh, no, excuse me Monroe returned it and he sees the bridle of Seth Warner's horse and told the consul to arrest Seth Warner Well before that could happen Warner drew his cutlass Whacked Monroe with a flat of it knocked him on the ground took the musket and rode off And the town of Pultney awarded him with a hundred pounds for his labor and cutting the head of Esquire Monroe the Yorkie So he was rewarded for that And later Monroe was was treated terrified by threats by the Green Mountain boys They were shooting of guns around his house. They would surround it at night. They burned some of his property They threatened them and it got so bad that Monroe Had to quit he had to quit his position of of sheriff and The right he said the riders in this part of the country are enlisting daily And they're offering 15 pounds bounty to every man that joins with them and the strike terror in the whole country Well, I'm not sure if that's true or not, but So he he actually had enough and he quit and But the as a result the Bennington the Green Mountain boys continued to be organized Riders were brought back to Bennington two pieces of cannon and a mortar piece and the small fort at East Housick Making great preparations for a defense and the body of regulars were on the march So the Green Mountain boys had been established and they continued to harass And Baker among them continued to harass surveyors and other folks But you know Baker got back they got back to Breckenridge. They dressed his wounds. He went home and he I Won't say he lived happily ever after but that was that was the capture and release of Baker and The resulting if this was a real turning point some people the Breckenridge standoff was the founding of Vermont But I would say that this was the real turning point when they really became United But it was still well before the revolution and by 1774 this whole issue kind of died out with the revolution I kind of put it aside and Fort to kind of roga happened moved on with the revolution But they continued before that to threaten people burn their houses to kick them out of their land and Reading some of these these documents are amazing how these people were so terrified about the Green Mountain boys They would come they would whip people. They would burn their property. They would threaten them They would tell them to get out of town and they did But the issue when it wasn't settled till like 1791 when Vermont became a state We had to pay $30,000 to New York That's not forget about a million dollars in today's money Pay to New York to settle the claims So we caved into them a little bit I guess And I looked at the so we have Vermont entered the union as the 14th state Along with Kentucky to balance the powers North and south at that point you can see the starting of us another problem And two stars who added to the flag at that time But Vermont had to pay 76 claimants this money and I had a listing of some of those claimants James Dwayne He got $26,000 for 53,000 acres Cockburn another one of his buddies got 1500 Guy named Isaac Roosevelt Who was a great uncle of Theodore Roosevelt? He got forty four hundred dollars. So we had to pay some of these these Yorkers for the rights that can own the land grants But and what became of these guys John Kemp He became a loyalist and you know a lot of these loyalists after the war during the war they lost their properties He fled to Canada and he fled that they went to England and he had a sad ending He was thrown from a carriage in London and died in 1792 John Kemp Penelous probably Dwayne lives on he was a mayor of New York City a judge in The legislature he fought against Vermont interests. So he did okay. He died in Schenectady Livingston He continued the practice law and managed his large estate. So he most of made out pretty well with the exception of the loyalist George Clinton who was the governor of New York one time became Famous in New York history and Clinton New York was named after him He was also vice president of the United States Munro whatever happened to our friend Munro He died Penelous Without money friends or interests. He wrote a letter to one of his think Dwayne or somebody begging for some support and they said We don't need you anymore. So he died Penelous Benning Wentworth he uses permission of governor to you know really entrench his family and the economic and political dominance in New Hampshire and In the 1760s in the dispute with the colonial governments and neighboring New York Let it end to the land grants and he eventually stepped down as governor but he he died four years later and I think his nephew John Wentworth assumed the governorship so that family carried on But the Green Mountain boys They were they they continued in the Revolutionary War for Tecanda Roga and Remember Baker was there he went with you to now under for Tecanda Roga The battle of Bennington was fought in Bennington turning point of their evolution So the Green Mountain boys continued to fight now resist the crown finally Remember Baker? He continued to serve he served at for Tecanda Roga He went to an expedition to Canada Shortly after that in 1775 unsuccessful expedition He was out scouting. I Got pictures I could be showing you too He was out scouting He was a known scout he fought in the French Union War. He was a long time veteran, but he was captured by the Indians and he was beheaded and Indians took his head and took it to Quebec I believe and the British were so Upset about this that they took the head back and had it buried formally But he was he was known as our first remember Baker He was the first American killed in Canada and the War of the American Revolution. His death made more noise in the country Than the loss of a thousand men towards the end of the American War I were hailing of course. I really would say that He's killed so he had that inglorious death I guess But that's the story That's the story remember Baker troublemaker was captured rescued went on the fight and had a Ending and that's where we had Vermont from Taking questions or any comments or any yeah How old was any died? Blimey, I don't know Yeah, he probably would Forties I betcha these guys didn't live that long and they He was in the French Indian War so that's 1750s. So 2040s He lived down with no thumb a grain grain mill. Yeah, grist mill Where's Baker's field? Yeah, I bet you it is Yeah, but you did is yeah Yeah Yeah Well, he would he led the Green Mountain boys at Fort Tech, Andoroga But at one point they had a meeting, you know, they're very Democratic in this militia and they elect their officers and They elected Seth Warner as the officer. So he got kicked out But that's what the battle at the battle of Bennington He was actually on the the in jail in the British jail and ship and Seth Warner was in charge and at the battle of Bennington Yeah I mean Vermont and New Hampshire is the low-water mark on the Western shore. That extends from New York border Pre-colonial in the colonial era Got me Now you're talking about the eastern border of state line. Yeah between Vermont and New Hampshire Alongside Okay, I probably that's that makes sense. Yeah Yeah, I seem to remember something like that. Yeah Boundaries are weird these these you know look at them for the border of Vermont Where's that picture ahead of whoops, I'll kind of get back there This way I don't I had a picture of Vermont here someplace Technology strikes again. It's probably quicker way to do this, but there it is Yeah, I mean the border You know why did they have that little jig jagged out and goes up and then cuts back down again? And then you got you know, the lake was cool and then when he goes up to Canada It's all wiggle. I go it's People have done a lot of studies on how they made borders in all the states and it gets crazy Yeah, yeah, well, I guess that's the Canadian border There's a couple places that are buildings right on the borders library that the border is right on the middle of the library Inside your Canadian one side here Yeah Yes No, it was well it was the battle with the objective of the battle was was the Bennington military stores And so it was battle for bent battle for Bennington. There's people have argued about that way They called the battle of Bennington is battle for Bennington. Yeah Yes, that's right, I meant to say that they were first cousins Yeah Yeah Yeah, well, they were a small community now interwoven. Yeah. Yeah, good point. I'm at the mention that. Yeah It's a good one Yeah, I mean Yeah, Ethan Allen wrote that that That book is that wisdom of Yeah, yeah, and I'm sure he must have thought about things a lot, but Yes We do have refreshments out there, we have cider, we have cabbage, cheese and crackers. Oh my gosh Is it Quebec? Okay, yeah Because he's probably he may be buried up there even I suppose they Yeah, because they Yeah, he must be I pitched the buried him in Canada because they was they were very upset that the Indians did that to him