 Okay, why don't we get started? Good morning everyone, welcome to Parents and Family Day. My name is Jeffrey Bardzell and I'm Associate Dean for Graduate and Undergraduate Studies. I'm also new to Penn State and the College of ISD myself, so I'm looking forward to going on this journey of discovery together with you. In the college, we aim not only to provide a top notch education, but also a great life experience. And so today we're gonna try to sample both sides of that. We've got some of our best professors who are here who are gonna introduce academic programs. And then we've got some key figures on our academic services staff who will take your questions and introduce the work that they do. Please note that this Zoom session will be recorded and will be made available later online. And with that, I now turn the floor over to our first speakers, Dr. Mark Friedenberg and Mr. Bill Parquet, who will introduce the Social and Organizational Informatics Faculty Area. Good, thank you so much. My name's Mark Friedenberg, I'm an Assistant Teaching Professor here in the College of ISD. And I'll be speaking with you today about the first faculty area on our agenda. We have a faculty area called Social and Organizational Informatics. And I'll be speaking alongside Bill Parquet. We'll do introductions in a moment, give a brief overview of the area, the faculty area and what it does, then some of the related majors and courses within the college. Give a quick look at some of the ongoing research projects that are in the SOI or SOI area as we pronounce it. And then save some time for Q and A. So again, my name's Mark Friedenberg. I'm an ISD graduate myself, class of 2006. I'm a Columbia Law School graduate, worked in New York litigating cases involving intellectual property and securities fraud. But I've always maintained my passion for the intersection of law and technology. So I'm very excited to be able to kind of contribute to the students' legal education within the College of ISD, which is a somewhat unique offering that we have within the college. And more generally the policy environment surrounding ISD. Bill, would you like to do a quick self introduction? Well, sure. My name is Bill Parquet. I've been, this is starting my second academic year. I got here in July of last of 2019. I come from 22 years active duty army and 19 years with the federal government, specifically the United States intelligence community. So this is my third profession. I was lecturing up here for many years, supporting Ed D'Lanson. And other professors. And then I just came up to her permanently. So it was a very, very neat fit. I bring, well, my third profession. So I bring 40 plus years experience to the table. I teach introduction to security and risk analysis and terrorism and crime courses, which have been a lot of fun. Enjoy your students and enjoy, I think we have students in the chat. So we enjoy, actually we've, I know someone at some point is going to talk about the mixed method, but in other, the current environment we're in, but I appreciate all the efforts and I appreciate the interaction with your students and our students. So back to Mark. Thank you, Bill. So this is a relatively new organizational format that we have within the college. So social and organizational informatics, this is an eyeful and a mouthful, but this faculty area is focused on the impact of ICTs information, communication technologies on societies and in how we design work and how effective ICTs can be. And we are all living through a vast experiment in that right now. So we look at how ICTs impact interactions among community members, whether locally, nationally or globally in a variety of contexts and how those technologies can be an enabler for progress and for change. And so we look to understand how we can use information technologies that exist and improve them to improve individual and organizational effectiveness, effectiveness, productivity and wellbeing. And there's been lots of interest in that, especially lately. So we do research on issues and try to make an impact in areas like diversity and STEM education and in the technology workforce and computer-supported collaborative work and community planning for emergency management among many other areas. So some of the majors that are related to the work that our SOI faculty area engages in are within the College of IST, Design and Development, which you may know is transitioning to Human-Centered Design and Development, the Integration and Application option, which is transitioning to Enterprise Technology Integration and the People Organizations and Society option, which is where especially some of the courses that I teach in Cyber Law and Security and Privacy Law fit in and in the SRA major, Intelligence Analysis and Modeling. So some of the courses that I've recognized some last names in the room, so maybe that you or your students are in right now or have had with me in the past, but IST 431, the Information Environment, and then IST 432, Legal and Regulatory Environment of IST, but we sometimes just call it Cyber Law, and then IST 452, a follow-on course, which is specifically focused on legal and regulatory aspects of privacy and security, whereas in IST 432, we look at some other concepts, most notably perhaps including intellectual property. Bill, would you be interested in talking through maybe what you do in SRA 211 or briefly describe some of these courses in SRA? Absolutely not. No, I'm only kidding, I'm only kidding. That was deception. The Security Risk Analysis, Introduction to Security Risk Analysis, one of the courses that I teach, and we discuss the multiple SRA courses that are coverage within that particular degree field. And in 211, of course, the terrorism crime, the course, the others we have are deception, encountered deception, and of particular interest to me is the Intelligent Environment. So what I've found is pretty interesting with our students. We've got a lot of folks coming in that compliment the Security Risk Analysis as a minor with other degrees throughout the university, but specifically with other degrees within the College of IST, and then vice versa. So it works pretty well, and it's a wide range of events and a wide range of education and research. Mark, hey. Thank you. So just wanted to briefly give you a sense of some of the research that faculty in the SOEA area are doing. Dr. Yagra is engaged in a research project on fairness and justice in AI software for talent acquisition. So this is AI software for hiring essentially and for interviewing is becoming quite popular. And Dr. Yagra is doing research into how people perceive the fairness and justice of the use of those systems. Dr. Andrea Tapia is doing really a lot of research in the area of classifying crisis related data on social media. So working with emergency responders and trying to make sense of social media streams that may be useful to them as they engage in their work. And Dr. Karleen Maitland has ongoing research projects in Rwanda, among other areas that is looking at IoT internet of things devices and making data available to researchers around the world as well as this is where some of the collaborative nature of our work happens. Some of the system vulnerabilities and cybersecurity vulnerabilities related to the use of these internet of things devices. That's just a small sample of some of the research that's happening because I wanted to save some time for Q&A. Again, my name is Mark Friedenberg. I've been joined by Bill Parkett. And for our remaining time, I would love to answer any questions. Yeah, I was waiting for questions. One of the things I've found to be of extreme interest is the research area, especially within AI and the internet of things. Having just come from the government, those are two very extremely popular areas that are exploding down in the capital region and throughout the world and throughout the specific and throughout the country. And we're taking a lead up here, Mark. Thank you. Well, if there are no questions, I'll just say again, it's been, oh, I'm sorry, is that Ben? Do you have a question? I see a raised hand. Does anyone who has a question feel free to ask? Can you hear me, Mark? Yes. Okay, just a question. For a student who is interested in potentially a law degree after the IST program, what sort of courses should that student focus on while he's at Penn State? You know, I think coming from any of our majors in the College of IST is a really great foundation for law school, both as a, it sets you apart from a lot of other applicants, but it also gives you the sort of the language and the way of thinking systematically that the law often requires. It is, you know, I think taking a class like IC 432, that cyber law class is certainly helpful where you'll learn some of the techniques that are used in law school and in the legal profession, like case briefing, I think that would be helpful. But beyond that, I think to be honest, whatever the student is interested most in, as long as they are engaged with the course content, I think that people from a variety of backgrounds can certainly succeed in law school. But if you go in having, the way that we teach IC 432, I think is not exactly the same as law school, but is a similar approach. We use the same pedagogical techniques. And so I think if that goes well for the student or if the student's interested in it, I think that's a great indication that it's a good choice to proceed. Thank you. And we just want to follow up as parents of a student who might be interested in that. Are there any resources or anything like that that we should try to make available to the student, like an account with LexisNexis or something that might be helpful to them? Yes, through the Penn State Libraries, all the students have access to LexisNexis and Westlaw and even Bloomberg Law. There is a program called Explore Law at Penn State that's offered along with the law school. And that's typically in the spring, just after the end of the spring semester. And if it's okay, I'll post a link in the chat to some more information about that Explore Law program. It's a week-long program and they really get a, they sit in law school classes, they hear from guest judges and lawyers who come in to give a really good sense of what law school is like. I've sent a number of students to that program and they've all found it to be very valuable. Great, thank you very much. Thank you. Mark and Bill is a question in the chat. Oh, okay. From Kimberly Phillips. Where do students go to find research opportunities they can participate in? How are students selected to be on a research team? Okay, great. Thank you for the question. So we do have a website on a page on the IST website and if you'll allow me, I'll paste that into the chat as well. But I think probably the best way is if students are interested in the work that their professors are doing to just reach out to them and to just ask, hey, what are you working on? Is there any opportunity for students to work with you? I've read some of the research that you've been doing. I've read your papers. I should mention also, I'm the coordinator for the College of IST with the Shryer Honors College. Shryer students all engage in research, but they're not the only ones who engage in your undergraduate research. If you have a student who may be interested in doing undergraduate research, perhaps writing a thesis, there's an opportunity to apply to the Shryer Honors College. Also, again, near the end of the spring semester, applying to the Shryer program as a current Penn State student, and I can drop a link as well for that, so I'll put in at least three links. But that is really just not being shy about reaching out. You have to seek out those opportunities and more often than not, your ambition will be rewarded. Bill, maybe... I see that. Do we have time for that? I can answer it quickly. Okay. So the answer to your question, SRA majors, not only me, but the advising team and many other folks, and I usually point students that want to compliment a minor with an SRA degree amongst our many professionals that are on this chat and elsewhere within the College of IST, but our advising team does an excellent job as that too. So any combination of any one of our degree programs within the College of IST is a very good compliment to the Security Invest Analysis program. And so we always point them that first question we always ask, and everyone always asks, is what are you, we aren't just like? And then we go from there, because they're not gonna do well on a major or a minor if they don't have their interest there. So I'll turn it back over to Jeff. Okay, great. Thank you very much, Mark and Bill. There's another question there from James, but I think we can hold that one off until a little bit later, because it's a little more general. Next I'm gonna turn it over to Dr. Frank Ritter who's gonna talk about the HCI group. I wasn't immune. I've got 30 minutes, right? You got 15. Oh, okay, sorry. We'll let you know when that time comes close. Okay, fine. Hi. Oh, right. There's a complex set of interface here to drive this Zoom thing. Luckily we've had a lot of practice this year. So can you, let's see, I didn't share the right thing, did I? Can you see my screen? Yes, yes. Okay, I'm just gonna give the presentation this way as well. So, hi, I'm Frank Ritter. I'm one of the first professors into the college in 1999. These slides were developed with Steve Haines. He, well, developed with really means he drafted them. He's used them and I've revised them slightly to suit myself. I'm gonna go fairly quickly between the slides. The slides are available and I'm gonna try to also address the questions and issues that are already arising. So, HCDD, it's Human-Centered Design Developments, a new major. I think of it essentially as being well within the college from its initial days. And it's for students who wanna design, build interfaces and evaluate interfaces. And that's core to what the College of IST has always been. It's replacing an existing degree program. And one thing that the college has always done is to try to chase the technology and to try to be at the cutting or even bleeding edge of work and learning and knowledge. The major topics in it are web, mobile application, how to design, how to think about design. Sometimes we get down to the fundamental social and psychology aspects and then research methods in HCI. Steve Haines thinks about interaction design and evaluation and development. I think of it where computer science, psychology, since I've been at IST, I add human sciences and task domains overlap. So you're trying to understand how people use technology. And inevitably that means you have to understand the domain as well or it helps. There's a rationale that Steve put together for helping set up this degree program, that there's a lot of jobs in that area and they're relatively well-paying jobs. And there's a degree, oh, there's example positions. I don't think I wanna dwell on this. I wanna start to answer more advanced questions, but there's a lot of HCI related jobs out there in the world now a lot because computers and technology are becoming very pervasive. There is, if we had more time, one could cover what the degree program includes and it includes some programming and some people. And I like programming and I like people. So I like this program. There's application areas of where you can go and look for jobs. Steve wrote all of these out and Frank added and wherever humans and technology interact. And so places as diverse as John Deere as well as he left out the government and DOD universities, the university has rolled out, rolled over or rolled out several new computing systems that people use and they're finding that it's got a lot of interesting topics in it. Now what I've done is I've went beyond Steve's slides that these are available. And I wanted to talk about a couple of topics that are being worked on and then say why you care. So one thing is I've been working on computers, computer-based tutors. And it comes out of learning theory and human computer interaction. And we have a document that we're working on saying just how are we gonna develop these systems? And we're using a learning theory developed by Carnegie Mellon by one of my, I guess I'd say one of my advisors and we're using a broad range of human computer interaction techniques, methods and theories to make the tutors more usable. Not that they're greatly usable, but more usable. And to show a type of projects that are going on where we have a funded project to build a trauma nursing tutor and we're doing it with the College of Nursing. And in my spare time, with a team of 10 other people, we've created a tutor called stopthespread.health or it's at, it is at stopthespread.health. And there's a tutor and a book and it's a comprehensive view of skills to obstruct pandemics. It's essentially a hour to two hour long tutorial on how to wash your hands. And what social distancing really means and how it works. So you can apply it to novel situations and how to put on and take off and take care of masks and how to use hand sanitizer. You should probably use more than you are using and a theory of the immune system to hold it all together. And we turned in final copy for a book on Wednesday and we've had over 200 users into that tutor. We have, I think it's the first textbook that was written at the College of IST. It's really what psychology designers need to know. And it's published by Springer, which puts it in the library. I should wanna, I guess I can annotate this, right? As an e-book. So all the students in IST can get a free copy of that by going into the library and they can get a printed copy for 25 bucks, which I think is a decent price for a textbook. And it's been used by several courses and several campuses of Penn State and other universities, including Michigan. But what it really is is what psychology do you need to know if you're a computer programmer? So the authors are a researcher in Scotland and the director of user experience at Google. As another example project, we wanted to look at how fast do people type when they're not doing a task for you. They're just typing, they live in their life. And I've also given support and I wanna plug this book. I get nothing for plugging it, but there's a book called A Student Guide to Success at Penn State by a guy named Ed Glantz. And I think it's a very useful book and I'm strongly encouraging my son who's at Penn State to read it. I think everybody who comes as a faculty or as a student should read such a book because it gives you an overview. And it's not an official overview. It's not an unofficial overview, but it's a useful overview of what are the resources. Within the HCDD area, there are professors looking at health informatics, which means things like how do people exercise, how to encourage them to exercise, and how to look at HIPAA-like topics of protecting your data or protecting other people's data. There's a big and geographical data visualization by two of the professors. Projects on better displays or better types of graphs or fundamental questions of how do people read graphs or how do you look at a map and how do you display information on a map? I did a task with one of the other professors about how to number the rooms in the building. That's more of a human factors than an HCI question because there's no computers, but the same theories lay out of what's the user's mental model. And you might not want to start at the elevator where the guy from Central comes in, which you might want to start from the East or the West or the North or the South. There's professors looking at what's called crowd sourcing, asking crowds to help solve problems. And I've had to add this, but we're running studies remotely now and we're running it routinely and we're finding that sometimes some things work better now when we run remotely rather than when we, like I think you might have found it easier to get here today than having to drive into state college. There's a couple of projects looking at assistance for partially sighted or partially abled people. And there's at least three people working on those. And I think there's probably more. One of our senior professors is looking at how to encourage volunteering in the community. And how do you incentivize that? How do you record it? How do you get the information to volunteers? And if you go off into the college's website, you can find a lot more about what's going on in research. And I wanted to note then before answering, I think it was Ben's question, but I'm not sure. Why and what does research buy us? Well, it's part of the university's land grant mission, but on the student side, it's an opportunity to work in labs as an intern or as a research assistant. Interns tend not to be paid, research assistants tend to be paid. And I have had probably 20 to 30 undergrads in my lab since I've been here. And about two thirds of them are paid. And they often start off unpaid as class projects or just given a small task to see how they like it. Or they're given a small task so they can hang out and see all the things that go on. Because they do research, our professors understand and actually in some sense define the field. There's papers we write that our government reports or we help write the government write reports saying what should be done. It helps keep our courses current. And we have contacts into the next Google or the next Bell Labs to help place students because they want good students and the good students want to be where things are happening. To ask the question of how to do research, I would go farther than what Mark said. And I would say students who are interested should read the papers and the websites. And you're gonna see who does work that's interesting. Not everybody who does interesting work has spare time or spare resources or a project that's approachable. So you may wanna have students look at a couple people but you can look at what jobs are going out on the websites. You can talk with your professors that teach you. You can apply for internships on our intern site because sometimes my jobs appear on the intern site because I had two interns this summer. And we should note that the students in IST have to do an internship. If you're a woman or a minority, there's a fellowship program called Wiser Murray which helps place students into projects. And I've had a couple of students come through there. You can put your research into your class projects and appreciate vague requirements when they're available. Students often don't like vague requirements but as a researcher, I love vague requirements because I can do what I want. And the last thing I would put up, there's a integrated undergraduate graduate degree. And so if they become partially interested in research, they can take that approach. So that's the end of the presentation. We're into questions now. Thank you. You've got a question in the chat from Michael Asanti. What advice would you give to a first year PSU student currently in HHD College but interested in exploring IST majors? Some of the very little programming experiences who enjoys working with people. So HCDD seems like one potential fit. Ah, right, I was like, isn't he already in the right spot? And then I realized, ah, health and human development. Well, I think the entryway into here is to take IST 110 which is the outward facing introductory class. Let's see. I know a couple of people in HHD, they're good but they're not as technology focused as we are. You can try to get programming experience and I'm quite bullish on programming experience. I like people who are analytical in that way. My work tends to but not exclusively require that. So you might start to take the introduction to programming classes either in IST or in computer science or anywhere you can find it on campus. So I guess to summarize 110, look around at the other outward facing courses that we have and start to play around with programming on your own. R is a sort of baby steps towards programming and there's lots of materials out there in Coursera and Linda and the library would also help you. Carmen Cole is our librarian and she could help you find resources as well. As well as could the IST Advising Center. Okay, thank you very much, Frank. I think we're gonna move on. Our next speaker is Dr. Nick Jacobi who will be talking about the security and privacy group. Hi everybody, I'm Nick Jacobi and I'm one of the faculty members in the security and privacy group and teach a lot in our cyber security majors. Let me go ahead and share my screen which means I'm going to boot Frank off of the screen sharing. Sorry about that. And let's see, I think I've got the right screen so somebody can confirm that we have a cyber security analyst in operation. So I'm seeing some head nodding as yes. Confirmed. Awesome, thank you. Yeah, so we're all learning a lot about Zoom and how different ways that it works and I know a lot of you are too. So thanks for that. So I'm gonna talk a little bit today about some of the people that you and your students will meet in the security and privacy faculty area and match up a little bit about where some of us teach and some of the classes that we teach where you might run into us and give you a little bit of some hints as to who's doing what kinds of interesting research and interesting work. So feel free to ask questions along the way. You can either unmute your mic or type in the chat and somebody can keep an eye on the chat for me. That would be really helpful. Okay, so some of the cyber courses that your students might take in the cyber major, the introductory cyber 100, computer systems and literacy. You'll see some of our courses are labeled SRA or IST. That's because that's when the course was created. It was in that particular degree program at the time. You might see if you're gonna be here for another couple of years, we were gonna change a lot of those labels but the courses are gonna stay the same. So that introduction to information security SRA 221, you might see that change to cyber 221 but it's really the same course to get you oriented to security technologies and how do we secure data. The 200 level courses, cyber 262, the cyber defense studio really gets you that hands-on experience. And then we have courses at the 300 level. There's an analytics studio and an incident handling response writing course and a malware analytics class. At the 400 level, we have our network security, cyber forensics and security management classes and then our capstone. But how about the teachers, the people who are teaching these courses? At the 100 level, you might have run into a few of us. I teach cyber 100, Henry Muller has taught that as well. Ed Glance is now teaching that starting this year and we're really excited about getting students really transitioned from, hey, I can use a computer with Facebook and YouTube and Instagram and all those different kinds of things. But what's actually in the operating system and how do I make that operating system secure? So, I hope that if you've already taken this class, this seems really familiar to you. The theoretic understanding of what a computer is and how do we represent data and some little bit of historical perspectives but we really get into the meat and potatoes of how do we do like different things with windows and how do we do different things with Linux? And we take a little bit of a forward look on what might be happening with computing over time, especially when we think about quantum computing in terms of security related implications to that. At the 200th level, you might run into Dave Hosa or Anna Squeecherini or Shin Yuxing or even Peng Lu teaching either SRA 221 or Cyber 262. And all of us here in the college, especially some of our tenure track faculty members have really deep research interests. Anna Squeecherini just received an NSF grant for looking at how do we maintain privacy of vehicle location when all of our vehicles are now hyped up with a whole bunch of interesting technology to give away the vehicle location and how do we keep that private? And so that's really interesting. But many of our other research or other faculty members who have come to us as teaching faculty members have a lot of industry experience. So Dave Hosa, for example, has worked in the insurance industry for over 20 years maintaining information systems for a national insurance kind of environment. You might run into Peng Lu over in Cyber 262 and he's gonna get you really interested in software security kinds of issues and how do we do things like buffer overflows? You might have heard about that in some of your courses but he'll take you and you'll actually go really do it, which is really awesome. And so that Cyber Defense Studio, Cyber 262, really giving students that hands-on perspective of how do we implement things like access control lists and firewalls? How do we use that Metasploit tool that we've all heard about? And how do we do network-based intrusion detection by actually writing out some code to go implement it, not just turning on a system and watching it work? At the 300 level, your students will run into Johnson Canua in the malware analytics course and he'll get you really interested in taking all that data that we have in cybersecurity and how do we crunch through that algorithmically and maybe start getting into a little bit of machine learning? So our friends from over in the data sciences area, you'll hear about that in a little bit from another faculty member, but we do have these crossover, points with many folks. Joanne Pekka is a security management professional from her professional background, but you'll probably run into her in the writing course, the InSIM and handling response course, Cyber 342W. Muhammad Becky just joined us from a career of over 25 years at AT&T as a technology implementer and security manager for AT&T. So we're really excited about bringing a new talent like him into our faculty area. Chow Chiu has been with us, I think almost as much as long as Frank Ritter has been from early days of the college and you'll probably run into him in a cyber forensics class, but you might run into that at the 300 level. Let me pick one of the courses. They're Cyber 362, that's that cyber analytics studio where you do some programming over cyber security data. And maybe doing a little bit with R or a little bit with Python and digging into kind of machine learning algorithms and doing that in a very hands-on kind of way. Cyber 366 are malware analytics class. Students are really excited and sometimes a little bit scared about how do I do reverse engineering? How do I take a piece of malicious software and tear it apart and figure out what it's going to be doing from a static analysis perspective? So Muhammad Mecki is teaching that course this semester for us. And our writing intensive course, yes, we're all technologists and we like to get on the keyboard and do stuff that's very tech heavy, but we have to communicate that effectively to the real world and how do we do that to top-level executives? So our incident handling response course would really kind of get you tied into that. And that's where you might run into Joanne Pekka, maybe you run into me over there too. I teach that course as well. At the 400 level, you might run into Ding Hao Wu or Ding Hai Song. They teach courses in network security and as well as cyber forensics and they're very deep into the issues in those particular domains. New to us this year on the tenure track side is Hong Du. He came to us from Georgia Tech. And I'm still trying to figure out exactly where he fits in terms of the courses, but I'm sure when you run into him, you'll catch his excitement about everything in the cybersecurity more of a software security kind of perspective. And you might also run into Mike Hills, the 400 level and he teaches our network security class as well. So there are a lot of us that do different kinds of things. One of the classes I get to teach and I'm excited about doing it the next semester is our capstone for cyber 440 and it's a large scale analytic challenge. Our students are going to get somewhere between 75 and 100 gigs worth of cyber data from an advanced persistent threat incident. It's all fabricated as some students who are working on building that right now for our spring class and it's a very technically oriented, very challenging, but it pulls together all the different parts and pieces of our major. And so I'm really excited about getting those students that experience that they're ready to then go out into the real world and probably do some of the same kinds of things we do in this course on a regular basis. But it's that very technically oriented perspective and then switching and being able to communicate to our top local executives. I'd also wanted to mention we do have the national security agencies center for academic excellence in cyber defense education. That means that our program has been certified vetted by the NSA's program to meet the standards that are expected in terms of cyber security education. If you're a student who's interested in government employment, you definitely want to add this on to your degree plan. And it's the same courses that you're going to be taking anyway. They're all the same courses that are required in the cyber major, but that's going to be able to give you that ability to speak effectively to the folks in the recruiting offices for the, especially for government or government contract environments. It says, yes, I'm in an NSA CAE program and that might open some doors for you. One of the doors that it might open for you if you're a sophomore this year, you can apply for the, one of the two scholarships that we have in the college, the scholarship for service program matches up students to careers across the federal government. And so we have, I think it's nine students who are on that scholarship this year. And they're going to go off to really interesting places like the NSA, like CIA, as well as to a variety of places across the Department of Defense and across the Department of Homeland Security, and we'll throw them down into the state and local government doing cybersecurity jobs. There's also the DOD scholarship, the Cyber Security Scholarship Program, CYSP, and we have seven students who are on that scholarship this year. Most of them are going off to work for the Department of the Navy through a relationship that we have with them, although we have some other students who are going to different places across the Department of Defense. And these are all government civilian positions, GS positions that those students go to compete for. So if you're looking for some scholarship money for your last two years of school, I'd want to encourage you to apply for those, both those application windows open up at the beginning of spring semester. Okay, so it looks like Frank Ritter's clock says I've got four minutes open for questions and I didn't see anything come in in the chat. So I'm really excited about answering any questions that you might have. Let me go ahead and grab those links from that and I'll stick those scholarship links into our chat. He thinks he's looking into it. So I see a question that says, is the NSA CAE open for the SRA majors as well? The CAE program, if you're in the SRA ICS option, if you're still one of those students who's in that, then yes, that is open for you. But there's also a letter of commendation if you are in any of our majors is connected to cybersecurity. So you do have the option for that as well. And then I hear somebody ask a question on audio and I'll make the, I missed you. Nick, you said that the application for these scholarships would come out would be available in spring? Yes, that's correct. So right towards the beginning of the spring semester, you'll see us release the dates. If you go to the websites that I'm putting in the chat right now, you'll see last year's dates, but they're about the same time for next year. So think about that. Just add another year to those date timelines. And that's when you should expect us to do those. We'll probably make the formal announcements for those to come out before the end of the semester to see the timelines for that. Thank you very much. Nick, there's another question. Is the NSA CAE for SRA majors as well? Yeah, I just mentioned that. And so the NSA CAE program is for IST majors for SRA majors for cybersecurity majors across all of our campuses. And if you look at the courses that are there in the program for the CAE, if you don't meet all of those requirements because maybe you're an IST and you're only doing say an SRA minor, you might not do all of those, but you can definitely still receive not necessarily the certificate of completion, but there's a letter of commendation. And either one of those can definitely be a talking point on the resume. If you have questions about that, feel free to reach out to me. I'd be glad to talk with you about it. Or Dr. Mike Hills, who's the PI of that particular program. Well, I'm going to go ahead and give back a little bit of time. If you do have some questions, feel free to reach out either direct message me in the chat or feel free to reach out to me at a later point. I'll drop my email address in the chat as well. So Jeff, back to you. Great. Thank you very much, Nick. And somebody asked earlier in the thread whether these presentations would be made available. One already has showed up in the chat. The rest will also be made available. And again, this is being recorded. So this will be available too. So thank you very much, Nick. Up next is Dr. John Yen, who's going to talk about data sciences. So John, take it away. Thank you, Jeff. Hi, everybody. I'm John Yen. I'm a professor in the college of information, sciences and technology. It's very good. Great pleasure to be able to talk to you a little bit about data science program and some of the data science faculty. Share screen. John. Yes. So here's a, we've hacked to zoom. And created a timer as a background. If you want to use it. Oh, okay. Great. You don't have to use it. I just, you know, we created it for a conference and used it last week. Okay. Great. Thank you. I'm also setting my own time. Apple. Okay. Great. Thank you, Jeff. Thank you, Frank. So one of the question often asked about data science, since this is a relatively new term is, how is it different from X? You know, X can be computer science can be statistics. It can be, you know, other terms people may have heard about. So I first want to say a few words about data science, but sometimes that may be a kind of a catching free catching sentence probably is helpful. So one sentence I hope you can bring with you today is data science is provide data driven intelligence to an AI system. So kind of data science and AI is very much related even though they are not entirely the same. An AI system is inspired by our understanding about human intelligence. Since after all we, as far as we know, we are the smartest species in the universe. And so a lot of idea in AI really came from human intelligence. So in human intelligence, we perceive from our environment through our senses, eyes, ears, and we interpret what we see. And then we predict based on what we interpret about the world, about things we cannot observe directly or predict about the future. And then we make a decision and actions. And then the cycle continue. And some people refer to this as a sense interpret, predict action cycles. And data science provide a critical intelligence to such AI system through the data driven intelligence. More specifically, it creates so-called predictive model that enable an AI system to do better predictions and interpretation. For example, suppose we imagine AI systems that monitor patients after a surgery. Could be heart surgery, could be obvious surgery. And you can imagine the AI system will consist of wearable sensors, because wearable sensors enable the patient's condition to be monitored 24-7. And that interpret, then based on the sensor, then the state of the patient will be continually monitored, update. And more importantly, to be able to predict whether there will be risk of these patients in the coming one hour, five hour, 10 hour, 24 hours and so on. And then based on that prediction to take preventive action to alert or to even send kind of signals to 911 or to hospitals. And the key of such an intelligent system is the capability to do critical predictions. And we call these models predictive model. And they came from machine learning and data science. And based on this particular survey, AI and data science and machine learning engineers are very, have a very promising career. And we have seen report like this in other sources. They are all surveyed across industry sectors about what they see in terms of the potential importance of data science or big data. And most of the industry sector actually see that as either critical or very important or important. And these are some of the skill set also being identified as critically important for data science related career. And this is kind of a simple mapping of how our courses are related, provided knowledge and skills identified by these surveys. Even though the courses were created independent of the survey. But this is kind of a good example to demonstrate that the data science education provides solid knowledge and skills to prepare students for this exciting career. The curriculum of data science also include the courses drawn from different colleges, including from computer science, from statistics. But it also adds additional important elements for data science education, as well as understanding about critical privacy and ethics issue. Mark earlier talked about the human dimensions of the college. And obviously that is also very important in the data science education. They are also very important application focus area. For the data science education. And like the cyber program, we also have capstone courses. And we also have Sharon, who is the application, who is the data science program coordinator here. Sharon, would you like to say a few words about the application focus area? Hi, everyone. Sure. I will be happy to. So the application focus areas is a key feature of our data sciences program. We advise our students early on in the first two years that they should look for another discipline that they are interested in applying data science to solve problems in that in that domain. On the slide, you can see some of the focus areas that we have developed in life sciences, health sciences, sustainability, physical sciences, business, and so on. This way students can plan their four course sequence in an application focus area early on. They can take some lower level courses, typically two lower level courses as prerequisites to two higher levels, like 300, 400 level courses in that area. This way, beside data science, they also have the ability to express in depth in another area, and they can apply the techniques and the skills that they have learning data science to solve important problems seen in these other areas that they have chosen. So we have seen students who are interested in, for instance, applying data science to business analytics, to life sciences, to health sciences, among others. Thank you very much, Sharon. And is Mark here? Mark? Yeah, I'm here. Great. So Mark is one of our key faculty member of the data science program. He will talk about, in addition to capstone, he also has taught data science 220 and other courses, but here we will share some of the interesting capstone project his student has developed. Mark? Yeah, just really quickly. So when the students reach their senior year, usually their last one or two semesters, they take like another major's capstone experience, and this gives them an opportunity to do data science, typically for an industry or a university sponsor. So they're really working on a small team of students, just like they will in their first jobs, a team of data scientists, but they'll have to communicate with people who may not, you know, in the industry who may not speak data science. And so we have a couple of interesting projects that have come up recently, and I'm happy to talk to anyone else about the capstone experience. And this one that was from spring semester 2020, a team of students was working with sponsor MIT Lincoln Lab, and they were also engaged with the New Jersey Office of Homeland Security and Amazon Web Services to develop artificial intelligence solutions to look at aerial images from civilian aerial photographs and try to identify natural disasters. If you look at this picture from far away, for example, it's hard to tell whether this might be some sort of a lake, a beautiful lake resort community or a flood, right? And it's challenging for a human to do that. Sometimes it's even more challenging for a computer, and the student team was able to develop a method to automatically identify images of disasters, different natural disasters with 80% accuracy, and this is integrated into an existing solution used by the New Jersey Office of Homeland Security. And the students actually went to a professional conference and published their results there and talked about it. So the next one real quick. I don't want to take a lot of time, but this is one from this semester just to show you how they're doing some timely things. This is a team this semester who's working for Penn State Hershey Medical Center, very large medical center in central Pennsylvania, and they're, it's a team of mixed industrial engineering and data science students, and they're developing a system to address critical PPE shortages throughout the health system. When PPE masks and gloves and things like that are distributed across the health system, you can imagine there's many, many different nursing stations. It's hard to keep track of stocks and to know when to order. You know, you don't want to order too much because stuff might not be available or it might be too expensive at a certain time. So you don't want to be able to predict when stocks are going to be running low. So that's what the team is working on this semester. Thank you Mark. Speaking of COVID actually, it also provide a natural transition into Justin because he's one of our faculty members who has done very interesting research, especially on COVID related. Justin. Hi, so thanks for having me. So I recently moved to Penn State just at the beginning of the year and I was hoping for a pretty quiet transition. But unfortunately COVID happened and a lot of my research is in the analysis of biomedical data and end up in a bit of an interesting place where I started tracking the outbreak around the world and noticing that the number of cases were not making sense with the rate of growth. Basically the short story was that we ended up finding that about 80 times more people in the U.S. have been infected in the month of March than were officially reported. And this ended up sort of going to the highest levels of government and public policy. And it's been sort of a wild ride ever since. But yeah, happy to take questions or you know, chat about it offline. And it didn't realize Justin was going to be here today, but he's also advising one of the capstone teams this semester on a project related to this, which is great. Thank you. Thank you for teaching the machine learning course. Great. Thank you, Justin. And Justin also bring a very unique combination of both Ph.D. and M.D. into our college and he will strengthen our bridge, which already is already have some of the most important part of the project. But he certainly will bring unique expertise to help us to strengthen our research, connecting to health related challenges. Thank you, Justin. Thank you. And Sharon actually also has done a lot of interesting work related to biomedical images. Sharon. Hi. Thank you. So I'm Sharon Huang. I just talked to you earlier about the data science program coordinator. And in this role, I oversee the curriculum enhancement and also advising of students. For instance, I advise a lot of students and help them develop their application focus areas. And this semester, I'm also teaching one section of a freshman seminar for data science students. And besides my service work, of course, my other activities center around my research and teaching. For my research, I work on developing machine learning systems for biomedical imaging analytics applications. For instance, in this picture showing this slide, in this example, we are developing a machine learning system for analyzing MRI images of the brain to automatically delineate the boundary of brain tumors. Because if you know the boundaries, that will be helpful for radiation therapy planning, quantitative measurement of tumor size changes over time, and so on. And in other works, we have developed methods and systems for early detection and diagnosis of cancer. And right now, we're also working with physicists and material scientists to develop a handheld device for automatic virus identification using signatures of these viruses. For instance, you can use machine learning to analyze Romance patrocity data viruses and then find signatures that indicate which virus this is. And so that's some example research work that I have been doing. For my teaching, I have been teaching data science courses. For instance, I teach DS220, that is the data management course. That is a core course for all DS students. I also taught DS330, which is data visualization. And in that course, we introduced techniques to create visual representations of data and also present those using dynamic web pages. And also we teach students how to present their findings in visual form, in reports, and so on. And that's me. Thank you. Thank you, Sharon. Vasan, are you here? So Dr. Vasan Funnova is also one key faculty member here. He also is a national leader in many areas. We are into data science, machine learning. And I just want to also mention that he also played critical role in the data science curriculum, including designing important courses, designing the curriculum, and also teach, yes, talk to machine learning course and other courses. So I just want to stop here to see whether anybody have any questions. Thank you. Are there any questions? There are some general questions that we will answer in the general Q&A and we'll also get the URLs posted. But any questions for data science specifically? Okay. Oh. Oh, no, that's Frank. Okay. All right, in that case, let's thank the data science group for their presentation. Thank you very much. And we'll move on to the final segment today, which is our Academic Services Introductions and Q&A. And we will have a panel presentation by Angela Miller, Zoe Meyer, Susan Agee, and Mithavi Kari. So let's welcome all of them. Good morning. So I'm Angela Miller, and I serve as the Director of Undergraduate Recruiting and Student Engagement for the College of IST. So that's a whole lot of title to go for one job. But I wanted to just welcome everybody today and say that the first time you might see myself or my staff is when your students are in high school and they might be interested in learning more about the college. And so that's the recruiting side of the job that I do. And then student engagement is something that we handle once the students are actually present physically or remotely with us at Penn State in the College of IST. And essentially what that does is we assist students with finding different groups of people that they might want to connect with to learn more about either topic areas in their major or just connect with other college students with a common goal or common interest. It's all of the co-curricular learning that takes place outside of the classroom. So study abroad is included in that particular portfolio as well as assisting our undergraduate research and helping students find their fit there. So I'm happy to say questions about anything that we do but I'll go ahead and turn it over to the rest of my colleagues. I can go. Hi, my name is Zoe Meyer and I'm the director for the office of career solutions and corporate engagement. So our office is primarily responsible for helping both students and parents are on. So the students become professionally ready for their careers or full-time careers and for their internships. So we work very closely with the employers that are helping students and very closely with just about every single student and helping them with resumes, interview prep, understanding our job posting system. We manage the career fairs in the college which our first one was virtual this year and actually went over pretty well. So we were happy about that. We are still providing a lot of opportunities for students even though they are virtual this year. There's still a lot of employers that are helping students to engage with these recruiters. So I'm also happy to answer any questions and we're glad that you're here. Okay, so I'm Susan Agee and I'm the director of the Undergraduate Advising Center and our office works to support students by helping them explore and identify academic goals, navigate this thing called Penn State University with policies and procedures. There's a lot of those things that are sometimes confusing and so we're also interested in making sure that students become self-directed learners and decision makers. So this is just a short time that they're spending with us but hopefully we're helping them to prepare for their future. But we're also here if students are struggling. So if students are struggling in their courses or they're having challenges outside of the classroom then we're here to help them with any kind of finding resources or academic support that would be appropriate for that particular situation. Right now we are assisting students with planning their spring schedules and reviewing graduation requirements. So to all you students out there make sure you're connecting with your advisor. Everybody gets an assigned advisor from when they come through our new student orientation or when they actually join the major. So everybody should have an assigned advisor and we want to make sure that you're ready to schedule courses when that becomes available right now because of the the way that courses are being offered this semester you know with remote learning and mixed mode learning. We're still trying to figure that out for the spring semester and so registration has been delayed a little bit but we're hoping to get everybody through registration in the month of November. So we're hoping things will start in October, mid-October, end of October and then to be wrapped up by the end of November. So somewhat similar you know and we are working virtually like a lot of our colleagues but you know you can make an appointment through Starfish and we're still here to help you. So welcome and I look forward to your questions. Hi everyone my name is Madhavi Kari. I'm the assistant director for the Office of Inclusion and Diversity Engagement. So our office is here to continue to build, foster and support a welcoming environment for all faculty, staff and students. And what we do for students we connect students with resources and various professional and academic opportunities they need to succeed and thrive here at Penn State and in the future. And welcome and we look forward to your questions. Thank you. In regards to freshmen doing internships and we go discouraging when freshmen go to career fairs and they say it's a great opportunity to understand that frustration. However that is not for every company. A lot of places it might be maybe a smaller company that they can start with just to get their feet wet and maybe not go for one of the large Fortune 500 companies right off the bat because oftentimes they do look for juniors or upperclassmen. So I would encourage students who are freshmen to maybe look for a smaller company or even not as much focus on the 300-hour internship that the students are required to do, but to maybe look for some of the smaller projects, you know, the smaller things that they can get involved and it doesn't need to be an internship to gain experience. It could be just a project with an organization to kind of get their feet wet which will ultimately maybe lead to an internship. And I did just see Nick chime in that PPG is actually a company freshman program and through that program they do usually want to continue the students for several internships after that. So if this is a student or a parent I'm sorry I'm not aware, but have your students reach out to us and come see us and we can get them connected for the organizations that are interested in hiring freshmen or at least give them some advice as to what they can do. Okay and I'll take the data sciences major and application focus area question. And yes, students are able to have a custom, what we call custom application focus and that is, as Sharon mentioned, she does advise students with what would be appropriate for maybe a custom focus. So we do have set courses that are already established and have been vetted through our faculty and but if there's something that is unique and different, we encourage that as well. We can't plan for everything and the university is quite broad with the courses that they offer and the interests that our students have. So Sharon and her team are there to help with students craft a custom focus if that's something that they want to do. So yes, we do have that available. We had a question quite a while ago from Svalono asking what are the typical career paths for an IST grad. That seems like a good general question to say for this panel. Okay, so I just posted a link. I'm going to, I'm a little wonky sometimes sharing my screen, but I'm going to try this. No, of course I'm having problems. I did post a link in the chat that will show you where you can go. And there's a section on there which I posted the link earlier that shows you career paths and what you can do is you can click on like the major. So if it's cybersecurity, you could click on cybersecurity and then it will drop down and show you different job titles and descriptions of what they are, which I think is really helpful, especially for people who might not understand the lingo. Sometimes it can be totally overwhelming. So I think that is helpful. There's also another section on that page that will show you what students have done for past internships broken down by the major, which I again think is very helpful because we get that question a lot from parents like what this isn't computer science, what is my son going to do or my daughter going to do. So you can click right into that page and I can send and I'll put that direct link in the chat as well and see what other students have done. You can really break it down. You can, the student themselves can actually get in and look if they wanted to see this past summer or the summer from 19 what students in their exact major have done. You can break it down. You can see the company name. You can see their job title and a brief description of the internship, which I think is helpful not only to see what they've done but to see maybe a list of companies sort of by state and see maybe who was in Pennsylvania. I just think it's a really helpful resource. So I'll share that link again in the chat. And I think there was another question too, I guess earlier about application focuses for cyber. So just in general any of our majors that have application focus areas can have custom focus you know areas and courses that they are taking. So I guess Nick said that he would be able to answer a question from somebody who was interested in HCDD custom focus. Yeah, so I just wanted to mention kind of how application focuses generally work for each of our majors we do have a focus of the predefined focuses and I think I'm sharing my screen from the undergraduate bulletin and this is where you can really start to go take a look at where these exist. I'm going to just show the over in cybersecurity and the cybersecurity focus areas. I'm on the bulletin and I go down to the suggested academic plan section and in the suggested academic plan list out all of the different courses for each semester, etc. You're used to probably seeing this. But if you scroll down to the bottom you'll see the list of the predefined application focuses and here is one in health care for the cyber major and a student who's really interested in doing cybersecurity in the health care arena here's a list of courses that you would be able to pick from to do that predefined focus and so go take a look at each one of these except I think the student was asking a question about was it about cyber major with the health care focus or was it about HCDV with the health care focus I can't remember I'm going to take a look it was a question about cyber and health care I think that was Richard so I hope that answers your question. Sometimes you'll note that certain courses are offered at different campuses and in this particular focus we do have a couple of courses that are offered by the nursing school and they're online through a world campus and they have them at a couple of the other non-university campuses as well. So just look for those little notes along the way as to which focus courses are at which campuses and if you ever have questions talk to your academic advisors and then get the program coordinator for that major involved if you need a deeper answer. Another question that was asked quite a while ago I don't think it ever got answered James Carell asked what are common IST major combinations for students in engineering computer science program. So I'll take a stab at that well first of all engineering would probably be better able to answer questions related to their majors that's in the College of Engineering so we don't recognize for students in the College of Engineering but that we do have a minor so students can complete the minors in IST or SRA that might be something that could be of interest. We don't have students don't have the ability to do a double major in courses that are both in the College of Engineering and in the College of IST because of limited resources but those are probably the two minors that would be best suited I would think for students in the College of Engineering but I again recommend that you talk to your advisor in the College of Engineering so I hope that answered the question to the best. In the meantime we have a new question in chat are internships usually applied for in the fall or is applying in the spring too late? Well it's a long question but I'll leave it with that. I didn't read the whole question the heaviest recruiting time is in the fall so if this is not too early to start planning for a summer internship however spring is not too late to look for an internship but if you're looking for a summer internship now is when you want to start looking recruiters are actively hiring and starting to interview and this is the time to begin looking because if you don't find something you definitely want to keep doing that through the spring no fall is not too early. And I've had a chance to read the rest of the question now and there is a second part which has to do with COVID and how the world of zoom is affecting internships. Recruiters are pretty much using the virtual world to recruit so like I said earlier career fair was entirely remotely we are not having employers on campus this semester which is a little bit different so it's definitely up to the students to take advantage of the opportunities that we're sharing with them they get a weekly email every week that shows them the upcoming events the virtual events that they need to take advantage of and again it's up to the student to kind of jump into these calls and jump on the webinars and the info sessions it's no different than if they were on campus not physically in their faces so it is up to them to take advantage of these and the students who are doing that are finding the opportunity so it really isn't affecting the recruiting process it's just different. Thank you. As far as I know we're caught up in the chat so please anybody take ask a question out loud or put something in chat here we go from Richard what's the difference between IST and CS who wants to take that? I love this question so hi everybody Nick Jacoby again I get this question a lot and the students are really interested in trying to figure out if I'm going to be in computer science what am I going to get if I'm going to go over and do something in IST maybe the HCDD major might be the closest one that you would really look at and here's what I'll tell you is that the computer scientists are really interested in the efficiency of the algorithm they're really interested in the correct solution to the problem and then once they have solved that particular algorithmic problem or NP hard problem or whatever it might be they're very interested in saying let's now go on to the next problem that no one has ever solved so they're interested in algorithms, algorithmic development algorithmic efficiency and I can't describe that as the inside the computer perspective whereas in IST we're kind of interested in well yeah we write code and we do some stuff like that but we're more interested in how people have problems that have information and technology components to them and how do we go about solving those problems for people and organizations so we describe that as the ITP triangle information technology and people and you know these problems are hard and well sure the computer scientists might have come up with the right algorithm to solve the problem but somebody has to go and actually implement it and be able to figure out oh here's what these users have problems with today and so I'll say that's one piece of the puzzle so if you want to be inside the computer perspective or you want to be kind of in the applied perspective of solving problems for people with technology that would be the difference between the two and I see that John Yen has opened up his screen I bet he has yet a different perspective to this I can be agree with you next I just want to add it that for data science major the data science major actually data sciences major is a trichology major it includes College of Engineering actually computer science and statistics because the major offers three options our college actually carries most of the courses and the option in our college is applied data science option the computer science has the computational data science option and the statistics holds the statistical modeling data science option and one of the questions sometimes people ask is what's the difference between these three options so just very quickly that as I mentioned earlier the data science include combination of computational and statistical method to apply to an application domain and so depending on whether a student is more interested in kind of focusing on application domain and understand how to solve problems from application perspective and that would be ideal for applied data science option if somebody is primarily interested just more on the computational method itself not so much of attention to the application then that's computational and similarly it finds primarily interested in a statistical method not so much in application then it's a statistical data option thank you thank you for those great answers to a great question what else is on people's minds we still have a few minutes left here I like to have awkward silences because often it takes people a moment to formulate a question so we'll pause a little bit longer Jeff I just want to mention that somebody asked me to whether the slides of our presentation can be shared so I posted the link on my google drive I believe everybody can download it thank you thank you you're welcome Jeff this is Karen I think there is one question in chat that we have not yet addressed and the question is if someone is in D.U.S but interested in I.S.T how can they get on those weekly emails referring to the career solutions weekly email if so they can definitely you can just email careers at ist.psu.edu and I'll put that in the chat and then we can add you to the weekly email we do that with several D.U.S. students because when we speak in the 110 classes we always get D.U.S. students that say I'd like to know like what opportunities they are out there with employers and things like that so we can certainly include them that's not a problem at all they just need to send us an email thank you for putting the address in there I'd like to go ahead and chime into a little bit we have a lot of students who start their career at Penn State undecided they're not sure what they might want to do and so they do contact the undergraduate recruiting office oftentimes sometimes they'll contact academic advising just to talk a little bit about what next steps might be and to get a little bit more information so I'm going to go ahead and post a link to our prospective student page that actually gives a video tour for each of our majors the exception being our new ETI major we are still in process of working on that particular video but these videos are real short like a minute seconds and they are from the student perspective so students who either have recently graduated or still in our college we had an opportunity to talk with them about their experiences in each of their majors and so they are featured there so for any student who is undecided and just kind of wants to get a student perspective I would recommend that they go ahead and check out that page thank you for that so I was away from the board because there was a groundhog oddly enough hasn't been said before but I wanted to address Richard Chang's comment even if it had been addressed although I saw Nick addressed it I've lived next to these two departments for a long time IST is more interested in applications and it's interested in certain aspects of computer science that the computer science department is not interested in so not that we're very active in software engineering but we have some we're interested more in databases we're much more interested in artificial intelligence we're interested in human computer interaction and those core topics of computer science as noted by the association of computing machinery or ACM are seen by our colleagues in computer science as not all caps computer science and so we do certain topics in computer science that they're not interested in but they tend to be fair they could be categorized as applied and so we don't really do fundamental work in algorithms although my advisor said a good applied problem raises fundamental issues and so so algorithm theory operating systems for their own sake, compilers power allocation within a computer are topics that they cover and they're much more interested in than we are we both cover security to a certain extent and in certain ways how's that does that answer your question Richard Chang he said yes in the chat so thanks for chiming in with that Frank I think that was a really good perspective and we're just about out of time I'd like to note one of my most recent graduate came out of computer science so we do cooperate with them where we can and one of the best undergrads I've had is a computer science undergrad so you know collaboration and sharing does happen across departments not as much as some universities rather than others so Richard Chang had a quick follow-up question if somebody quickly wants to answer it I would quickly add well I've got the floor that IST majors have gone into CS departments and they can legitimately claim to have had a computer science related degree depending on what they did right so the question was do companies see cyber as a major or do they really want computer science people yeah that's that is an interesting question and some companies are kind of like vapor locked on a degree title and there's one particular government organization that I had a nice discussion with the other actually last year the career fair and they said oh well we want computer scientists and then I talked to their senior recruiter and he said oh my gosh are people telling them that you know in some roles they want a computer scientist and in other roles they want someone who has a cyber security major I think companies are really trying to figure this out right now and they're really trying to understand those differentiated factors some of our cyber security students are very much in the security management space and then the use of system space some are very down in the weeds in terms of writing code and implementing things that have never been created before and so it really really depends on who you are you're more than just your major you're more than just that label you're a combination of all of your experiences and all of your capabilities so you know get somebody to look past just what the label is on your major and if they're companies who just can't see that you know shake their hand thank them very much for their time and move on to a company that does see that value and they're out there and they're certainly the ones that are coming to our career fair more so than many others great thank you very much for that Nick and I would just add to that I think there's also been a trend over the last 10 years increasing recognition of what not only IST here at Penn State but the whole high school phenomenon is adding and contributing to the whole sector so I think that's going to continue to improve over time and at this point I'd like to just wrap everything up here I'd like to I hope next year we can do all this in person rather than via Zoom but I'd like to thank all my colleagues faculty and staff alike for their generosity on a Saturday morning coming out and doing this I think it really speaks well for the school that we've got such strong participation from everybody so I want to thank everybody for that and finally I'd like to thank the Groundhog for a very unexpected cameo so much appreciation to the Groundhog and with that we'll wrap this up I think some of us might stick around in case there's some more informal Q&A afterwards but I think we're going to wrap this up formally now so thank you very much