 Natural medicines have been used for centuries as a primary source of disease prevention and treatment. However, due to their limited concentrations, extracting and isolating these bioactive compounds can be challenging. In this review, we discuss various extraction and isolation techniques, including conventional and modern approaches, with advantages and drawbacks. We conclude by providing practical examples of each technique. This article was authored by Qingwen Zhong, Li Zhenlin, and Wencaie.