 Thank you sir. Thank you sir. So, Om is from Uttar Pradesh? Native to, natively to Uttar Pradesh. Yes sir. And settled in Kolkata? Yes sir. For how many years? So, almost 19 years now sir. 19 years. Any specific reasons for shifting to Kolkata? So, my father was posted in Kolkata sir. Now, where is Furveen? Sir, he is in Kolkata I suppose. Which country you are from? Okay, a bridge and roof company in India limited. It's a government of India undertaking and deals in the construction sector sir. Okay, okay. So, he is still serving? Yes sir. Tell me something about your this application of 5S workplace performance. So, the application of 5S and workplace performance in Kolkata? Yes sir. So, the application of 5S and workplace performance improvement is a technique which as the name suggests helps in improving workplace productivity. At the same time it has other ancillary benefits for example like cleaning up the workplace and like generating revenues out of the scrap material that are produced. What is 5S? I don't understand. So, 5S is a Japanese technique which involves 5 activities that in at workplace performance improvements sir. What are those? So, the 5SR series that means sorting, sit on which means setting in order, say so which means cleaning, shitsuke which means standardizing and there is one more S that I cannot recall right now. Where did you apply this? Where did you apply this? So, there was this in my college days we had this system of like car making teams in our campus. So, there was a room allotted to them called the boiler room. So, the application of 5S was actually done on the boiler room itself sir. Football, you play football or watch football? Sir, I have played football in my college days and when I was in Kolkata I played football. After I have moved here I have actually stopped playing but I have been watching football continuously. Tell you something about Santosh Trophy? Is it going on? Yes sir. So, Santosh Trophy has its origins in the colonial era when the Maharaja of Santosh created a trophy mainly for the east Bengal regions and parts of northeast India sir. Today it is a premier Indian trophy and it usually sees participation from states and certain organization like the services and the IOCL. So, currently Santosh Trophy is going on. Usually it was held in New Delhi but I am not sure if this because last year it was moved to Hyderabad and so I am not sure if the location of Santosh Trophy this year also. Okay. What are government bonds? We hear government bonds, government securities, what are those? So, government securities or GSEC as we call them are financial instruments of which are of the nature of debentures sir and they are issued by the reserve bank on behalf of government and they carry a sovereign guarantee on them. So, why those are issued? So, they are issued so that the government can raise money from the bond market and investors can get a assured return at assured and as well as a good return on them. And I am told the government is also buying like this US government bonds, our government also is buying. Yes sir. What for they are doing that? So, if I am to present an analysis on why the Indian government is buying the US dominated government bonds, it could be a reason because US is known as a flagship economy or a stable economy. So, buying US government bonds gives the government of India a guaranteed return from the investments that are made in the US capital market and this would also help augment the financial, the forex reserves of our country. So, this is my analysis on it. So, when we are buying bonds, we are giving them forex. Yes sir. But then we get periodic payments which are in the coupon payments or if not, if we do not get a coupon payment, we get a lump sum at the end of maturity. Okay. Now, there is talk going on. It was in paper also decriminalization of minor offenses. Offenses which are not fraudulent in nature and all. What does it mean? Sir, I do not remember the context in which this has been but from our layman's perspective, I would say that there are certain offenses which can be categorized as major or severe and the other offenses are of minor nature. So, the offenses of minor nature which has a probable cut-off date, they can be actually moved over, not under the ages of court systems but then alternative mechanism can be established so that these are not decriminalized. What is that alternate mechanism? Sir, I am unaware about it but if I were to take a guess, we can move for alternate dispute redressal mechanisms like out of court settlement as it is followed in the US. However, sir, this is based on my analysis and I am unaware of the factual details of it. Okay. This, because of this conflict and all, Russia also is requesting India for collaboration in scientific field. Are of that? No, sir. I am not aware about this, sir. The Bengal Chief Minister has been in use with respect to investment push. Yes, sir. You are familiar with this? Yes, sir. Can you tell me more about this? Sir, that conventionally, if we talk about West Bengal as a state, it hasn't been able to attract investments as such because of a very socialistic and a pro-communist line of ideology that has been prevalent. As well as there are law and order and other issues which make Bengal not a very favorable investment decision. However, the current Bengal Chief Minister, Honorable Chief Minister Moshi Mati Mamta Banerjee is pushing hard for bringing investments to the state. The vibrant Bengal summit which is organized yearly and then there is a biannual summit on sector-specific investments which are being conducted. So, there is an investment push that is being undertaken by the Chief Minister. Can you tell me some recent investments that has come into Bengal, the big ones, FDIs which has come into Bengal? Sir, I am unable to recall. Unable to recall. What is the status of relationship between the state and the governor right now? India follows a model of federalism, sir, wherein the center and states have powers distributed among them, sir. The governor has expected to act as a linchpin between the two wings of the government, sir. However, in states where we see there are different political parties. For example, if the political party at center is different from the political party at states, there is a system of cooperative federalism which gets transferred to the system of a cutthroat or a frictional federalism, sir. So, Bengal is one such example of frictional federalism and the governor is the one who is actually caught in between this. British Prime Minister's visit last week. Yes, sir. Can you tell me the key outcomes and key agreements that has been signed on this visit? Sir, I am unable to recall the exact details, sir. Akash Institute. Is it Akash or is it Baiju Akash now? So, Baiju has taken over, bought Akash for 1 billion dollars. What is the impact of acquisition of Akash by Baiju? How has it changed Akash? So, the capital infusion has been used, sir. And Akash now has a bigger brand name attached to it. And on top of that, the Baiju's family covers a lot of sectors. So, Akash would get a fillip when a dedicated JEE and a neat preparation would actually merge with the Baiju's neat and JEE platform, sir. And on top of that, sir, with the acquisition of Akash by Baiju, we see that the profile of Akash as a coaching giant in this sector has actually leapfrogged some of its competitors, sir. Do you think the tech sector has to be subjected to monopolistic regulations because Baiju has become too large with too many presence? Sir, I am of the view that monopoly helps no system in progress and at the same time, I am of the opinion that the biggest losers in a case of a monopoly are the customers themselves, sir. So, there must be some certain sort of regulations that can be brought in the domain, sir. Okay. One of your hobbies is blogging. What is this? So, blogging is an activity which combines jogging with picking up letters, sir. So, it is an environment-friendly physical activity. Where have you done this and how often do you do this? So, I started this activity when I was in Pilani in 2016. And I did this activity in Kolkata in 2018. However, after pandemic, I have lost touch with this activity. But I plan on resuming it very anytime soon. But then I need a couple of other people as well. So, do you do it as an individual or do you do it as a group? It is mostly done as a group, sir. Because there is one person who has to be holding a trash bag and another person who has to be picking up waste and then it will cycle between the two people. It can be done individually, but it will not be as effective unless it is done in a group, sir. What kind of safety precautions and equipments do you use for blogging? Sir, we use the crowbar, like a modified version of a crowbar for picking up plastic letters, sir. We use gloves. Masks are very important. Then proper footwear, which can cater to both running as well as going deep in letters, sir. And at the same time, sir, certain people have been advised to use goggles as well, sir. And the plastic bag which we use for picking up or holding trash must be a thicker one, sir. If I am not wrong, I recall it to be around 75 microns, minimum 75 microns bag. It was also recommended by a couple of people, sir. There are different colour coatings for waste baskets and waste covers also. Yes, sir. Can you tell me what is the difference? Because waste covers also come in green, blue, black. Same applies for waste baskets also. What do you understand by this? So, I am unable to recall the exact colour, which colour stands for which category of waste. But what I can recall is there are different categories of waste. For example, recyclable, recyclable and biodegradable. And the long-end use plastics and all. So, this is what I can recall, sir. Okay. Playing and watching football. What are your expectations out of the World Cup that's coming? So, I expected to be an even better tournament. Sorry. I expected to be an even better tournament than the one that was held in Russia in 2018, sir. And this tournament is very significant because after 2002, it is the first time the tournament is being played outside of Europe or South America. And so, there has been some certain issues relating to human rights crisis, which was involved in like Qatar building its stadiums and all, especially with respect to the death of over a thousand migrant labourers, sir. So, I hope that such an issue is also being addressed and a clarification is made on this, sir. Overall, I expect that the World Cup which is to be held in November, December turns out to be a very enjoyable experience, sir. During the last World Cup, I think there were certain rules were changed with respect to the competition. Are you familiar with this? Sir, I remember the rule at the offside, the introduction of offside, sir. I cannot recall any other major rule that was being changed, sir. FIFA is subjected to a lot of allegations of corruption and even the Qatar getting the venue as a World Cup host is subject to allegations. What do you know about this? So, there have been accusations that the top brass of FIFA, the president and executive vice chairman, they have been like dealing in illicit money so as to grant or favour a cut certain country from getting sponsorships, sir. So, this is a major accusations that has been in place and the Committee on Arbitration on Sportscast is actually investigating this right now, sir. Okay. Thank you, sir. What has been the impact of Russia, Ukraine prices on fertilizer prices? So, based on my limited knowledge and my reading of the newspapers, I remember reading an article where it was talking about the rise in fertilizer prices because certain chemicals which came from the region was actually supply chain was of those chemicals were impacted. So, this is a very important. Will it have any fiscal impact also? Yes, sir. Because the government to contain the price riser, the government might have to increase its subsidy. So, that might hurt the fiscal map of the countries. You have done research on 5S as we were talking about. Yes, sir. So, Japanese are said to be process oriented. Yes, sir. So, what do you think is better, process oriented or goal oriented? Sir, I am of the opinion that being process oriented is very critical in achieving a task especially if you are talking about 21st century and the complex interdisciplinary challenges that we have. However, at the same time, we must not actually lose sight of the goal in favour of like perfecting small tasks. So, I would actually go with both of them, sir. What do you think government does? Is it process oriented or goal oriented? So, for a very long period of time in India, the governments were worked as a goal oriented plan or decision maker. This was evident in the planning system that was in place. However, in the past couple of decades, we see that there has been an adequate for a personal process. And this has also been attributed to the LPG reforms which actually intended that processes do matter as well. And then since then, sir, even the present Prime Minister has actually focused on improving processes as a means of achieving goals, final goals. So, you have stayed in West Bengal for couple of years now. Yes, sir. What do you think of ease of doing business in West Bengal in general? Sir, for a very large period of time, sir, especially doing my stay, the ease of doing business in West Bengal wasn't at par with the other major financial centres of the country, sir. There are a couple of reasons to that, sir. But the couple of if I were to outline a couple of reasons, sir. Number one would be the law and order situations, especially with respect to the land acquisition. So, this was actually very much difficult. Then there was a general climate in the state which gave out a vibe that the state wasn't very open to industry. The 2007 Singur crisis was actually marked that. And then, sir, West Bengal as an investment destination could not keep pace with other prominent investment destinations like Maharashtra, Gujarat, Karnataka. And then in the last few years, we have seen a very important, very nuanced role of syndicate. We have called it a syndicate raj. So, that is also hurting investment prospects. But the state is on an upward trend in the past two years. We have seen massive investment. West Bengal is the second fastest growing investment destination in the country, sir. And I hope that if certain issues are resolved, we can actually hope for a very favourable future with respect to investments. You have political science and international relations as your option. Yes. What is the Russia's objective for attack on Ukraine? So, Russia has dual objective in its military operations in Ukraine. The first would be safeguarding its own security because NATO wants to set up its establishment in Russia. And Russia being a huge country, but most of its population is concentrated on the western side. And so any such establishment would bring the major part of a Prussian population under direct threat from NATO missiles. And the second would be, it's a process called a threat of intimidation, sir. Where in Russian military operation would be used as a tool to ward off any push by the NATO towards Russian intelligence. So, it's a dual objective based on Russian national interest. Okay, all right. In the wake of the Russia's attack on Ukraine, certain Russian clubs were suspended from UEFA. Yes, sir. Football club. Yes, sir. So, do you think sports and politics should be mixed? I believe that there has to be certain level of engagement between states and politics and politics and sports and a certain level of disengagement, sir. So, sports does not happen in the vacuum of politics. Political factors do induce. So, like removing the Russian clubs, Russian and Ukrainian clubs out of UEFA's mandate. UEFA's mandate wasn't a good step, sir. What could have been done that? They could have actually been like, pause could have been made on the plane of the organizing of tournaments in Russia and Ukraine. Or they could have been shifted to another venue where these clubs could have actually taken part, sir. Okay. Despite India being, you know, having a population of 1.3 billion people does not do well in football. What are the reasons for that? So, there are a couple of reasons that I can recall. The first would be lack of infrastructure and facilities. So, this is the biggest impediment that the sport faces in the country. The second would be lack of popular icons, sir. We look at a sport like cricket. We have Sachin Dendulkar, Virat Koli, Ms Dhoni. When we're talking about, when an average person talks about football, he'll talk about Leo, Messi or Cristiano Ronaldo. If they won't talk about Sunil Chhetri, they'll barely talk about Sunil Chhetri or Baichan Bhutia. The third issue would be the climate of the country where in only certain parts of the country, especially the areas which have strong monsoon-type climates, would actually be conducive for playing football. And the fourth would be the genetics. The role of genetics has been highlighted by a study wherein people from certain races are not very physically capable of playing sustained sports. And football to an extent is an endurance-based sport. So, large parts of our country wherein the climate is very adverse, football hasn't been able to grow that much. How much distance does an average player cross in football, run in football? Sir, it depends from the position. Sir, usually midfielders are the ones that run the highest. Box-to-box midfielders, they record around 13 kms or an average in a match. Strikers, they go a little less, around 8 kms. Defenders also hold around 8-9 kms, sir. Okay, last question. Tell me something about integrated command and control center related to smart cities. Is there a news? I do not recall about it, sir. So, Shubham, are you following UB politics also? Yes, ma'am, on a very amateur level. Okay, and can you tell us what has led to the victory of Yogi Adityanath that he has come back in the second term again? Ma'am, there are a couple of factors that have led to the victory of Yogi Adityanath. One was a very strong pro and incumbency at the ground level, sir. Ground level, which was actually visualized. The public tried to, the media tried to present a portrait of anti-incumbency, but at the ground level, sir, grand level, it was a system of pro-incumbency. The next would be the welfare and the populist schemes that were pushed by the honorable CM of UP. The third would be the great support on the great voting behavior in favor of BJP by the women of UP. And especially work has been done with respect to subsidies, with respect to LPGs, L-Cylinders being given out of freebies and then pink police booths. Women's security in general has improved in UP by a bit. So these are the factors that I've actually contributed to. And there's one more factor if I may add is the, like, usually UP is a very cost-polarized state. But this time the ruling party has won the elections based on a diverse voting pattern based on different castes. So, like, a general, like, a caste-based voting has moved on to a more of a religion-based or an identity-based voting. So do you think what is your view on this change, on this shift? You think that it has started a precedent where the voting may start to happen on the basis of development rather than caste. So, and looking at our country and the dynamics in the politics in the country, it is mostly caste-based politics. So what is your view on that? Has that changed or that shift has begun? Ma'am, it is unfortunate that even after 75 years of our independence, caste continues to hold a major play in the Indian political arena. However, a couple of elections starting from the 2014 elections a bit and then to the 2019 general elections and the recent UP elections has indicated a shift towards development or a populism-based voting pattern rather than a caste-based voting pattern. But still there is a, we cannot actually ignore the role of caste that is being played in the Indian political setup and more needs to be done so that people come out of their caste consciousness when they go out to vote. Suppose if you are a leader of a political party and you have to choose a candidate for your constituencies. So what all factors would you consider while choosing that? Ma'am, there are a couple of factors that I would factor in before selecting a candidate. The first would be the winnability of the candidate. Like if the candidate is someone who has a good strong chance of winning from that seat, I would actually prefer him. Another important factor would be the character of the candidate. A candidate might be winnable but then if he is someone not of a good character, it would actually do the party more harm than good. So this is an important factor. The third would be based on the data and the analytics that I have received. I would actually try and gauge the issues and then issue-based candidature is also something that is catching up. For example, in my home district of Balia, BJP lost couple of seats because it did not go for issue-based candidature. So this is something that I would go. And another important factor, the factor which I would actually factor in very prominently would be the inclusion of multiple facets of a society and not be limited to one facet. My selection of candidates would actually be based on the diversity that our society has and we cannot concentrate it to one community or one caste as such. So Calcutta is in news for some bad reasons also. So can you tell us that why was it in news? Not for good reasons. Ma'am, I remember post poll violences that occurred after the recently concluded by polls, that being a reason. Any recent news anything? I am sorry ma'am, I am unable to recall. Okay. Which is Asia's youngest democracy? It was in news recently. Okay. I am sorry ma'am. No problem. How, can you tell us something about the relationship between Pakistan and Taliban now? Ma'am, Pakistan and Taliban are sharing what we call the classical chicken and egg relationship. Pakistan has been a precursor. It has supported, it has nurtured, and now since Taliban is in power in Afghanistan, we see Taliban and Pakistan having border disputes along the Durand line. And frequently, Taliban has been accused of Pakistan has accused Taliban of causing ceasefire violations in the region. And so Pakistan has actually been haunted by the very spirit it actually tried to create. So what is the future? What future do you see in the relationship of Pakistan and Taliban? Ma'am, the future of Pakistan-Taliban relations do not look very optimistic to me for the very simple reason that the fault lines has been pretty much deep. And this is, and the primary reason of this is the Durand line which has been very hotly contested by the Taliban's. And Pakistan is a country which does not, which is traditionally not known for like moving out of its position or taking a different stand. And this stubbornness in the geopolitical arena has often costed people in the past and it might cost Pakistan in the past. So if this conflict is to come to an end, there must be some sort of solution along the Durand line. Okay, one last question. Any, some innovation in the field of chemistry, latest innovation on development? Ma'am, we can, I have recently read about microfabric crystals which are crystals at a micro-design level and they are exhibiting a property which is slightly different from the parent, parent materials. And this can actually be used in telecommunications and like optical exact, especially in the field of optics. And this is an important field that I can. Thank you.