 Okay. Welcome back, everyone. I'm sorry. I've just started the recording of this lecture as well, and just remind you that all our recorded lectures will be available for all students. It will be available in the Classwork section in Google Classroom, as well as in our eLearning portal for the eLearning students, those who are studying through the eLearning platform. Okay. Commercial out of the way. So let's get in. Any questions on the things that we have spoken so far? Samuel, you have a question, please. Yeah. Not sure if there's a question in there, but with the last point that you made, and especially looking at First Peter 315, and I just continued reading before and after that also, I think along with defending our faith, I see, and this also, I think it's kind of like a relate, I could relate to myself, which is the idea of accepting suffering for doing so, for the aspect of suffering being attached to apology aware, kind of sounds like Peter is asking us to be okay with facing humiliation, rejection, mockery, and he also points to Christ having gone through the same, and I was thinking of all the times when being engaged in similar kind of conversations where it's actually the idea of, I think the ego is what gets hurt the most, like when you're saying, you know what you're saying is valuable and the truth, but people are not like to believe you, they make fun of you, or they provide counter-arguments of that, so I think it's, and you let your emotions get in the way, and so I just think with that, so I'm not sure if there's a question about the dead sister, that was what I think. Okay, fair enough, yeah, you're sharing an observation, and that is true, like we said, you know, the context in which Peter's speaking to are a group of, our believers were going through a lot of persecution, and in the midst of all that he's saying, provide a defense, do it with meekness, do it with fear, and then yes, you know, if you read the rest of what he's written there, and first Peter, he doesn't, you know, and we will talk about it, I think, a little later when we come to discuss the whole issue of suffering, Peter just says, you know, you've got to stand firm through suffering and keep going, you know, it's part of what we will have, what will happen in the world. Christopher, you have a question, please. Yes, Pastor, this was in reference to what you had mentioned about Jesus being the great apologist, so my question is, over the course of time, there have been, you know, other apologists, and now in the present time, actually, there are two questions, one is, has it become easier, more difficult, you know, to be an apologist, and you know, how are people responding to the, how there are nonbelievers respond to that, and the second question is, is an example of how this is being done differently in the present time, you know, versus how it was done during Jesus' time. Okay, so good questions, very good questions. I would like to, you know, answer the second question first, which is, is apologetics today different from Bible times, and that is what I, you know, I've been trying to emphasize that, you know, sadly today, apologetics has become purely words, and words are important, to be said, even Jesus is very wise in his words, but Bible apologetics is words and works for reason and demonstration. It is, it is a blending of the two, you know, that's why I kind of intentionally emphasized Jesus as a great apologist, and also intentionally emphasized that Peter's apology would not just have been words, because he was an uneducated, untrained man, but for him, apology was the power of the gospel demonstrated. So what we want to do in this course is, while we are going to have reason, we must not forget that biblical apologetics is reason and demonstration, and sometimes the demonstration does what reason cannot. So to answer the second part of your question, yes, today's apologetics has gone far away from biblical apologetics, and I'll just add one more thought to it, you know, very sadly in the Christian world, it seems like there are two camps. There's one camp of people who believe in the supernatural part of God, and then there's another camp that just believes in, you know, the intellectual aspect of the Christian faith, and they don't look eye to eye. The intellectual people look at the supernatural and say, hey, these people are uneducated, untrained. That's why they depend on the supernatural. The supernatural people look at the, you know, intellectual and say, hey, they're just depending on reason and argument, they need to come and experience the power of God. So it's almost like they're pointing fingers at each other. But what I really want to encourage us to do is to blend the two. You know, we need to blend the two. We need to be people full of the power of God, but we also need to be people who know how to reason. And that's what we find in the Bible. We find it in Jesus, we find it in Paul that, you know, they reasoned, but they also demonstrated, right? That's the second part. The first part of your question, is it easier to be an apologist today? I don't think things have changed in the sense that, you know, people have questions or people always have it, or have always had questions. And one of the things we'll do a little later on in this chapter is, you know, look at the early church and the early church had to defend itself against a lot of heresies. You know, we are where we are today with the scriptures and with some sort of sense of what is pure, because the early church in the first 300, 400 years had defended the truth against heresies. And you will, I think you are learning this, you will learn this in your course on Christian history. And when it goes to the history of the church, chapter three in that book on revivals, visitations, and you will see that, you know, the first 400 years of the church, the church had to defend the basics of the faith, like that who is Jesus, the triune God, the scriptures, the church had to defend against all kinds of wrong things coming in to corrupt, you know, this, and that's why today we have a pure form of the truth that we can believe in. So what I want to say is, throughout the centuries, there have always been questions or things that would try to come in against the faith. But in one sense, things are more difficult today because of the overload of information and secondly, the degree of corruption. And Paul writes about this in 2 Timothy chapter three, verses one to five, he says, you know, in the last days, perilous times will come. And then he just describes the condition of people. He says, in the Holy Spirit is saying, this is what's going to happen. And, you know, he's writing about our days. And people are going to be really, really opposed to the gospel. And so today, you know, in one sense, yes, things are even more difficult because of the amount of information out there, and the degree of corruption that's there. Corruption means I'm talking about moral degradation. It's almost been there, but today it's so open and so perverse, that so it's become even more challenging, but we need to be stronger as we, you know, are upholders of the truth. I hope that answers your question. Yes, thank you. Okay, we'll take one more question and then move forward. Say, Jews asked for signs, so the Greeks asked wisdom. Yes, I was to work on both preaching the word and demonstrating the gospel. Okay, thank you. Okay, good. So that was, Say was just affirming the blending of reason and demonstration. Good, thank you. All right, so we're going to go forward from where we paused last time. I'm going to look at the course notes here with all of us. All right, so when we, so we looked at Peter and yeah, so that was a question that we, you know, I just left you with at the end of the last session is that Peter's apology of us would not necessarily have to do with strong argument, but it, you know, it was a demonstration of the power of God when we see an ax for, when you look at the apostle Paul, and we see that Paul was a great, also a great apologist. Now, we understand his background, his training, you know, the apostle Paul was trained a Pharisee, and he studied under Gamaliel, you know, one of the great scholars of his day. And Paul prides himself. He writes about this in Philippians three, you know, he was a Hebrew of the Hebrews. He was an outstanding scholar, outstanding Hebrew, and a great Pharisee. So he was very well trained in the Old Testament scriptures. So he was a scholarly person, and the Lord, then the Lord Jesus touched him. Right. So he came to faith in Christ, and his life was opened up to the power of the Gospel and the power of the Holy Spirit. So that dimension was added. But then when you look at Paul's ministry, and I've listed out these verses here in the PDF, you see time and time again, that in his ministry, the apostle Paul blended the two, right? He blended reasoning and demonstration. And we're just going to pick up a few of these scriptures, you know, you could read all of them at another time. But let's just look at a few of them. Let's go to Acts 13, please. Acts chapter 13. And we look at verses six through 12. Somebody could read that passage for us. Acts chapter 13. And verses six through 12. Somebody could read it, please. All right, the class is really silent. I don't know what happened. Yes, please jump in. Acts 13, 6 to 12. Anybody? Yes. Now, in Acts 13, 6 to 12. Now, when they had gone through the island, island to Baphos, they found a certain sorcerer, a false prophet, a Jew whose name was Bar-Jesus, who was with the pro-counsel, Sergius Paulus, an intelligent man. This man called for Barnabas and Saul and sought to hear the word of God. But Amos, the sorcerer, for so his name is translated, it stood them, seeking to turn the pro-counsel away from the faith. Then Saul, who's also called Paul, filled with the Holy Spirit, looked intently at him and said, Oh, full of all deceit and all fraud, you son of the devil, you enemy of all righteousness, will you not cease perverting the straight ways of the Lord? And now indeed, the hand of the Lord is upon you, and you should be blind, not seeing the Son for a time. And immediately a darkness fell on him, and he went around seeking someone to lead him by the hand. Then the pro-counsel believed when he saw what had been done, being astonished at the teachings of the Lord. So a very, very interesting situation, and this is, you know, on their very first missionary journey. So Paul and Barnabas have been sent out from the church in Antioch. They go out of, they set sail from Antioch. I think they go down to Caesarea and from Caesarea, they sail off into Cypersons. Anyway, they reach this island, Paphos, and there is Sergius Paulus, and he says, yeah, he's an intelligent man. That's something to make Lord of, right? So here's a person who's a thinker. Here's a person who wants to reason. He's an intelligent man. But very interestingly, he also is a very spiritual man. How do we know that? Because before Paul and Barnabas came, there was already somebody who was influencing Sergius Paulus. There was Elimus, the sorcerer. Now Sergius Paulus would not have entertained a sorcerer who was a spiritualist. He would not have entertained him if he didn't have interest in spiritual things. So contrary to popular thought, an intelligent man also deeply spiritual. So we shouldn't think that intelligent people are not interested in spiritual things. There are many people who are intelligent, who are very, you know, who like to reason, who like to think through things, but they're also very deeply spiritual. And Sergius Paulus was one of those. And so Paul and Barnabas, they are there. They are invited to speak to Sergius Paulus. He obviously hears what they're doing outside and in the island that he calls them in. So he wants to listen to them and then try to understand the situation here. Here's a man, Sergius Paulus, Paul and Barnabas preachers for the Gospel. And then you have Elimus, the sorcerer, a spiritualist. And who's going to win? You know, I'm sure Paul had proclaimed the Gospel. He explained everything so powerfully, beautifully. You know, he did the apology apart. But probably till there's something influencing this Sergius Paulus, something has to break through. How did the breakthrough happen through a demonstration? And then it says, you know, verse 12, he believed. So this man was the man and he was in a senior position of administration in Tinker, the island. He believed two things. He saw and he was amazed at the teaching of the Lord. He saw the work of God. He was amazed at the teaching of God. So both impacted him. You know, the teaching of the Lord impacted him. But the turning point came when he saw a demonstration of the work of God. So Paul reasoned and demonstrated that was apology and complete defense of the Gospel. And in this case, the hostility came from a spiritualist. The opposition came from, you know, somebody was in the supernatural space doing, you know, those kinds of things. Maybe if you look at one more, I mean, I'd love for us to go through all these scriptures, but it would just take a lot of time. Maybe I'll just give a quick summary as we run through things. But let's take some time to go over into Acts 17 and Acts 17. And let's look at verses one to four. Somebody could read that, please. Acts 17, one to four. Go ahead, please. Now, when they had passed through the MP police and Apollonia, they came to Thessalonica, where there was a synagogue of the Jews. Then Paul, as his custom was, went into them and for three Sabbath reasoned with them from the scriptures and explaining and demonstrating that the Christ had to suffer and rise again from the dead and saying, this Jesus whom I preach to you is the Christ. And some of them were persuaded and a great multitude of the devout Greeks, not a few of the leading women joined Paul and Silas. Thank you. Now, look at these words very carefully, words to support, this isn't Thessalonica, right? So Paul has come. They've come on his team that come to Thessalonica. Look at these words very carefully. Verse two, for three Sabbaths, he reasoned from the scriptures. He reasoned. Now, when he says from the scriptures, obviously it means the Old Testament. That's what they had at that time. So from the Old Testament scriptures, Paul is explaining to these Jews about Christ. He reasoned with them. Look at the first part of verse three, explaining and demonstrating that Christ had to suffer and rise from the dead. Explaining, we know, we can understand that, and demonstrating. How did Paul demonstrate that Jesus died, sorry, and rose up from the dead? How would he have demonstrated it? Any thoughts? It says, sorry, explaining and demonstrating. How would he have done it? He would have done it by praying and healing the sick. Yes. Do other miracles. Yes. Thanks, Maggie. So that's how we did it. You know, it's the demonstrating part. And you find Paul referring to that in 1 Thessalonians 1 verse 5. Can somebody read that for us, please? For our gospel did not come to you in word only, but also in power and in the Holy Spirit and in much assurance. As you know what kind of men we were among you for your sake. So Paul is writing to the Thessalonians. So this is 1 Thessalonians is the first episode Paul wrote of all of his 13, 14 epistles. And he's writing back to the Thessalonians and he's reflecting on what happened in Acts 18. Sorry, in Acts 17, 1 to 4, he's reflecting back on that. And he's saying, guys, he doesn't use that language, but he just says, brethren, when we came to you, our gospel didn't come just in word, but also in power and in the Holy Spirit. That means we just didn't reason or we just didn't explain, but we also demonstrated. It came in power and in the Holy Spirit. So you see how Paul and his ministry blended the two. He blended reasoning and explaining with the demonstration and miracles both blended. So you find a lot of this in the ministry. Paul in Acts 17 verses 10 to 12, this is what happens when he goes over into Berea. He spends a lot of time, the scriptures say he reasoned with them and they searched the scriptures later on in Acts 17. They come into Athens and I think you'll be studying about these things in little detail in the other course on Christian history and missions. So when Paul comes into Athens, again, there's a lot of reasoning happening because Athens was like the Harvard of those days. It was the intellectual center, the capital and a lot of the Greek philosophers came out over a period of time from Athens. And so Paul and his team are in Athens and he reasons with them about Jesus Christ and Paul is brought to Eropagus, which is the or Mars Hill. This is a select group of intellectuals in the city of Athens up to about 20, 25 of them. And Paul is brought before these people to talk about Jesus. So these are intellectuals. I mean, they are the cream of the crop, so to speak, the chief of the intellectuals in that city of Athens. And Paul is brought before them to proclaim Christ. And he preaches Christ and the resurrection and the power of the gospel. And it records them towards the end of Acts 17 that a couple of them get saved there in the city of Athens. And so you can trace the ministry of the Apostle Paul in Acts 18 as they go to Corinth, Acts 19 as they go to Ephesians. You find that Paul reasoned, Paul demonstrated, Paul reasoned, Paul demonstrated. Even when he stood before kings, in Acts 24 and Acts 26, he reasons with them. But he also points to the supernatural by sharing his own testimony. He says, you know, I encountered Jesus personally, a light shown from heaven, I fell off, you know, I fell to the ground, I was blinded. So in his reason, he's also bringing in the supernatural. So what I want to just impress on our hearts at the very beginning of this course is our approach to apologetics is going to be a blending of reason and demonstration. We are going to spend a lot of time as we go through chapters looking at the reason part. But don't forget that sometimes the demonstration of the gospel will impact somebody, human, the reasoning of the gospel, the reasoning does not convince them. Okay, so keep that in mind. Any questions before we change our thought here? Any questions so far? I'm assuming if you're quiet and you're not asking questions, Maggie, go ahead. Can I ask questions? Apologetic sounds like it's something that every single believer should be equipped to defend the gospel. Because it is every single believer's duty to, like Peter said, to be ready to defend faith when they ask why they believe and why they think other people should believe in Jesus. Why are there only fewer people and fewer ministers who are in the category of apologetics and not all believers? Interesting question. I 100% agree with you, Maggie, that this is something all believers must do. I agree with you. But your second question, why? Why is it not everybody is involved? Maybe I'll be able to let people in the class answer that, try to answer that. I also think why is it they're not having more of that? Anybody in the class? Can I say something? Okay, go ahead, please. As Mangu was asking, I was looking at the situation, when Paul writes and says, the Holy Spirit has given us different offices, that one of a teacher, that one of a prophet. And I think there are not many who are giving the defense because not all of them are going to do that work. Others are going to be involved in other ministries and then also others are going to do that one for the defense. That's my thought. I mean, yes, it is true that in the body of Christ, there is specialization, right? God calls different ones to specialize. But there is also generalization. That means we all of us have to have some, you know, in general, every believer has to have certain things. Which one is, which like what Mangu was saying is all of us need to be able to defend as Peter was writing to all believers to defend the gospel. So, okay, but I do agree that, you know, God calls different ones differently. Maybe that's one reason why I see Shri Kumar's comment there, lack of knowledge. Okay, let's take a maybe couple more minutes just to try to answer Mangu's question. Why, why are we not seeing more of this, Samuel? Well, I think for me, I would say all of us do it or at least any Christian who is zealous enough, any Christian who is devoted and not nominal when encounters a scenario where he has to defend his faith does so. I would want to say like all of us do it. Probably we don't recognize it that we're doing it, but we do it. But of course, most times, we're either not prepared for it, or we haven't spent enough time with the scriptures. So we might, and it's very easily like how you're telling earlier, to explain and defend but not to get into arguments and debates, but not having enough training in that we often get into debates and arguments. But I think I would like to say most of us do it, but we just don't know how we, we try to, because we are I think in a world where there is more, like we are in a scientific thought, rational, dominant world. So the way we do it is we try to counter knowledge with knowledge with words, and often forget that it they need to be accompanied by words. So that's one. So one is we do it, but we do it just with words. One is I do think like I've seen like elders, my mom, others who pray, you know, like even I think one very common thing that those Christians do is I would pray for you or I'm going to pray for you, which is also I think a form of work for situations. I think people do it, but don't necessarily call it doing apologetics. But if it's defending faith and explaining faith, I think any jealous Christian does it. Thank you. Thank you. My connection may have been a little weak and in the in between, but I heard you Samuel. Thank you. All right. I see Rupa's hand. Rupa, please go ahead. You want to say something? Yes, sir. Many times I had this opportunity to share, but I never thought of it as apologetics. Sometimes God demonstrated it by science, but it was only by the power of the Holy Spirit God at that time, giving me the wisdom to say what is needed to say. Maybe it is not on a platform with so many people, but one on one basis or in small groups. Okay. I also see, thank you Rupa. I also see comments here on the chat from Beth that apologetics is a way that God uses us to grow in the kingdom. Satan knows it. He does all he can to prevent believers from doing this by making us feel intimidated, insecure, lack of knowledge, various other excuses. I also see Rose comment, ignorance that we need to defend no revelation, no confidence in the Bhagavali spirit. Yeah. So I think if you put all of these thoughts that people have shared together, we have the fact that God does call people to specialise ministries. Also the fact that maybe all of us in some way, as has been shared, are to some extent providing a defence to the Gospel in our interactions with people, but we also recognise that not many people are equipped. Maybe they're not even aware that there is this way of responding, of giving meaningful responses to questions that people ask. And sometimes we fail to depend on the power of God, the power of the Holy Spirit. And so we fail to really let people know, get a defence of what's happening. So I think all of these are at play, but the good thing is things are changing in the body of Christ, meaning people are learning, people are growing. So I think in the days to come, we will see a stronger voice of the Gospel coming forth from the church, from the body of Christ, in response to the questions people are asking. Good. Very good. So let's just go forward from where we paused. I'm going back to the class notes here. I want to touch on the spiritual side to this whole aspect before we start getting into the actual questions chapter by chapter. I want us to understand the spiritual side to this whole apologetics dilemma or question that we deal with. Keep in mind that there is, you know, first of all, there is demonic influence behind a lot of these questions or a lot of these opposition to the truths of the Christian faith. Right. And I've listed out scriptures here that we can look at. I will just mention them very quickly that, you know, there is truth that God has given to us and the church, but in the world, there is demonic activity. So second Corinthians chapter four was three and four says the God of this world has blinded the minds of people. Right. Second Corinthians 10 tells us, you know, there are strongholds or imaginations that are arguments that are reasonings that are at work in the minds of people. Second Corinthians 11, one to four, Paul is afraid even of believers and he says, you know, less Satan deceives you. So even in the minds of believers, Satan attempts to deceive. In First Timothy four verse one to four, you know, Paul writes, he says, the spirit is speaking very explicitly and saying that in the latter days, even men will depart from the faith giving heed to seducing spirits and doctrines of demons. That means there are spirits that seduce or draw people away from the faith. And there are doctrines of demons that are teachings that are promoted by demonic powers. And then in Revelation 12, nine and also in Revelation 20 or 78, we see that Satan deceives nations. That means he's a mass deceiver. Right. So he deceives entire groups of people. And this could be millions of people at one go. So all these scriptures are telling us that you know, this this apologetics or the defense of the gospel, it's not just, we're not just dealing with some, you see, there are genuine questions people have. But then there are things that are demonically inspired. So the ideas, the philosophies, there are things that are going on in this world, like it says doctrines of demons, teachings that are actually demonically inspired. And of course, they are inspired in order to disrepute, bring the truth of the gospel to disrepute. So we must keep that in mind that in this whole process of defending the gospel, we're not just dealing with arguments of people's minds. But in many cases, we are actually dealing with demonic influences that are affecting their thought processes. Now, we don't want to look at somebody and say, Hey, you know, the devil is inspired, you know, we can't do that. So what must we do while we are presenting meaningful response in the spirit, we have to deal with the spirit that is influencing that person or the group of people. So understand the spiritual dynamic. Now, because of this, right, and Paul writes here, and again, I'm just referencing a few things here, that Paul writes, Paul writes here, in Second Thessalonians three versus one to two, he says, you know, people are against us, because not all men have faith, you know, so therefore, because of this demonic influence, there will be people who do not have faith, do not believe what we are doing or saying, people may even first Timothy six, you know, the people may even oppose the gospel, they will oppose the work of the gospel, because of what we are doing. I would like us to go to Second Timothy chapter two, versus 23 to 26. I'll just spend a few minutes on this because this is important. Second Timothy chapter two, versus 23 to 26. Let's read that, please. Second Timothy chapter two, versus 23 to 26, I request somebody to read it for us. Yeah. But foolish and unblunt questions avoid knowing that they do gender strikes. And the servant of the Lord must not strive, but be gentle unto all men, apt to teach patient in meekness, instructing those that oppose themselves, if God per adventure will give them repentance to the acknowledging of the truth, and that they may recover themselves out of the snare of the devil, who are taken captive by him at his will. So, you know, I would like to present this passage of scripture as, you know, something to guide us as we engage with people. And Paul is teaching us, he says, you know, verse 23, avoid, let's don't get into this. Avoid foolish and ignorant disputes, because they are only creates strife. So sometimes people come to argue, they want to get into disputes, debates, arguments, and they are speaking out of foolishness or out of ignorance. And their intent is debate, argument. And Paul says, don't get into that, because it's only going to create strife. It's only going to, you know, affect your relationship, strife. So when you see people, if people come with genuine questions, yes, we want to answer. But if people come with the intent to argue and debate, and they're just being foolish and ignorant, not willing to think and ask questions, you know, reason, Paul says, don't get into it. Right. And then he says, verse 24, a servant of the Lord. So this is how you and I must conduct ourselves. Faster. My hand can not be raised. I don't know what has happened to my laptop, but I had something to inquire about the people who talk to Muslims. Maybe we are going to learn it later. But at this point, I'm looking at that verse 23, that avoided those debates about those who debate with Muslims, about those who debate with Muslims and the dark Christians, and they want to tell them about Jesus. This is my personal opinion, right? And there used to be a time when these televised debates or something put on YouTube between a Christian scholar and a Muslim scholar. We really have to ask, has anything good come out of that? I don't think so. Because people just go back and forth, argue, becomes very heated. Whereas on the other hand, when you're speaking to somebody one-on-one, a Muslim who wants to learn about Jesus and you share with them his heart is open, then they come to faith. You know, so the arguments and debates really don't produce too much good. But whereas, when you are speaking to one-on-one and people are touched, they open up. Just this morning or yesterday, my wife, Amy, is a doctor. She works in the hospital and she told me, I think it was last evening, she was sharing with me that a Muslim man came to the outpatient department, he came to the hospital, and then he asked her, are you a Christian? Now, she works in a mission hospital, but the mission hospital employs everybody, not just Christians. So he asked my wife, he said, are you a Christian? So she said yes. And then the Muslim man said, can you pray for me? Can you pray to Jesus for me? And so my wife prayed. So there's just an example where the Muslim man, I don't know his history, I don't know his story, but he's come to a place where he's open to Jesus. But it was not a debate, it was not an argument, something. We don't know his story, we don't know how God brought him to that place, but he's open to Jesus. So the point I want to make is, you know, the arguments and debates really don't produce much good, whereas there are other ways when we communicate that would impact Muslim people, and we should, you know, take that approach. Is that okay, Charles? It's okay, thank you very much Pastor. So verse 24, it says, and a servant of the Lord us not quarrel, but be gentle to all able to teach patient. And notice he says, you know, don't get into arguments, don't quarrel with people, but be gentle, be patient, and be willing to teach, explain to whom, to all, to all people. That means believers, non-believers, everyone. Then he says in verse 25, now we get specific in verse 25, in humility, that was very humble heart, correct those who are in opposition. I mean these people are hostile, they are opposing the truth, but in humility, you are presenting the truth to them, you're correcting them, it's you presenting the truth to them. And then he says, maybe God will grant them repentance, that is, God will bring them to this place where they can change their heart and mind, so that they may know the truth, and notice verse 26, and that they may come to their senses and escape the snare of the devil, having been taken captive by him to do his work. So Paul is saying, look, there's a spiritual side to all of this, what is that? There's a snare of the devil, he's taken them captive, so they are in opposition, but actually behind that, there's spiritual influence, what must we do? We are gentle, we present the truth with humility, and we don't quarrel, we don't get into disputes, no arguments, don't get into strife, but just say, God, I will present the truth, and God, you bring them to a place of repentance, so when they repent, they get out of the trap of the devil. So I just want to leave us here, and our time is almost up, with this thought that while we are going to give answers to these questions, starting with the existence of God and so on, we're going to give logical answers, sometimes from a philosophical, sometimes from a scientific, sometimes from a theological perspective, and we're also going to depend on the demonstration of the gospel. We do it all in gentleness, in humility, don't get into quarrels, disputes, strife, and God will cause the hearts to change so that they can come out of the snare of the devil, understand the spiritual side, we deal with the spiritual side, ultimately the goal is to see people come to faith in Christ. Okay? All right, we're going to stop here today, our time is almost up, we'll pick this up next week, we'll go forward to chapter one on the existence of God. I would invite somebody to please close in prayer, if you have any questions, we will pick it up next week and discuss. Can somebody please close in prayer so that and dismiss us? Well, Father, we thank You, Lord, for granting us grace this morning to learn from You, to learn the whole counsel of the world, Father, so that we may teach You to all this. Yes, Lord, help us, Lord, Paul said that I have art shunned to preach You the whole counsel of the Lord. Thank You, Lord, for this forum given to us, to learn the whole counsel, even the difficult passages, to give a defense for the gospel, so that we may share the gospel and present the gospel effectively in His Word. Lord, we, whatever you have learned, Lord, let it remain in us, let it bear fruit in us, let it bear fruit for evoking them, bless the positive, use it, Lord, mightily, for your good, in Jesus' name. Amen. Amen. Thank you, everyone. Please take a break. I'll see you again in 10 minutes. Amen. In the other class. Thank you. Amen. Thank you, Pastor. God bless each one of you. God bless you. God bless you, each one. Thank you, Pastor. Thank you. Thank you, everyone. God bless. Thank you, Pastor. Thank you. Praise the Abishak, Abraham, Charles, Alice, Pula, Hope, Prabhakar, Kennedy, Manohar, Melanie, Harrison, Pratik, Rose, Rupa, Samuel, Simran, God bless you all. See you again soon. Bye.