 So, if any of you have any questions or comments, I will welcome them. So, let me now tell you the institutions that I am going to connect. Now, we are going over to Chitkara University, Chandigarh, Punjab. Hello. In my opinion, productive thinking alone cannot lead to research till it is put into practice. Practice may include lots of reading, writing, speaking, attending conferences, experimenting, analytically valuation, etcetera, etcetera, over to you. As I mentioned that there are different aspects, you are right that thinking alone is not sufficient. But the point I want to make is that thinking pervades everything, even thinking pervades is action, right. How you will act depends on how you think. So, I agree with you that productive thinking alone will not ensure research output, but it is an important prerequisite without productive thinking ability, there will be no research output. So, it is correct that you have to do other things like communicating and so on. That is why we are discussing various topics, right. Experimental skills, thinking skills, experimental skills, management skills, stress and time management and so on. So, that is correct. What you say is correct, but you must understand the importance of productive thinking. That is the first important thing, right, because how you do an experiment will depend on your productive thinking, even design of experiment will depend on productive thinking. So, thinking pervades everything. So, considering the importance of thinking, we are starting with this topic in the beginning, right. And we are going to discuss other things as well. Yes, next you have one more question or comment. Excuse me sir, as we were discussing about the hypothesis that where you have different questions. I do have one question regarding the same. In most of the research papers, what we do have is null hypothesis or when we prove the things by contradiction. I just wish to know whether it is sufficient as well as the necessary condition. Can it form a necessary and sufficient condition to prove an effect or we need to give two or three different proofs for the same. Actually, I was going through one paper in which a person has proved I think six to seven theorems with most of the theorems proved by using this contradiction theory. What you are saying is that is it necessary to give two or three different proofs or different ways of supporting your hypothesis or is just one method of supporting sufficient. Yes, if you have one method of supporting your hypothesis, even that can be sufficient though if you give more than one that is welcome, okay. So when I said that you must discuss different proofs of Pythagoras theorem that is see if you have conceived the Pythagoras theorem for the first time even one proof is significant and sufficient. So I am saying in the context of developing your creative thinking, right. So if you want to develop creative thinking then you must read this kind of material where different ways of doing the same thing has been presented that was the point I was trying to make. Not that in your research for your hypothesis you should give two or three different proofs. If you can that is good, but even one good proof if other people have not given is good enough for research. Did I answer your question or did I understand your question correctly? I wish to know that proving a theorem by contradiction is that sufficient to prove any theorem like we go whenever we prove any theorem we go for two different conditions. One is necessary, second one is the sufficient conditions, right. If we prove a particular theorem by contradiction like if we have two sets this number does not belong to A, it does not to be that means this is not a part of any of these things. In fact, yes. That whether proving the things by contradiction is sufficient or not. Yes, in fact you will find many of the theorems are proved by contradiction, right. So, it is nothing but it is a form of logical statement, right. So, instead of saying A implies B if you instead of proving A implies B if you prove B bar implies A bar, right those you know that these two are logically equivalent. So, you can prove a hypothesis in either forms, right. So, prove by contradiction I would think I am not so much well versed in mathematics as a mathematician is though I do use mathematics, but logically speaking I guess prove by contradiction should be good enough. What type of research is more preferable whether it is experimental based or case studies based because whenever discussion is going on then the senior say they if the research is experimental based then there is an ease to publish the papers. What are your views sir? See this sort of thing is this is an issue experimental versus theory. So, the question is experimental research more preferable than theoretical research because according to the person who ask the question is senior say that if you do experimental work it is easy to publish papers, right I mean I am framing the questions as you have said it. Now, it depends on what criterion you use if ease of publication is something you are looking for, right based on that you can arrive at a particular conclusion about between theory and experiment. However, please note that there are differing perceptions about this issue for instance a person doing theoretical work looks at a person doing experimental work and sees that and feels that you know that a person doing experimental work is able to publish very easily. On the other hand sometimes a person doing experimental work sees that a theoretician is able to publish papers easily because he says you do not have to you know rig up an apparatus to generate data and so on. So, I think this question is to be looked at in more detail because when you say you are doing experimental work are you talking about setting up an experiment then we have to see how difficult it is to set up your experiment, how difficult it is to ensure accuracy and precision in your measurements and so on. In fact, if you are very particular about doing good experimental work it can be as difficult as theoretical work or it can be more difficult also, right. So, because you are spending a lot of time in doing setting up your apparatus, fabricating your device and so on you may not get any output for few years, ok, but it can also happen that once you have a ready made setup you can churn out a large amount of data out of it and then you may be able to get a large number of papers. So, I think what your senior has said is not a general observation that one can make, right. Sometimes people who are doing theoretical work can publish more easily than people doing experimental work. It depends on the specific type of work you are doing, type of experimental work you are doing what it involves, ok. If your senior has set up the apparatus and you are only taking the readings, yes, your job is much easier no doubt, ok. You can easily generate lot of data whereas a theoretical person will have to think of an idea, a new idea and new way of solving the equation and so on that can be that can be more difficult, ok. So, it depends, I think it depends, right, their experimental work can also be of high quality, can be difficult to do and theoretical work can also be of high quality and you know difficult to do, but ideally people say that in engineering it is good if your research work involves both theory and experiment. If it is possible you must have a combination, ok. Sir, simulation results are equally, because yesterday we talked about experimental, I was asking about simulation parts, sir. Simulation results are equally, can, PhD can be awarded based upon the simulation results that we get instead of experimental results. Simulation results using MATLAB before prove something, then it is what equally competent to an experimental result, because this is a major problem because basically in our field it is very difficult to do the experimental part and it is very, very costly and we do not have that much of funding in the private colleges. So, simulation results are really valued or not, this is my question you want to ask. So let me repeat your question, you are asking whether a PhD can be awarded for just simulation results, ok, without doing any experiments. Now, I think in the morning another participant also has the same question, right and I will repeat the answer that I had given that though you may not be able to do an experiment, it should be possible for you to get experimental data from literature, ok. Let me complete the answer, I have not completed, so you must attempt doing that. Now, on the other hand supposing you are doing a simulation of a new device, so let us say I am taking an example, let us say you have thought of a new transistor, ok, which can be used device semiconductor device which can be used for amplification, a new structure and you want to show that it is worth going forward and actually fabricating the structure. So for that you will have to first show some performance advantages, right, now that you say that because nowadays simulation tools are readily available, I will put that structure in a simulator, right and then I will develop, I generate the characteristics and then based on the characteristics I will argue and show that this transistor has better performance than an existing transistor. Now in this case it will be difficult to an experiment because you do not have the facility to build such a device, ok. In such a case if your new device is showing a significant improvement over the old other device, right, it may be acceptable as research work for the award of a degree. So here what will be important is how significant is your simulation result, ok, point number one. Point number two you will have to also establish in detail in your thesis why the models that you have used for simulation are realistic, ok, because I can always use a model and try to cook up some result and show that my device has better performance. So for that what you will have to do is you will have to show that you have used models which if applied to existing devices will predict the experimental results correctly. So in other words you will have to do what is called benchmarking your simulator properly. So the reviewer will definitely try to see whether you have done that exercise properly, right, to you know ensure confidence in your simulation results. So to summarize my answer to your question one first point is yes if your idea is very significantly new and you show its viability using simulation it can be acceptable for a PhD degree but the important condition is that the models that you have used in simulation should be well established and you must have you must show that the models you use are realistic. Therefore some form of comparison with experiment will come at that point. So you may not be able to compare the results of your new device because you cannot no one has made such a device but you can always give a comparison with experiment for the model that you have chosen which might be applicable for other devices also, right. So this is what you will have to do. S.D.M. Darwad please go ahead. Sir, yes sir. Sir I would like to ask the question on the difference between application research and the theoretical research one requires the more of creativity other requires more of intelligence, is that true? Let me repeat your question. Your question is that it is believed that theoretical research requires more creativity while application oriented research requires more intelligence, is it true? That is your question am I right? Yes sir, the other way. The application research may require more of intelligence, sir more of creativity. Theoretical research may require more of intelligence. No, please let me repeat what you said, are you saying that theoretical research requires more of intelligence and application research requires more of creativity, is that what you are saying? No, in fact any research requires creativity. Let me illustrate this point, okay. Suppose take a person a scientist like Newton who has discovered law of gravitation let us say, okay this is theoretical work. Now let us take a person like Edison who came up with the incandescent lamp, Edison is not a theoretical person. Now coming up with the law of gravitation is also creative exercise. Coming up with an incandescent lamp an invention it is a practical application oriented work is also requires creativity. So as we have said creativity involves asking new questions. So in fact in the course of our lecture session tomorrow we are going to discuss creativity in more detail so that you will I think you will get a good answer to this question in the discussion that will happen tomorrow because we are going to define what is meant by creativity and we will give examples to illustrate. So any new useful combination is creativity. It can be in the, so for example a scientist who does theoretical work and an inventor who comes up with a practical device both are being creative in their own way. Yes sir, thank you sir, thank you very much. Yes Rajaram Bapu instead of technology, Islam poor. Research engineering is concerned. Much of engineering problems involve mathematics, obviously. The major difficulty comes when a researcher has to mathematically model his problem. To be specific a lot of learning is needed to understand the potential of mathematical tools like differential equations, optimization and so on. Is there any practice in our premier technological institutes which develops this understanding and seeking help of mathematics in an efficient way? That is my question sir. So let me rephrase what you have said. You have said that working on a number of topics in engineering requires mathematical tools and use of mathematical ideas. So are there any mechanisms of developing this mathematical ability or making researchers conversant with the required tools and concepts so that he or she is able to model an engineering problem? Yes, some, see some efforts are made in every institution in this direction. Let me give you an example. In IIT Madras people have come up with a course such as mathematics for engineers or there is in fact a whole basket of courses which are taken up by, taken by students. It is called mathematics for industrial applications. So in all these kind of exercises the idea is to discuss mathematics from a point of view of specific applications required in industry. But there is always an issue with this sort of thing, okay. That is should the people who are hardcore mathematicians discuss about how their ideas are applicable for industry. So should such courses be offered by a mathematics department or should such courses be offered by specific engineering disciplines, by people who are doing a lot of mathematical work who are in that discipline, okay. So for example mathematics for electrical engineers, a course like this should it be offered by an electrical engineering professor or should it be offered by a mathematics professor, okay. So that issue remains but within this limitation yes efforts are made frequently, okay. But definitely whether there are such courses or not there are definitely are books. So one can take the help of books. Books are available. I have myself seen and use such books, right. So you have a book titled Mathematics for Engineers, okay. So this kind of books will give you that background required. Thank you sir, thank you so much. So Devi Ahilya University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Indore. Yes, I have one question to ask. We have different approaches like we have simulation, analytical modeling and then experimental. So how should we decide about that we should select because all approaches may not be possible. So what should be the basis of selecting that we should follow simulation and analytical modeling or combination of any such approaches for starting our work and what should be the basis. So let me repeat the question you are saying whether you should take a simulation approach or analytical approach or experimental approach in your research. So I think research problems you should first look at it from research problem. So what is the research problem you are trying to tackle because analytical simulation or experiment is a means of you know doing your research. So normally people focus on research problem, okay and then discuss about ways of doing the research problem depending on the limitations of your place, okay. So I think that is the order in which you should proceed. So first you should think of a number of research problems that you would like to work on alternatives and then you should assess what are the strengths and limitations of your place. As I have said ideally it is good if a research has both experimental and theoretical components there is no doubt about it a combination of these two, right. Now every research should have an analytical component I think there is there can be no two opinions about it a research can be experimental or theoretical, right. But both cases it has to be some analytical component has to be there analysis interpretation this has to be a part of any research. So I think we should not put analytical versus experimental or analysis versus experiment, right because analysis should be there, okay. You can talk about theoretical or experimental but interpretation analysis has to be there in experimental work or theoretical work. Now if you are meaning by the word analytical some sort of analytical solutions of equations if that is what you mean, right it is important to know what you mean by analysis or analytical work. If by you are using the word analytical in a mathematical sense, okay then it involves deriving closed form solutions or analytical solutions to equations, okay now that depends on what is your interest in mathematics and what ability in mathematics you have, okay. So I am not meaning analysis in that sense. I mean analysis in a more general sense every research problem should involve analysis, okay analytical thinking. So I am using the word analytical as a basic thinking ability basic thinking process, okay. So every research work should have analysis whether it you choose an experimental approach or theoretical approach it depends if your place does not have the facilities for developing an expensive experimental setup then maybe you should not choose a problem which will require extensive experiments but I am repeating what I have said earlier in response to two other questions that you can always get experimental data from literature and you must find some way of utilizing that, okay. If you include that kind of component where you have some theoretical work which can be compared with data, experimental data in literature, okay then it will definitely add strength to your research work you must always aim for it. I have also given an example where a person may do a simulation of a new device and he or she may not fabricate the device but present only the simulation of characteristics of that device and show that they are challenging but then experimental work or comparison with the experiment can come in at the level of models. The models that the person uses to simulate the new device can be tested against existing experiments because many of the models will be for phenomena which have been tested but the phenomena may get combined in a different way in a new device but the phenomena themselves may not be new they may be existing phenomena. So there you can always give a comparison that the models you have chosen match very well with experiment for existing devices and therefore you are using those models and then you are proving the capability of the new device. So this is how one can think of bringing in experimental work even if you do not have experimental facility in your place. Use experimental work available in literature, data available in literature. So I will probably repeat by saying that building an experimental, building a setup or a device alone is not experiment okay. Experiment can also mean comparison with experimental data available in literature. If you cannot build the setup but if you can build a setup nothing like it. So KMEA engineering college Alua. In the field of multi-core systems, Mike Gates said we have to take the data from the benchmark standard benchmarks, we should not take the data as an assumption but taking data from the benchmarks is very expensive for my research area. So what's the solution for that? Is it essential to take data only from the benchmarks? How is taking data from benchmark expensive? Can you please elaborate on that? Sir for my area when I was searching for benchmarking data it's available only from abroad one of the institutions but for getting the data in licensed version we have to pay some thousands of dollars. It's very expensive for me to spare such an amount. So what's the alternative solution for that one sir? Frankly I am not able to give you an alternative solution because unless I know more about your problem I do not think I can give you any satisfactory answer. So I will again say something that I said to an earlier participant. You please describe your difficulty in little bit more detail on the modal discuss this thing. You can just after this session is over today you can describe in little more detail so I can read it and then you know I can probably give a more reasonable answer tomorrow unless you are able to describe the problem to me in little bit more detail I am not able to give any answer. Another one thing is research is productive thinking you have said no sir but I should involve reproductive thinking also right since we have to take the concepts from the previous papers all together has to constitute the research work. So reproductive thinking also holds there no and now this is where we must frame our sentences properly. I said research involves productive thinking I did not say or we should not say research involves only productive thinking right no as I said for our day to day life reproductive thinking is always required one cannot avoid it but it is not sufficient that is the point. For research you have to be a productive thinker that is the point that we try to make ok. So you are right you cannot do without reproductive thinking. Thank you sir. Asinata Institute anyone there. Yes sir yes sir this is Ure Giran I am Asin Professor in Githam University my question is how to decide as a supervisor that the actual research has started and how to also decide as well that the research is going to complete at this particular end because both are very much infinite in nature the start of the research is an infinite decision and the end of the research is also an infinite decision because there is no end there is no beginning and there is no end to the research because everything is research in this world. So let me answer the way you have framed the question let me first repeat the question for the benefit of other centres you are saying that how do you decide when the research has started and how do you decide when it has ended ok. I think please tell me whether I have understood your question correctly that is my question. Now the way you have framed say research starts when a student joins for PhD I think that question can be easily answered in practical terms right. So for the student so for any person when it starts I think we can very easily identify for a student let us say for a PhD scholar the research starts as far as he is concerned when he has joined the program. Now so next question is you know when does the scholar stop doing research as you said it is an endless process and one can go on and on ok. Now that is why different institutes have given some practical guidelines on what is the requirement for a PhD thesis as I said I give an example in IIT Madras we say that a PhD thesis there should be at least two good journal publications. If your research work is such that it can be put in the form of two good journal publications then that is sufficient for a PhD degree. Now here there is one more issue what is a good journal how do you decide the journal is good ok. Now this question I will answer in a separate session you see that in your schedule there is a session devoted to where and where should I publish my research work ok. So when I am discussing that topic I will answer this question so what is meant by a good journal ok how do you decide a journal is good but you know that is the so when you have published in a good journal then you can you know stop maybe couple of papers right. So other people may have other variants of this criterion for deciding when a PhD process can end but research as such will never end as you have said rightly so we are talking about when does a PhD end ok that is a more practical question have I answered your question. Yes sir. Yes sir I have got one more question if you get a patent out of that particular PhD work is that considered as a completion of a PhD? Yes that is a good question patents can also be regarded as some sort of equivalent for publications yes there are some issues though right because the goal of patenting and publishing there are some differences why people patent and why people publish ok. So these different motivations of the two activities should be taken into account again I will discuss this point because there is a session devoted to publishing and patenting I think this issue also I will discuss then so that I do not end up repeating because there are many people who are not here centers have closed for the day I will discuss answer to this question in that session then I am going to discuss how to publish and patent and where to publish and patent. D K T S H S L K R N G word. There is one question related to the duration of the research just now mentioned similar type of question I want to ask one is in due course of time there will be some changes to be made in experimental plan but in university procedures it is very difficult to change the experimental plan. So, in such case how one should go about that over to you yeah I will so let me repeat what you said that in the course of research one may need to change the plan of experiments but in university procedures do not allow a change in experimental plan. So what should one do now I have to understand what do you mean by saying university procedures do not allow a change in experimental plan I do not understand that statement. So I will need some clarification from you what do you mean by that. At the start of the session or one once the candidate submits the synopsis of his research and that synopsis is taken as a guideline for the completion. So at the end of the research work may be M T K M E or even P L D cases also at the end when he submits his thesis that will be judged on the basis of synopsis we have submitted earlier and in that we have given some experimental plan over to you. So let me repeat what you said you said that the thesis has to confirm to the plan submitted in the synopsis and synopsis is submitted much earlier and the thesis is submitted much later but from the time in the synopsis is submitted to the time in thesis submitted in between you realize that your plan was not correct and it needs a change. Now I have to understand this properly because in IIT for example in IIT is I can say not only IIT or in general synopsis is submitted all synopsis also is submitted by the end of research. Synopsis is given to various reviewers so that they can read the gist of your thesis in brief and decide whether they can review the work that is the purpose of synopsis. So I think what you are implying is in the beginning of your research you are asked to give some sort of a plan of what you are going to do. I do not know whether that plan you are calling as synopsis if that is so I do not think any research any place where research is being done people will say that whatever you tell in the beginning right the same thing you should submit at the end because then whatever is the research initially you are only submitting a plan. I do not think that plan you should call as synopsis or if you want to call it a synopsis you say it is not the it is a synopsis of it is not synopsis of research but it is synopsis of the initial plan and I do not see how regulations do not allow a change in plan. So please tell me give me an example let us say person joins for research in how much time he submits the synopsis and in how much time he or she submits the thesis then only I will understand what you mean because otherwise I do not think that is reasonable. For example the M.E. or M.Tech student first year he used to clear the theory papers theory courses and second year he is supposed to complete his project work that is research work. At the start of second year maybe in first month itself he has to submit this excellent plan with synopsis. Now this synopsis I am talking about so you may be saying it as a synopsis for plan of work whatever things mentioned in that they are taken as a base and at the end of this year when the evaluation is there for his thesis this basis there may be some changes in due course of time he might have made so there will be some ambiguity whether it is correct or not you have taken in experimental plan you have taken this like that and you have changed. Yeah I think there should be no regulations like that it say that you know whatever you submit at the beginning you must stick to that I think during research it is well recognized that changes happen and sometimes in fact the way a thesis is submitted I am talking about an M.Tech that your project like thing in a one year project actually whatever work you have done in that form probably you might have done the work in the last 3 months of your project period. So after doing working for 8 or 9 months you would have realized oh this is the way I should do it better and then in the last 3 months then you change your orientation and you complete the work. So I do not think any regulations can be there which say that whatever is your initial plan you must you know everything should be exactly like that it cannot happen like that. So I do not know why such a regulation is there I do not think regulations are unreasonable may be you have to read the regulation you know correctly I do not think regulation require that sort of a thing. What they might be meaning is a broad plan if you say you are going to work in some specific area and now you do not submit the thesis in completely different area they just for you know some practical reasons they might have said something like that but I do not think detailed plan you must stick to the plan is required so that people know that you have thought through the whole thing and then you have a clear direction ok that is why you are asked to submit a plan some direction of work but as you proceed further you find that the direction is wrong and you can always change the course. Another thing sir the use of statistics that is test of significance in some of the areas it is difficult to apply the test of significance in such a case the some may be coordinators or something like that this is that there should be some significance testing using statistics so in such case there will be some misunderstandings and other things happening so what you suggest regarding this. Can you give a specific example of a significance test right statistical significance test that you are talking about and how there can be misunderstanding without an example I am not able to answer. For example, in case of chemical processing there may be some effect of shade variation or effect of some chemicals on shade variation in case of textiles I am giving the example and in suppose red is there but red will be having different shades and there it is very difficult to apply this statistics as a significance or not the particular effect is significant or not. Some way of many effects are operation are operational at any given time definitely you have to have some quantitative measure to decide which effects are dominant that has to be there I think some form of test which gives you quantitative data about the various effects and then allows you to judge which effect is significant and which is not that is required I think there cannot be any misunderstanding on this issue right now what kind of a test you use to see whether an effect is significant is with a different matter I because that is not an area in which I have done work I can I do not think I can guide you on that but definitely some test which is quantitative which gives quantitative results and therefore which says that you know this effect this effect this effect is important and these effects are not important some different test has to be there I am not able to answer anything for another example is another example I want to say for example the compared peeling of a fabric it is not objective one so there are of course some grading systems used for that but when we use grading system a particular format is there and we use that this particular fabric is compatible or not like that but there it is not possible to use this statistics or significance test etc. See that is not your question has two aspects one that is very specific to the area of your research second is of general significance what is happening is the way you are framing your question it appears very specific to your area and unfortunately that area is that area is not something that I have worked on okay so the way your question is framed I am not able to answer because that is not an area in which I have worked on unless you frame it in a more general way right I do not think I can answer your question some other expert in your area only will be able to answer it okay sir there may be subjective analysis and objective analysis so my question is related with the subjective analysis where there will be some experts of that field they will be having some analysis subjective analysis we have some systems then a Kawabata system past system it is related with textiles may be may not be clear to you but there are some subjective analysis and grading systems in such case I am asking will should we insist for the statistical significance test all to you I have to think about your question frankly I am not able to give an answer okay sorry I will think over it and if I answer I will give you tomorrow thank you very much sir thanks once again yeah actually if you just go with the research in abroad then we are one step far behind them in the in the case of research when compared with abroad universities and all so just in this lecture you don't that this will be you know the productive thinking will be there if you are if your guide is a so is a kind of productive thinking person so here I would like to ask you one question that here I mean we are in Vishakhapatnam that is Andhra Pradesh which is there in Andhra Pradesh suppose if you want to have some kind of help in research so the people like you IIT professors can you help us see lot of money you are spending for these programs but you know you are just motivating us for the giving the for doing the research suppose if I joined for the research in USA if my work is not that good so if I want some kind of help then how far you people will help us a good question let me first restate your questions for the benefit of others who are still there so what you are saying is in first time telling it in your own words ok then I will modify it so what you said is according to you as you understood I said that if the guide is productive then the student also will be will develop productive thinking and so if you are not able to so IIT people in IIT are productive thinkers if students are not able to join productive thinkers in IIT and instead they join with others who are not so productive then they will not be as productive but if they want to be productive how far they can be helped by people from IIT that is your question now first I want to slightly correct your first statement I did not say that if your guide is productive thinking then you will also be productive thinking though it is true to some extent I said that if your guide or rather I said that if you are among people who are well motivated for research then some of that motivation will rub off on you so I said one way of developing good motivation strong motivation for research is to have company of people who are strongly motivated right that is one of the ways of developing motivation as I said and one of the persons who you are with is the guide so it applies if your guide is strongly motivated then you will be motivated so I said about motivation not exactly about productive thinking but it is true that your guide is productive thinking then you will also learn that is that is true but it can happen that you can be more productive than your guide it happens many times right for example people who have one Nobel Prizes it is not necessary that their guides one prizes right so that can always happen so I was talking about motivation now as far as the second thing is concerned how far can people in IIT help you see within practical limitations people do try to help but you must understand that research suggestions for research can be given only by people who have thought sufficiently about the problem you are working on so suppose you come to me assuming that you are in my area okay and ask me for some guidance on something you are working on it is not possible it may not be possible to just spend 5 minutes on what you are saying and then give you some ideas right maybe you should do like this and sometimes it may possible many times it may not be possible because unless you think deeply about it you cannot give any suggestion so if you are asking questions so it happens I get emails by students from elsewhere who ask send me questions and ask me doubt now if those doubts are such that I can answer them easily I tell give them my phone number and say you call me at this time and I will tell you instead of writing an email because that takes a longer time okay so if this sort of things are there you may get some help from people in IIT but if you are asking for some help in research where the people here have to think over then you know their time is limited they already have a lot of students to guide so you have to understand that limitation so it depends on the kind of so for example now we are sparing our time let us say I am sparing 3 days right so I am not guiding my students during this time I am sharing something that I can with you and then you are asking me questions so this sort of a thing we can do but if you ask me a very specific question in your area and that requires more thinking that you know it may not be possible because you have to understand that you know people have limitation on their time and resources okay so fine sir but you know this kind of activity should be there so that throughout the country I mean everybody is looking for the research so if this kind of activity is there then everybody will be into the research and they will be having PhDs in their hand like that we can be equal to the abroad university something like it's my suggestion and if possible just it is possible to put all the professors who can help the people in the respective subjects so that we can go to those go to the site and we can go raise a question to the professor who is who is expertise in that particular area so I request you sir please just you arrange the what I said the things if possible so let me restate for benefit of others what you are saying is if there is some mechanism in which IIT professors can help researchers from other institutions who are not necessarily doing PhD with them then it will improve the state of research in the country because you want to catch up with what other people are doing so yes I can really see the problem I can see your suggestion and what I would say is that if the other people like you who are very well motivated but who seek help like that should spend a sufficient amount of time in framing your specific question in a way in which maybe the people in IIT can give a response in a short time right so if people do some homework on their part and then understand the constraints within which IIT professors or any other teacher person whose help you are seeking right concerned within the work and they have a time constraint so within the time constraint how that person will be able to help right so you can give a thought and I think if you come up with something I am sure there will be many people willing to help okay so I will take your suggestion and you can also remember what I said okay thank you so much sir my name is Shankar it is pleasure talking to you sir and I am handling the mic to my colleague thank you sir sir one more actually important issue I would like to discuss with you unfortunately what happened actually in the phd admissions there is actually we will choose one guide and a co-guide there is a very big problem actually I have seen in many students actually suffering and also I am the one of the candidate in what are that in suffering what are the I suffered a lot the thing is whatever guide is actually interested in the particular area when I am discussing the same thing with co-guide co-guide is not happy so if co-guide is whatever discussing the same thing when I am sharing with the main guide the guide is not happy and because of these two things naturally the recess is not happy so it is not only choosing that particular research topic and the coordination between the guide co-guide and the recess scholar it is actually very big problem nowadays what I have seen in what are that different universities as well as the research centers so now what I am requesting you over actually experts in particular areas if you can list all the people not only from the IIT's IIT's IASR, IASATF or whatever great institutions there if you can list off these all the people who are experts in some what they respected fields so that the student can choose the recess scholar can choose and the recess scholar can interact with these people and can produce the quality research work and another thing also I will tell you I am the editor of one international peer reviewed journal and also a two-elemental board member of different journals and I used to get a very non-quality research papers that number of quantity of the pages are very more but the quality is not there and all are cut and the paste and unfortunate thing I am not able to what I have to give a wrong report to these people who already produce the recess paper because why so the guides and co-guides are very good they are from very reputed institutions when they are producing these kind of work then here is another problem so one thing is that the good professors are not there in the universities another thing is coordination is not there in between guide and co-guide and research scholar and the third thing is even though the paper is come from a great institution but still is not good up to the mark so these are the things are happening I have seen so these are the things also at least if you can address on tomorrow session that's better it is definitely it is what that very important for every recess scholar so that we can produce a better research work no doubt thank you sir definitely you please think about this and I think definitely it will help for every recess scholar can I request that you put your these three points on the model this thing so that you know I will make note of them and discuss these points in tomorrow's lecture okay I will just summarize what you said what happened yeah so you are talking about the relation between guide co-guide and the student that is one issue the next issue is people doing cut and paste business in sending in writing papers that is the second issue you spoke about legalism which is what and the third thing is that it is happening even in reputed places papers from reputed places that's what you say hello sir there is another issue also some universities respecting that the thesis should be some 200 pages or 150 pages or something like that so what actually recess scholar is doing so to prepare many number of pages he is copying from different water that test books and all they are doing this cut and paste business that is also there yes see instead of showing that number of papers what kind of a quality there that is very important not the quantity of the papers yes so that is also we have to address on tomorrow session sir if possible and tonight I will upload about some mathematics mathematical sciences about 10 minutes presentation please you look out about that presentation sir given an opportunity to share my ideas with others thank you sir thank you very much okay thank you so we are closing for the day and we will meet tomorrow again