 Thank you So I won't welcome to each and every one of you who are taking part in this webinar Friday the 6th of March 2020 This is a webinar hosted by Eden the European Distance and e-learning network And we used to take part in the open education week every year I think we have done it for some four years by now at least and we used to have one webinar each day So I had the honor and pleasure to host the the last day for the open education week hosted by Eden There's a great pleasure to be here together with my co-presenters and also together with the Eden Secretariat and Also being together with all of you who are taking part in this webinar And then see that people are still coming in and then you are warming up We have this system by Eden that's when you take part in Webinars like this one you get also a badge So that's important by your need to register and if you haven't done so, please do that And you will get an open batch to collect for your Merits for taking part in Both formal and informal learning opportunities and for those of you who are presenters you get also a batch of course, but the presenter batch So today's topic is about micro learning and quality for lifelong learning in the digital age And I will be your moderator for this session But I will also present myself and then I'm a professor in innovation in open online learning and I'm also in Eden in their security committee And I'm also in the Eden Council of Fellows and I also share the Eden special interest group about quality in technology-enabled learning and I'm also in it in ICD, EC, ICD is the International Council for distance and open distance education And I'm in the EC there and I'm sharing also the ICD OER, Open Education Resources Advocacy Committee I'm based in Sweden and I'm also the president of the Swedish associations for distance education This webinar will be recorded. So you will get the link afterwards to look at it again and the presentations will be there and you can also come to share it with your colleagues and followers and In case you are Talking about this webinar during we are going on please use the hashtag and maybe you can provide that for us in the chat How to use the hashtags? Thank you so much So please remember to use the hashtags in case you are letting other people in who are not just here in the room with us Maybe they would like to take part in our conversation the two social media and they are most welcome to do so We have a very very interesting section today about micro learning which really really is a hot topic For many reasons although it has been around for many many years and we will go through it during this webinar We have four presenters is Professor Badal Khan. It is a Professor Josef Verne Kobe and Professor Maria Elena Kobe and myself and On the side here. You have also the contact details for all of us and it isn't as you saw in the program as well Dr. Badal Khan he will Be now webinar with From a video he has done for us So he will not be here in present in them in the photos you can not see him there But he is together with us and he has sent his regards to each and every one of you of course So first I would like to say something very short about Eden Eden is the European distance and e-learning network and it's the largest active and developing professional community of researchers and petitioners of open distance and e-learning in Europe Although this European network we have many participants At our conferences for example, but those are members from other Places around in the world and we are very very happy and pleased for that It is the most comprehensive European non-for-profit non-governmental association of its kind and it was established in 1991 So we are almost 30 years old and in summer we will celebrate our 29th annual conference in Romania My last slide for this webinar is about that It is a platform for professional cooperation and information exchange It's open for all levels of sectors of education. So from the K12 to higher education non-formal and informal learning private organizations So it is a very broad network and you can really find People and projects of interest if you join us with Eden You can do that as an institution or as an individual member And also for networks for of course We are registered in the UK, but we have our secretariat in Hungary since 1997 And we have at least three persons from the secretariat here at our webinar. It is Dora It is Linda and it is Jabba So thank you very much again for being with us We have also a special interest group as I briefly mentioned I'm in the share of the Eden special interest group on technology enable learning tell and quality enhancement And we are a network of people who are interested in this topic at Michael learning is of course a lot of the topics which is that very highly of interest with this group as well. We have also an nap committee and the nap organization. It's a network of practitioners Within the area of e-learning and open online learning So the topic for today is about Michael learning and that is a very hot topic for the moment due to many reasons first of all to the rise of technology But also about the personalized mobile learning to bite fast learning snippets And of course the global challenges with the rise of digitalization use of internet use of social media them of change them up of free People are moving around and we cannot at least see the value of online learning possibilities with this corona virus Which we are facing all of us around the world for the moment It's also a topic for life on learning and for life by learning so people can learn throughout life due to micro learning and then writing of good quality micro learning That says the learning possibilities Is considered as very successful and very attractive for learners because it is Allow just for me and just for time learning And both for training but also for learn for learning as such and for achievements and development in different kind of context It is very cost effective and it is meaningful for the learners and there are many solutions for each individuals so for this webinar we have invited experts So we will have a conversation and discussion about this very very interesting topic to allow quality learning possibilities for all in just for me and just for time just in time You are all very welcome to us to raise their questions or issues or links in the chat And then the end of the presentation we will take up Those questions which you have raised and we will have a conversation So we have plenty of time in the end to discuss. So you're very welcome to yeah with questions whatever you like and I saw that No, it's just where my remember us again about to register if you haven't done so Then you get the link for the webinar and you get also the badge So with that, I will welcome again to each of you Then I will leave the floor to my co-presenters But you can use of an echo bail and Maria Elena Cobale for the floor. It's yours. Thank you very much Thank you, Eva Welcome to today's presentation or webinar Dr. Badul Khan, Dr. Maria Elena Corbea and myself are working on a on a book right now that will be published in early 2021 Titled micro learning in the digital age the design and delivery of learning snippets and When we were preparing for this book We we had several questions about what we we wanted to learn ourselves about micro learning And we've been doing the research on that. So today's presentation Will involve Several questions that we thought were important that needed to be addressed in this book and that I think Would be an interesting Conversation to have today. So with that We'll go ahead and get started My name is Joseph Rene Corbea, and I'm a professor at the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley I teach educational technology courses that are fully online For the master of education in educational technology I've been teaching online for approximately 23 years as a matter of fact I was one of I developed one of the very first online courses for our university and For the UT system when it was developing its online Telecampus Maria Lena you want to say a little bit? Hi, my name is Maria Lena Corbea I am also a professor of educational technology at the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley We are in the tip of Texas at Brownsville, Texas And the University is also in Edinburgh and Harlingen, Texas I've been teaching and designing courses online for a little less about 15 years And Rene and I both develop undergraduate Masters and doctoral courses We mentor faculty who are new to educational technology or teaching online and Remembers of several professional organizations. We are new to Eden, but this will certainly not be our last time So thank you for welcoming us and then dr. Khan He was actually my mentor When I was going through the masters in educational technology I was his research assistant when he was a very very young professor This was back in 1996 1997 He was working on his very first book titled web-based instruction, which became a global bestseller and it pretty much launched his career made him kind of the the Expert on web based on I think it says on on his website that he's recognized as The expert on modern e-learn So we've been collaborating and communicating over these 23 years But more recently within the last seven or eight years Maria Lena and I have been working with him on several projects Including two published books and and the third one which we were working on right now And as ever mentioned dr. Khan can't join us today because he's traveling To another conference as a matter of fact, but he did record an introduction and a welcome that we'd like to go ahead and Share with you at this time Co-editors dr. Corbace Greetings to everyone. My name is Badrul Khan. Sorry. I couldn't be with you today Maybe I can join you later because I have another schedule I have to go through So two of my co-editors dr. Corbace will go to you talking about micro learning So micro learning as you know as the definition that we will show is a single objective and It's just a brief and it must Be competency based So think about an umbrella so an umbrella has so many spokes and each spoke of the umbrella could be Could be an objective and So this objective must be taught In a very micro learning way very brief way three to five minutes is the maximum If you do a video snippets Learning snippets, which I call So to create engaging this brief competence based Micro learning based on a single learning objective One has to follow Some guidelines so I created an e-learning framework Which is basically looks like in my bookshelf here This is one of the book that we did and this is the framework. So each micro learning must have this eight dimensions of Khan's e-learning framework pedagogy technology interface design management evaluation ethical consideration etc so each e-learning Micro learning unit should follow this framework. So my Colleagues will be talking about the framework So that each unit is micro learning unit must be Meaningful the overall goal the overall goal of the umbrella is to protect you from rain or sunshine at the same time Each objectives They are working toward The achieving the goal of your course, so they may have 40 objectives, but there is only one goal. So each objective deals with a specific task for the whole goal of the umbrella So these are known as learning snippets. In fact in 2007 I Author an article called learning snippets for meaningful e-learning implementation. So you need to think about two things one is Informational one is instructional informational about a camera the description of camera is the information but how to Teach one to use Operator the camera is instruction. So we are talking about micro learning. We are talking about not talking about the information We are talking about Instruction that will lead to learning so from the perspective in instructional design and my Octagonal e-learning framework, this will be your focus for creating meaningful usable micro learning and I hope to see you in another Events in person or virtually. Thank you so much for watching for some of you that have difficulty hearing the the audio Basically, he just gave a very very brief overview of what we're going to be talking about today so one of the first questions that that we Test ourselves with is to try to figure out what exactly micro learning is We've all heard the term. It's actually that a term that's been in use for Over 20 years, I think now actually The the concept has been has existed longer than 20 years Theo hug in 2007 in his book micro Dictatics of micro learning was credited with pointing the term micro learning So the concept's been around for a very very long time But if you ask different people what it is They may not be able to come up with the same exact Definition but there are several key words that we've noticed through the literature that seem to come up Over and over again and and this word cloud that I created represents some of those key words that we've come across Micro learning is just in time. It's mobile. It's self-directed. It's self-paced. It's cost-effective. It's bite-sized It's visual. It's short. It's accessible and so on you can see all the different terms and We one of the first tasks that we Said about doing is to try to define micro learning for the context of our book And this is the definition that we came up with it is not the all You know comprehensive definition, but I think it's one that works for us and in the context of the scope and focus of our book It's micro learning can be viewed as a single objective focused outcome based standalone Meaningful and interactive learning unit delivered in bite-sized snippets And this could be a very short modular format either digitally via computer tablet or mobile phone or non-digitally via a flash card or booklet and Designing and delivering micro learning requires thoughtful analysis and investigation of how to use the learning media's potential in Concert with instructional design principles and issues Critical to various dimensions of the learning environment. So it's a long definition But basically that that's how we're operationally defining it in in our program And so as we looked at topics that were up and coming that a zone and ever shared earlier Micro learning's been around a long time But a question we had is is it here to stay and the answer from the research We've done and talking to people, you know all over the world and many of our co-authors the answer is a definitive Yes, a report came out recently in the many reports online that Support this but a report came out recently that says that the global micro learning market size Is expected to grow from 1.5 billion US dollars in 2019 which were 2020 now to 2.7 billion in just five years now four years You know growing at almost 15 percent in that time period and So why the demand for micro learning? We really wanted to know if it was a trend or strategy that was here to stay and we found some of the things that Ebba highlighted in that first slide that she showcased for us There's increased demand in education in corporate medical military And all different professions for the training of desk lists And I found that term to be really interesting because we've talked about learners and workers as being mobile But they're also desk lists So that means a mobile learner I kind of thought it was a person who had a desk right went to somewhere even at a home and then Moved around to different places or met with people from different places But now they're talking about desk list workers and across industries and there's a growing need for skills-based and results oriented and this is what dr. Conn highlighted meaningful bits of learning opportunities in different enterprises and So we found the PR Newswire in 2019 says that micro learning empowers enterprises to offer results oriented training and while e-learning and MOOCs and different strategies that are currently out there online courses our results oriented What's different here is that and we'll showcase this throughout our presentation that it's meaningful It's quick and it's Learner centered So the it enables learners to understand and implementing the learning for their jobs much more easily So why is micro learning growing it provides learning opportunities for mobile employees as well as those who are Kind of stuck to their desks or at a factory or in a learning environment And it provides companies and educational institutions to provide centralized learning solutions for Employees and other partners because now more and more we're having to educate people about the products We're selling even those of us in higher education are selling a product. We're selling a degree. We're selling You know upward mobility for our learners and it's flexible and it can enhance the learning experience But how is that different from any other e-learning solution or any course that's out there that we have can have access to? Businesses are adopting training methods that are directly inclined towards a learning objective Remember the spokes of that umbrella that dr. Khan talked about They focus micro learning focuses on a specific scale sometimes just one or two And that's what makes it efficient for learners and helps for learners who are on the go or have very little time Or need to focus on a specific skill And as we look at the characteristics of learners today, no matter what industry they're in Greeny did a study. She found that the modern learner is overwhelmed and distracted And if we think of the definitions of micro learning that we've seen today or that you know in the practice of your own profession They're short Right and they're engaging and we'll talk about characteristics of effective micro learning in just a few minutes So if our the the modern learners overwhelmed and distracted and look at the time they spend on different activities then micro learning objects and solutions we could see why they're growing today and Learners turn to their phones. They check their phones 10 times in one hour And I think that's low. I think it's probably even more and so micro learning and we'll see in a few minutes Will fit for mobile devices it needs to be attractive, but they're keen on learning They want to learn and they need to learn they want personalized timely and quality content they want to learn anywhere any time and Look only 28% want to learn from the office 30% want to learn during breaks and 48 Evenings and weekends and Eba talked about just in time learning 56% they want to be able to get a learning Solution right when they need it just in time and they prefer learning to be you know on the job manager supported different aspects here and The last slide on the modern learner They most value ease of use and navigation and we'll see that these are the characteristics that we're going to highlight about the design of effective micro learning quality and relevant and timely and I think that's what makes micro learning very different So that brings us to the question if we know all that about our learners and the demands of industry Then how long is going to be a micro learning object? Thank you, Marielena It depends on who you ask ATD, which is the association for talent development conducted a study in 2017 and they try to quantify What would be the most effective length of time for a micro learning activity and They they survey hundreds of talent talent development experts and Their consensus was that micro learning should be longer than two minutes, but shorter than five Carl Kapp who's going to be an awesome a contributing author to our book and Robin Defilex wrote a book in 2019 that where they They said that the exact number is not universally agreed upon We've seen the timeline for micro learning defined as a few seconds to as long as an hour, so We typically don't think of micro learning is something that would take an hour to do, but it can't I mean there's no Hard and fast rule that says that it can't take that long But it could also go as short as a few seconds. It's basically as long as it needs to be Carla Torgerson and Sue Ianen Carla is also a contributing author for our books They they published a book in 2020 and they stated that with informal learning Learning that is not required people will tend to gravitate to things they can consume in about four minutes or less and JD Dylan Who's a chief learning architect at Exxonify and also has written extensively on? Micro learning says that it should be as short as possible to address a specific measurable objective and fit within the audience's available time and I think that's probably one of the best definitions in terms of the duration how long micro learning is it should be as Short as possible, but as long as needed Torgerson and Ianen take it a step further by Categorizing different types of micro learning and for each type of micro learning. They recommend a certain duration This is through their work that they published back in just recently in 2020. They identify four Different uses of micro learning the first one They defined or called pre-work and it's preparation that is usually assigned Before a formal learning event. So if let's say we're going to have like this conference This would be a perfect example Prior to attending the conference there could be some webinars like this one they can provide information to the participants and That purchase that information would help them To be more successful in subsequent learning activities They recommend it for the preparation and pre-work. It's the learning event should last no longer than 10 minutes Then the second category is follow-up and this is to boost learning This is something that is done after a formal learning event has ended and It could be maybe within 24 hours or it could be Within a week or 10 days after the learning event you could send them a short email With a one-minute follow-up. It could be a video or some other kind of Resource, but it should be very very short and it should just highlight or emphasize the key points the more common type of micro learning that we're familiar with is a short form learning or standalone and Targassan and Eon break it up into formal learning and informal learning through their research They've found that for informal learning The ideal length is four minutes or less But for formal learning if the concepts are more complex then up to eight minutes and then the final Kind of or use of micro learning that they've identified is called Performance support and they say that that can last anywhere from five seconds to five minutes and to show how these different times can Can be applied if they also identified five different formats for micro learning It range it can range from text-based Resources that might be anywhere from three to five pages and link those text-based resources have to be well-formatted and Easy to read and that can be consumed in a very short period of time or a more formal e-learning type of module that can take maybe up to eight minutes to complete a Video like a YouTube video that could last anywhere from three to five minutes an Infographic just a single page with all of the information presented visually May take anywhere from a few seconds to a minute or a podcast and the podcast can be something that Students or learners can seek for themselves a good example Marielena and I subscribe to several podcasts that we listen to every day on our way to work one of them is just a simple word-of-the-day Podcast and it lasts about a minute and a half and it basically Presents a word and its origins and it kind of really helps to build your vocabulary if you do it day after day So there are many different types of learning Formats possible and Torgerson identified the the five most basic as we want to cover some tips for developing effective micro learning We want to look at what micro learning is not It's not a tool to deliver a lot of content randomly and I love the way Greeny puts it She says that would misuse the small amount of time that the learners have and It wouldn't help the content or the skills to stick and it's not a miniature course designed for a small screen It's not micro in the sense of even though we did talk about mobile learners and and being able to access them On their devices and I love the way This is put it says micro learning's usage patterns are entirely different from e-learning So we talk about usage and maximizing it. It is not these two things Lucas Konke who is another author in our book from our who will contribute a chapter to our book. This is from Interactive is upside down there just to see if you're paying attention It's a way to keep you engaged Lucas Konke Chapter address is effective design of micro learning. He talks about it being focused just one Objective just one spoke that can go a little deeper Simple keep the text and layout simple graphic. I think Eva talked about You know graphic it so that engages the learner short and as shared two to six minutes Social incorporate social media discussion forum and polls and ever noted earlier that one of the reasons micro learning is so popular Is the technology that's available today at the end? We'll ask you what do you think the future of micro learning is I think we haven't even started to touch You know what's possible with micro learning to make it social and interactive and increase levels of engagement and Mobile adaptive keep it simple design clear and adaptable and again one objective keeping it simple is perfectly okay with micro learning another important thing to do when thinking about developing effective micro learning is to have or some kind of a Framework to ensure successful implementation and dr. Conn develop the e-learning framework It appeared in his very first book back in 1997 and he's written about it extensively where he identifies these eight categories or dimensions The first is pedagogical the second technological the third interface design the fourth evaluation the fifth management the sixth resource support the seventh if ethical and the eighth institutional if we are going to embark on any type of learning the implementation of any type of learning Initiative we need to look at all eight of these components if we ignore one or two We may still be successful, but eventually It'll have to be addressed So if it's always best to start with a framework like this and consider all of the elements And to talk about his framework dr. Conn has a short video Hopefully you'll be able to hear this one better. So if we could play that video To do so this is a learning framework. Let me go through the different parts of the framework the pedagogy Paragogy deals to it in a structural design content design goal analysis audience analysis and Then move on to the technological Technological is basically infrastructure planning hardware software for you learning move on to interface design Interface design where you have the look and feel for your learning materials How they would look how one could interact with different learning materials Evaluations in e-learning you have the evaluation of Instructor and the assessment of learners at the same time you're going to do a comprehensive evaluation of people Who are involved in developing and delivering e-learning materials management? You have a normal job to be done for the maintenance of e-learning material updating them So in this category of the framework you have that resource support unit of a 24 hours resource support because you are online and Your students all over the places your clients all over the places So they would like to have Some kind of support technical support So you have to have a resource support adding those technical support and you need to have Counseling support unit to have other support services for all Move on to ethical dimension. This is very important because what it has it has Geographical diversity because you have people from different parts of the world taking your courses, you know For example, if you have a students taking a chat Session of a course and the person in San Francisco and it's 8 a.m. But that will be almost like 4 a.m. Or 5 a.m. In DC area. So you don't want to do some kind of chat sessions for students they are Dispersed globally in different geographical location within the ethical dimension You do also have the accessibility issue. You have learner diversity. You have legal issues. So you can see The ethical dimension is very important and cross-cultural communication. Next one is institutional if you're in a situation offered in learning courses, you need to be very Careful about this through services academic services one as the questions if I take this class Face-to-face Will I get the same quality of education that I'll be getting through e-learning? So you see that's institutional So you see starting from pedagogy technology Evaluation management resource support ethical issues institutional issues all this together You put the learner that you're trying to develop the materials for put at the center and as the questions around this eight dimensions You will see you cannot do much wrong and on the top of that Are the stakeholder groups Instructor put instructor at the center of the model and as the questions if you are fulfilling the instructor's needs then What the stakeholders? Institution itself your institution should be at the center and as the questions What is the return on investment for institutions? So what we need to do for a learning framework is basically put your specific audience and a specific contest Context at the center of the model and design the materials for your audience audience that will Bring greater return on investment of your effort. Thank you, and we will have more articles Related to the framework available on our learning management system. So thank you and Hopefully that you will design meaningfully destructions and e-learning for your audience following the eight categories of this model, thank you And if I may jump in before you continue sure if you haven't had a chance to look at Dr. Kong's Framework, I really we encourage you to take a look at it. It has stood the test of time Because as he says it really considers all of the factors needed for the successful Implementation of any online content whether it's a full course a program or a small as a snippet, you know or a Micro learning object as we're talking about it really takes into consideration the institutional factors for development for implementation the ethical factors Pedagogical factors resources and oftentimes we're focused on the pedagogical and the resources Do we have the people the time and the money to develop this? What do our learners need? But without the institutional support without looking at the ethical considerations, you know today I was usually when we present I We start with a joke and I thought you know we have an international audience, and I don't know how humor I mean humor is good, but we just you know have to have our audience in mind and management and Evaluation those of us in educational technology and learning know about the instructional design process and we can't cut out that Continuous evaluation of what we produce and and then they will touch on the evaluation the assessment of micro learning Design interface so this framework is very powerful It has stood the test of time because it transents Trends or strategies it could be MOOCs it could be micro learning it could be e-learning and this is a very very good resource and Before every project we look at the framework, and we say well will it really fit and we thought micro learning We weren't so sure and as we started talking and as we started researching and looking and even talking to our contributing authors It fits more and more businesses are investing millions of dollars in developing Libraries of micro learning objects. We were just with a Representative from a very big computer company I won't mention it and they're doing a are virtual reality, and they already have We can download an app on our phone for 20 US dollars and Have not only a way to develop virtual reality for ourselves, but it has a library of hundreds of Two-minute videos that people can watch on Medical conditions and human anatomy, and that's micro learning and so it's at our fingertips And how do we develop it effectively? The question was What instructional design model do we use we? We do teach the one we teach our students in the educational technology program is primarily the addy, but we also Incorporate elements from the dick and carry model, which is a little bit more broken down and depending on the context sometimes we'll go ahead and use a Rapid prototyping model depending on the context the the class that we're teaching so We we try to expose our students to a variety of instructional design models Okay, so the next I'm sorry go back to the framework Again, we don't make any money off promoting the framework We've just seen that it works if you notice it goes from institutional all the way to evaluation So this is another model that that works So in combination what you know what works best for you And they go ahead Thank you. Okay. The next question that we've been Tackling with is how do we assess the learning in micro learning? And if we look at the various types of micro learning that exist there, there's formal There's informal and then there's non formal but in Informal learning environments where instruction tends to be instructor led It's also tends to be instructor assessed and it's more programmed in that kind of learning The assessments may be a little bit more straightforward but in informal learning where it's more self-directed and more self-assessed and more just in time That it may be a little bit more challenging For example, if I wanted to let's say I got a flat tire And I wanted to know how to change a tire on my car and I went to a YouTube video To watch the steps on how to do it I don't think I would spend any time looking at a quiz or taking a quiz after Watching the video. I think that would be a waste of my time. So, how would we assess learning in that kind of context? so This is one of the challenges that we've been looking at and we've discussed this with a lot of Different individuals and we've gotten some interesting ideas JD Dylan said that because micro learning is an approach to training that delivers content in short focus bites It's that focus that also makes micro learning so measurable It's all about starting with the end in mind through a results focused approach to content design So before you build the learning program, you have to know what problem you're trying to solve so if we if we Whenever we start to build any type of micro learning object or event if we think about it from a Results oriented approach and design it if we identify the objective upfront Then we should be able to figure out how we might be able to assess it in either a formal or informal learning event and Renee Dyer who's also a contributor to our book Developed an acronym for remembering the four components of effective micro assessments and she came up with the acronym itsy Which is another way of saying small or micro and it it consists of inventive targeted specific and yielding and let's look at each one very quickly Inventive micro micro assessments should be more creative than traditional assessments, you know if you think about the The opportunity we're if we're developing a micro learning object or a micro learning event we we have Because it's something different and it's not typically Traditional in the way that you would think, you know a way a course is built. Why not get creative in the way? We develop those assessments The it should also be more show social and social media is particularly well suited for delivering micro learning it needs to be able to capture Engagement satisfaction relevance and the number of followers and likes that the content receives And it should be able to use traffic or download data to evaluate the popularity of the micro learning Micro assessments should also be targeted They should target the learner knowledge in small digestible portions That are task oriented and focused They should be analogous and highly targeted and be able to yield immediate feedback They should be specific. They should be congruent with each micro learning episode Reflect the participants and measure the learning objective They should be built around the shrinking attention spans of today's learners Which is something that we've been talking about and they should be able to specifically Specifically address the changing workforce job requirements skills and limited time of employees If it doesn't address those things then the micro learning event won't be Used the learners won't They won't value it enough if it doesn't address those specific needs that they have and It needs to yield actionable data That's informative and useful it needs to be usable and be able to inform the The developers of the micro learning event of future decisions It should also offer it possible learning interventions based on the data and and Dire sums up her Her chapter about the goal and she says if the goal is to track successful completion of a required training Then the assessment might be as simple as a knowledge check with completion tracking if it's to informally share Information to a non-specific audience an assessment might use the number of likes the followers comments or shares And if the goal is to reduce process inefficiencies or increase safety then an indirect assessment of Organizational data may be used to assess usefulness of micro learning Here's a video that Marielena and I developed Back in 2017 and I've had pro for a teacher on the go. It's a if you look at it It's a six minute video and It's had 9291 views Of those the people to view at 61 said that they liked the video and 10 said that they didn't So that's one way that you can measure whether a micro learning object had value. Is it the learners found liked it and Fortunately, you know YouTube allows for comments so you can get some input from the viewers as well if you click it, let me go back if you click on the And Analytics button you get even more data that can help you determine the effectiveness of your micro learning for this particular video, it's resulted in 370 hours of watch time But if you look at the average duration, it's two minutes and 23 seconds. So of the six minute video The majority of viewers only watched the average was two minutes and 23 seconds So what does that tell us about the link of our micro learning objects? You know, we need to be very very cognizant of the learners time and in this case Maybe a six minute video was a little too long So just to wrap up If we talk about the future of micro learning go ahead buddy, Linda we don't I'm sorry. We're not hearing you Micro learning is changing the way we learn It's changing from earning degrees to developing skills from a push paradigm where content is pushed out and Learners are now going to seek content and using of the Internet of Things a Learning adapts to me instead of me having to adapt to the learning and this one was fascinating Hall and Hamilton are also contributors to the book if they have a chapter called What is the future of micro learning and I think the most interesting what they have married Interesting findings, but one of them was nano learning less than a minute to complete. It's even faster than micro learning So we want to save time for to ask you all this question But also to address the questions that ever has been collecting for us throughout the session so Micro learning is not only here to stay. It looks like it has a future Ever shall we address some of the questions or what do you all think is the future? We have about five minutes, right Eba? So Thank you very sorry Well, thank you very much Elena for this very very comprehensive overview about the micro learning and of course also thanks a lot to but will come for his contributions We have got a lot of comments and questions In the shattered you in the way But before we are addressing that I will also continue on the topic on micro learning So I Was so happy when I I have any contact with what you can for some maybe 10 or 15 years I know and I follow his work Very close and actually I have myself used on his models and I like it very much because it is a holistic and Approach and if you see the ecosystem Whether it is the e-learning actually I started to follow it with my work on e-learning and then he also had it on looks and now on micro learning and Can I have my slides please Dora? Thank you so much So myself Besides that very short the presentation I had about now what my roles is that I have been working with micro learning myself since around 2002 2002 and I will just share briefly how I come into this area and that was with an European project within the your graphical information system and we Came across the show micro learning and we saw the idea that we developed micro learning units from two to three minutes up to two weeks I don't know that that is not micro learning that we had the micro learning units And we had the courses for two weeks for two months and up to a full master And it's actually what you were saying in your presentation Maria and I and then Renee you can combine the micro learning units either with Up to a master course as we did in this the you got great mission System program it was really really interesting and that is what what you can do And what I would like to continue with My learning is really really and Hot topic for the moment as We all have pointed out the labor market is changing and so rapid changes in the knowledge Environment and then all these kind of things and the use of social media the use of internet and everything is accessible But we need to do it smarter and Just for me and in just a time to get it more personalized and that is also why it is so important to See micro learning and we are together We are is open education resources because many of those micro learning methods or units or modules It's ideal to have as we are Open education resources and open available for all And to have that in mind ordered when you are developing the signing the micro learning units You can see many similarities about how we look at OER and how we look at micro learning Will many of us know that UNESCO adopted the OER recommendations in a 25th of November 2019 and now they define open educational resources like this I think you can read yourself in the recommendations. They also stated five clear recommendations how we can now go from awareness raising about open education resources to actions to implementation and Here's also where their approach or micro learning come in Because we need to build capacity of stakeholders to create access and reuse adapt and redistribute OER and the There is micro learning a very very good way to do that But also to develop and support policies Then we can go back to the model that the framework by about our car that you need to have this holistic perspective It's not just the unit of itself. It's also about the relation. It is about the infrastructure, etc All the things which we are an umbrella But also to encourage the use of OER That's all one of the questions for example, it was about what's happened with the person patients Maybe we have to go back to my presentation door Well, anyway, I wanted the questions in there in the chart was about accessibility if that was also for the Disabilities and disability persons and then accessibility is for all and that means also that we need to Develop and design those resources the micro learning Resources the OER so they are available for all and also to create Sustainable models and that goes again back to the use of micro learning. You need to have a system Which can integrate the use of micro learning and to also when you use it for sampling for formal learning So there are incentives for teachers for academics to work on the issue of micro learning and with open education resources And of course is facilitating natural corporations and that goes to all the poor other areas and there again We can all collaborate together You don't need to add the side to create all those resources yourself You can work nowadays also you can work and collaborate all over the world to get the international approach of a specific topic for example For micro learning Topic you can work with international collaborators So I think that there are many many parallels With micro learning and use and development of OER and how we can need to work together with that What is also very good with those recommendations is that now there is a monitoring system I will not go through that in details, but you know It's one thing to develop things, but it's nothing to monitoring it and there again We can use the model other and that will come The framework because you saw a relation was one of the part as well this week actually on the Monday it was the second of them the second of March UNESCO launched this dynamic correlation for UNESCO to implement Implementation of UNESCO or we all recommendation and that is number of organizations who are working together now how to integrate and implement All those recommendations, which I just mentioned within the member countries and there again We need to have the think about micro learning and micro learning Either as standalone or to be integrated in formal learning But it's also was mentioned in the in the questions. It is both for for my learning in formal learning and non-formal learning And I also have some slides on micro learning from maybe another perspective, but more or less the same So we're not going to chew that too much again Because that has already been been so well explained by a Renee and by a Maria Elena But it is said that it's one of the most effective forms of learning and training Because it is Motivating it is just in time and just for me and use be personalized on people when people are motivated they learn And I was also mentioned by Maria Elena was the rise of them and also by myself in the beginning the rise of them mobile learning approach everyone has the mobile nowadays or iPads or mobile desktops So it goes very well with with the mobile learning approach and that was also a last this week For example with the UNESCO conference in Paris, which actually was cancelled due to the corona virus, but But mobile learning is the way people learn today both For informal learning formal learning and non-formal learning and it's always the more like the first choice And you can also combine the micro learning approach with a delay your system approach You pick the piece of which suits you depending what you like to achieve What you'd like to achieve when you like to do it and also depending your pre-understanding or and the demands you are facing So the legal system is I So either you go piece by piece or different kind of pieces so we can also get a package I mean as I said for example, you can develop the micro learning Within the course and that is more like it may be a package that you can also encourage the learners and students to pick their own box Depending what they would like to achieve and that I think we have to think we think about the education system Because what we do very much now is to offer things instead of see what is needed? What do people need and how can they pick in shoes? And I think that is really that The huge challenge education is facing today because it is going from offering things to What other learners needs and how can that be the offered and served in the best way? So the micro learning and the Lego and the mobile learning approach goes very well hand in hand This one I will also skip But the game was also was also pointed out early on by Maria Elena and Renee is that micro learning units can come in different kind of media and that is exactly a game about where we are They also come within different kind of media. It can be texts. It can be images photos illustrations videos There was a comment here for some by the video from that but I'll come that was a very good example about micro learning In the very Yes, in some minutes he explained exactly I mean on a brief perspective at least what micro learning is about And it was engaging. It was illustrative. It was motivating and Suppose and hope that we all would like to learn more about it because it was really some something which was touching So micro learning as well as aware come in different kind of media And I also think we have to shift from I mean everything is so text-based in education. We have to shift to more Images videos you mentioned them mentioned podcasting games Demification of learning etc. So there has been a pointed out already a lot of benefits It is fast It is more more affordable for the learner. It is flexible and Again, it is learners find it more engaging and it boosts knowledge retention And they're not at least it gives learners a lot or more freedom and when people have freedom they can't take responsibilities and they can be owner of their own learning and they can Orchestra their own learning pathways in a much better way, but for doing that the educational system have to change And that's exactly why I wanted really wanted to have this topic on the agenda for the open educational week About micro learning because I think it's so important and so interesting and it really Although it has been long been along for many many years it is a shift how we Considered learning and education So, of course, we have all pointed out a lot of benefits and then why my micro learning Are efficient and why it is motivating But of course other limitations I don't have any answers on that exactly. Of course, I have some some things but I will leave it to other open Because I think that can be also an issue to discuss What I would like to point out Is a very interesting initiative from the European Commission from the asthma and the digital growth and in December and sorry in the September 2019 they launched this report report about online training and Promoting open online learning in the workforce in Europe It has been a two-year project and I have myself been an elevator and an expert in the group and What is going on at working places in Europe about online learning and then It is it is very interesting report and they found that of course it is a youth diversity a youth diversity in Europe and the youth diversity in in In the living market of course, but what they found out is that nowadays Companies can't you know send people for courses first of all it costs too much much to send them out a Second they have to pay for someone who can replace for one replace them and there's a lot of other Bad things that going on with that and when people come in back from the course, you know it is very difficult to Come back to the work in place and to engage other people because they are already so busy with everything else So there's a huge need of working places today And that is one of the conclusions with this report and that's why I wanted to point it out for you for this webinar Those are the recommendations and one of the recommendations is that micro learning need to take a larger and more deep Approach in working places today, and that's why That need to be a cooperation with different kind of stakeholders universities for example and the labor market So not everyone need to you know, we learn the wheel all the time, but professional continuing education nowadays need to be more Personalized it need to be individualized it need to be again Just for me and just for time learning and it need to come in small pieces So people can as you were pointed out as well when a new one of your slides How you can adapt immediate more or less immediately what you have learned not next week or not for a test But immediately here and now in your work So that was a very very interesting result and now this But not yet the report that the work from this project is Circulating now in Europe and then actually we had an Eden webinar some weeks ago Where the project manager presented the results from this project and if you have an interest in that That is recorded and it is available to even the webpage. It was actually the 12th of February So yes some weeks ago The same the same AFME and digital growth and Together with the press waterhouse you have done the studies and the report have also just Launched their report on skills for industry curriculum guidelines for point zero and Again, the study they have done a two-year study is that curricula again need to be we reconsidered and the Issue of micro learning is also raised very very much in this report. How we consider the curricula You know ordinary curricula curriculas are rather boring and you know a lot of you know High-level Issues but not related to the labor market and not related how people are learning in this rapid Speed of our knowledge is Transformed out nowadays This report came out just now in the beginning of this year So you see from both those projects on the European level and micro learning Fill a very very important role For the learner and for the labor market and for for to be a competitive Region in the also to be to become competitive in the knowledge development either at a working place or at a society But not at least for the learner themselves because one learner take the The ownership Then they are more motivated than they are more motivated to learn and when they are that They can take more an active part in the development of the society And for themselves, of course So with that I will leave The rest of the time for the discussions we can have now and a lot of questions has been raised During this one and a half hour I can let me just start about the issue about Let me see Thank you for the questions there. I was an issue Is it is micro learning Yes for For non-formal learning there was an issue about that, but I think we have maybe have raised that question and All of us, but maybe you can reflect a bit more about that Renee and Maria Elena. Would you repeat the question? Hi The question was about is micro learning yes for non-formal learning and I think we have wasted the Discussion about it, but maybe you can elaborate a bit more How are you seeing how it can be combined with formal learning non-formal learning? Well, I think that it could be applied to all Formal informal and non-formal learning experiences one of the best math books. I've ever seen my daughter took a college algebra class that was online and In that book it had When they were teaching the different Algebraic concepts They had these short videos where they would show you a worked sample of a question And the video was only about one or two minutes in length and then they and they had several little videos like that at with different Levels of completion of that worked sample a work sample is where you guide the learner from a novice Where they don't know anything where they're introduced to the concept and maybe in the next example it's partially worked and then The next example is a little bit further and then it eventually it gets to the point where the learner is is doing the The activity or solving the problem completely unassisted So it it was a really interesting way to do it and all of the videos that they had in the book were about one to two minutes specifically about one simple or single concept or idea I Could see how an entire course could be built that way So in a formal learning environment, I see micro learning as as a way that could be integrated into any type of Formal, you know academic course or subject in professional development It should be something there are some things that are mandatory, you know every employee in an organization For example here at our university There are maybe a dozen To 15 different trainings that we have to Complete every year and they range in length from about five to ten minutes in length and Those are mandatory, so we have to do them and That's different from Where you're in a situation where you want to learn a skill and You know you just go and find the resource to teach yourself how to do it That would be a more informal and that can occur in in a structured environment If I'm at work and I need to know how to do Perform an operation on a spreadsheet. I could just go find a YouTube video to do it so I see Micro learning being applicable in every type of learning situation Yes Yes, that is also my my understanding of it and then as I said you can it depends how you combine it It can be stand alone and also the example I gave from this My learning course is up to full master and you said also in one of your slides that you can have it As the flip learning model you can have my learning units Maybe before going to deeper discussions when you come to the classroom Or it can have it maybe afterwards, so it depends on how you can combine it. There is an interesting question about the social aspect I mean how to ensure the social part besides use using social my social networks I don't know know how you mean by that Isabella, but Maybe we can The social aspect of learning I think I understand the question since we're talking about these small bits that we consume independently and quickly How is that collaborative? How do we engage people together in conversations? They almost seem independent by their very nature and definition Christopher's talking about asynchronously right that's asynchronous learning. I Don't know any ideas out there I think yeah, as we as we talked about the future I think that's where a lot of the conversations going to be and Eva you shared earlier that Micro-learning is booming based on the technologies we have and I think their technologies right now that we don't we can't even conceive So I know it's not answering the question, but You know maybe creating communities of learners One that works go ahead one thing that I have seen Well, that's that's where I was going creating these communities through social media where people can go and There could be these micro learning events or objects that are delivered and made accessible through social platforms where people can then You know Contribute and or chime in on a topic or an idea I see that often in Facebook groups that are dedicated to a specific topic So I think it's important to important question issue and of course, I understand what you mean Isabella It's not that but In one way I wanted to be with you now Publicity because I mean quite often when we're talking about Although my learning is a new not a new thing But when we're talking about new aspects for example, and it is just the case Micro learning we used to think about it. How can we have that in the system? We have today in The house with all that they are in so to say instead of thinking outside the box or with no box at all Because we are education is changing the word is changing everything is so so that's changing So we need to see new ways how we can deal with it. Of course, it is a very important question how to deal with Socialization and learning collaboration. I mean this kind of things it's important But how can we do that in maybe more innovative ways new ways? And you also said the issue about an artificial intelligence and the augmented reality. I mean all those kind of things and we station I mean We wish a lot limit ourselves to the old system and that was also a question about earlier on about the assessment and Extermination and again We need to also we consider the way how we assess and had the way how we exam our learners and what we get good credits for And that is also why for example this open batch System and the approach has become very very popular because many companies nowadays are of course Asking for people have a degree in engineering or nursing or whatever, but they're also very much asking for this kind of a more nonformal Performance and learning which people have done more volunteer work if that we used to call them 21st century century competencies like problem-solving like leadership like Collaboration, I mean a lot of it this kind of issues which we use to to do in our daily life and to which we have to to Be without the working places But that is also why people Companies very much are asking for for example open batches. Have you taken part in this kind of things? Have you are you active in some kind of? Nonformal learning are you doing some kind of volunteer work? And so we have to to broaden our perspective and that was also one of the reason why I wanted to both micro-learning on the agenda for this webinar and on the due and open education week and the Vagran hosted by Eden because I think we need to discuss it much more and then also in a much more innovative way And I think really you and I and Maria Helena have really brought us Some steps further on and we are really willing to come forward when the book is coming out So we have we have some five minutes left or there's some more questions Which we have to address I think here's a learning and empathetic empathetic learning is more humanistic if students are sharing their experiences. Yes Yes, of course learning is both individual and it's social and it is a collaborative And we need to have a man of those aspects Intercontinuation and I think that is also why this framework by Badal Khan and the continuous work you're doing when I and Maria Helena is very important to see this ecosystem in learning processes Isabella was talking about how to ensure the social part besides using social networks um It's it is a challenging thing if if uh If micro learning is just in time Uh, the chances of being able to be together at the same time to discuss it may not be possible But if we look at the example of how YouTube videos are developed, you know, you can You have you create you create the video And then there's an ongoing conversation in the discussion section If you intentionally ask at the end of of your video Thoughts or you know if you have some probing questions at the end of the video Then you can get People to engage in a conversation that goes beyond just that two or three minute video and you'll see, you know, the dates of How when people are participating in And this could be done for just about any type of micro learning object. It could be On a on an e-learning module that has a discussion that it's ongoing Often see I a lot of value in those when I when I want to learn a skill Oftentimes I'll go to these user groups online And I'll search the comments because someone Will probably have had the same experience or issue that I have And you you'll see Conversation threads that specifically address those I have a last question for you and I am for Maria Elena um You have given us a very very comprehensive Overview on the issue of micro learning So for all of us who are leaders and would like to continue working on this issue What kind of advice will you give us? to Never stop learning Is one thing because we we're by no means experts ourselves. We're all learning this as we go And you know From every learning experience we create we should be able to learn something ourselves So as you create learning e-learning experiences micro learning experiences You know Learn from those experiences yourself and and so that the next one you build will be a little bit better One thing that i'm taking into consideration is maybe a six minute youtube video is a little too long So maybe i'll make the next video Two to three minutes, which seem to be the average And don't be afraid to jump in more than likely you're already creating products Learning products that can apply and can be cut down or modified Collaborate learn from others Sometimes I feel I have to do it all alone and that's not true. You know, we have graphic designers that It doesn't have to be expensive one of the points of one of the authors of the book is it doesn't have to be expensive There are people out there willing to collaborate and start small with us So, thank you very much. And thank you so much. Yeah, we're in a and For joining us for this very very interesting and fruitful Webinar on behalf of either during the open education a week 2020 and thanks a lot for all of you have Participate in this webinar for all your questions your comments your links and everything and Keep staying and within the discussion and the conversation Our next webinar for eden is our regular webinar from the eden that network of academic professionals and that is on the Let me see the 80th of march and it is about organizing digital conferences experiences and opportunities I put the link in the shot and the piece also Join us at the 29th eden annual conference in timiswara romania 21 24 june 2020 Thanks a lot to the eden secretary for all your support and help for this webinar, especially dora. Thank you very much So, um, I keep going and I keep going with the micro learning We all done together. Thank you very much. Have a nice weekend. Thank you And hopefully we'll be able to do this again Thank you. Bye. Bye