 But today I want to really talk about what's going on in the marketplace that's benefiting Linux Outside of kind of what the technical things that are going on within Linux Which I think you'll get a full flavor of this week, but I want to talk about how big shifts in the technology landscape are Really favoring Linux and open source now these big shifts in the tech landscape or things that I think everybody knows about But I think it's interesting to see how they're now relating to Linux and open source I think everybody knows that the most popular topic today in terms of the changing IT landscape is the shift towards cloud computing Cloud computing is going to have this amazing impact and I know everybody realizes that this is a big shift But I wanted to put it in perspective. It's just how big a shift this is IDC predicts that the spending on cloud services is growing at five times the rate of the IT industry There was a recent report that I saw that mentioned that on just one cloud instance Amazon public cloud Amazon web services for every dollar spent on AWS Three to four dollars of traditional IT spending buying servers software and so forth Just disappears That's a tremendous shift in the landscape But why is that important for Linux? Because free and open source software is really fueling all of this huge Software as a service movement. In fact, we looked around we I asked some of my staff to go look at just how big Linux is in public clouds and software as a service and We were really hard pressed to find a public infrastructure as a service cloud that wasn't running Linux In fact, we only found one Can anyone guess which one that might have been you got it exactly? Microsoft Azure of course is not running Linux But to give you a perspective of just how important free and open source software is For this sort of new era of cloud-based hyper scale scale out computing Something interesting. I thought of just as I was coming down here relates to Twitter Everybody knows that Twitter is going public, right? This is now going to be one of the most anticipated technology IPOs really of this year and what's interesting is most of Twitter's infrastructure most of their software is Open-source I Checked just this morning. They have a hundred repos on github Just of Twitter software that they use to run Twitter. This isn't you know Linux and all the other things that are used to run Twitter They have actually a Chris. I don't know if Chris is here this week, but they have a special group whose job is really to Open-source most of the technology that runs Twitter So as we shift towards this new cloud sort of web scale computing, you know Twitter Doesn't see the software that they use to build their service is their big differentiator, right? They just want it to be efficient Scalable affordable and so they not only use open-source software, but they release most of it as open-source software. I think they hire 10 15 percent of their Engineering staff from people who work on Twitter related open-source projects who just come in as volunteers So you can see this sort of web scale computing model is really Helping move Linux and open-source software forward In fact this web and scale and sort of hyperscale computing model is really changing the entire server industry right Some of the top computer makers now in the u.s. Are not actually computer makers their companies like Google Facebook and Amazon And on all of those servers is Linux and open-source In fact in enterprise computing oops We're really getting down to a two-horse race Where Linux is becoming the not only the fastest growing platform, but the de facto platform for new green field deployments Windows also continues to grow But Unix is really now being completely replaced by Linux So you see in hyperscale environments and cloud environments Linux Open source is really the core of how that is being created In addition a big trend towards a web Centric application model is favoring Linux and open-source You know IDC predicts that by 2015 80% of mobile apps will at least partially be based on HTML 5 You know I always say every time somebody builds an app the web dies just a little bit But HTML 5 is clearly a Centered around this service delivery model where you have a better way to deploy secure and maintain software You know we have a little regression to client server and mobile and objective see in certain platforms But I think what you're going to see and what everyone is seeing in the market these days is a move towards That web-centric model where you build an app. It's delivered on anything. It could be a television It could be a phone. It could be a tablet. It could be a wide variety of things and what that is really doing is Creating an end of an OS era Really decoupling the OS from the primary development environments that you see out there And we're really now seeing the windows and win API era Sort of closing down but what's interesting here is how There's a new network effect that's scaling this cloud-centric service-centric world And that network effect is no longer application API's that network effect is broad hardware Availability Today Linux really has reached a tipping point in terms of supporting Almost every architecture known to man, you know every SOC You know any kind of device? I hate to keep picking on Greg But I mean the number of device that support that keep coming into the kernel is just unprecedented yet what this really does is Anybody who's going to build anything is just De facto reaching to Linux because they already know that the hardware support is going to be there Whether it's a watch wearable computing device whether it's a smartphone a tablet a stereo an Automotive system you name it and I think that that trend is going to continue that network effect is going to continue To have Linux and open source dominate the future of computing where really all of this is abstracted Where Functionality within the IT industry is abstracted into these services layers and that's where underlying hardware support in any form really matters and What we see there in this new IT economy is that the big winners are going to be people who Focus their business around a server sent a service centric model Whether it's service providers themselves like Amazon or Google or Facebook or Twitter or Companies who are rejiggering and repositioning themselves to provide IT services or hardware and support into that services Centric model those are the big winners and in addition the big winners are all of you Open source developers who are really creating the underlying infrastructure that powers this big shift You know traditionally open source has been that fast follower in every kind of IT trend that we've seen You know prior to this time right now But now we've reached this really interesting point We're now the default model for new areas of innovation Whether it's you know the stuff that's going on at open stack Whether it's in software-defined networking, you know projects like open daylight You really have a new way of developing software where there's no central authority or control where all of these organizations that are Benefiting from these big IT trends are coming together Building their underlying infrastructure software together with no single corporate control point So that they can focus if you're Twitter on their users or a Facebook if your Facebook on their users or Amazon or Google or whoever And that is a tremendous shift. That's really helping Linux and open source So what are the challenges in this environment? I Promise to a few people that today I wouldn't just talk about how great Linux is and how all IT trends are helping Linux and open source Although I do think that is a point in fact But there are big challenges for Linux And I think they're worth noting as we start off this week and talk about how we as a Community and as a collective industry can address them First of all The desktop continues to be something that Linux hasn't fulfilled a promise. I Promised several people that I would stop making the year of the Linux desktop joke. I Just did it again. I apologize. I can't help myself But you know, let's let's face the reality here, which is you know Microsoft continues to have this amazing footprint on the desktop Now what I think is happening here is the desktop is just frankly less relevant I think that's why you see Microsoft stock being punished You know you see the PC industry under tremendous pressure and Android has certainly helped in making Tablets and new ways of computing much better But I think there's more work to be done there and there's some promising signs Chromebooks and other new types of form factors are making a big impact. I Talked to somebody Acer they claim that Chromebooks now are five to ten percent of its use US PC shipments And while I think we're in early days there as we move towards a web-centric model as we move towards this sort of You know centralized computing that you access from almost any device that's going to help Linux But we still have to focus on how we can make Linux a great desktop work from companies like or projects like Ubuntu Fedora and others continue to do that work, but that I think is a challenge. We need to overcome Microsoft and .net continue to have a strong footprint in the enterprise What's interesting is there still is this big Windows footprint in the enterprise But if you look at relative growth, what we're really seeing is Python PHP and Pearl Really growing esponentially. I think it'll be important for Linux and this community and all the different projects that make up underlying Infrastructure to move towards those modalities and get people to move off of .net Another challenge for our community is legal issues and This is primarily around scaling the legal community to support the adoption of free and open-source software And support the collaborative development that's going to fuel all this technology and already is I was talking to ebb and up in this morning about this how you know a lot of times the problem That rests with legal isn't that business decision makers haven't already decided to move towards an open-source development model It isn't even that there are not clear ways to use Current legal structure to share the intellectual property you want to share keep the intellectual property You want to keep all of that works the licenses work? We've kind of figured out a regime that makes it work The problem is we just don't have enough lawyers who understand all of this to make it work as smooth as it could We don't have enough Automation to make license compliant as easy as it should be You know programs like spdx should move faster so that we can have a standardized way of sharing Open-source license data across a wide variety of projects and products and really Automate into the build tools the ability to comply with all of these legal requirements that just aren't that complicated at face value And so this is going to be a challenge and I think the Linux foundation with our open compliance program wants to step up here Another challenge for Linux and open-source is going to be in emerging markets These are the fastest growing technology markets in the world. In fact, this is where Linux is growing at an insane pace But participation in the Linux development process and community and in the open-source community at large needs to catch up with that adoption We need to reach out to those different countries and geographies and help Teach Chinese developers. Let's say hacker English so that they can participate if language is a barrier Maybe we can adjust the culture of how development works so that it's easier for people from other cultures to participate in the process But clearly there's growth in these markets and clearly we can do more to reaching out to them You know, I look just at the contest that we had to you know provide scholarships People who wanted to learn more about Linux it came the biggest demand came from all these regions Clearly people there want to participate want to learn we should do more reaching out to them which leads me to the final big challenge which is Developers finding more people like most of you when I talked to organizations about How they can improve their use and participation of Linux or open-source software How they can improve their products what their biggest problems are the number one thing and I don't care what company it is whether it's Google IBM Qualcomm Intel you name it the number one thing they say is I need more developers We're rolling out a whole host of training programs this year and next to try and Get more developers to catch up with this insane demand for Knowledge around Linux and open-source software. What's crazy is you know if you actually learn this stuff you're gonna get a big pay bump I Think we need to do a better job getting that I think probably the biggest bottleneck for adoption of Linux and open-source globally solved and really that is Getting developer resources to catch up with the actual adoption of Linux and open-source Now the good news is these are all Fairly good problems to have right. They're all demand-related. They're all problems because Linux and open-source software is so insanely successful But the question is can we meet these challenges? Is this a permanent state of affairs will Collaboration on a massive scale truly be The future of IT or will we regress back to sort of closed silos and proprietary software of the past And you know when I thought of this I looked back 13 years To a video that I love that sort of I think predicted the place that we're at today and Still illustrates how Collectively how learning from each other we can go and solve all of these challenges And I wanted to share that video with you today as we kick off this week So that hopefully it will inspire you to take Linux and open-source software to even greater heights So let's check it out I think you should see this It's just a kid. This is a g-cord He's learning absorbent. He's getting smarter every day Homo habitus was the first to use tools a player who makes the team great is more valuable than a great player Losing yourself in the group for the good of the group. That's teamwork. It's happening fast We've always watched the stars if you look at the sky you can see the beginning of time In data is only the first step toward wisdom, but sharing data is the first step toward community Poetry, but not much glory and poetry only achievement one little thing can solve an incredibly complex problem Everything's about timing kid. This is business faster better treatment constant improvement So you want to fly on? I 13 years ago, I don't know if it By the way, I apologize for the equality. I rip that down off of YouTube But that that was 13 years ago when IBM invested a billion dollars in Linux. It was a Super Bowl lad You know, I mean I I can throw a dart in a general direction and it hits a tech company That really is entirely created on top of this I mean, I you know, I literally opened up a newspaper thinking about how I would write this talk and Twitter's IPO Is right there this literally the most anticipated IPO this this year and All of it is built on free and open-source software That is a pretty amazing place today I think we really have reached this point where what all of you have been doing for decades is Now the default way of innovating and that's a pretty great place to be