 Dear students, I welcome you in the course of leadership, emotional intelligence and decision making. This is module number 34 and we are going to talk about attention and working memory and perceiving reality beyond one's blind spots. When we talk about blinders or blind spots, we are careful about one phenomena that sometimes we are not aware wholly about the reality. And when we talk about reality, remember one thing that reality is what you perceive it to be and what you perceive may not be the reality itself. So, in our thought, in our understanding of philosophy, the things that come to us, they are the meaning of reality for us and sometimes many things that do not exist in our minds we cannot even know. As we always come up with a quotation that eyes cannot see what the mind does not know. So, perception is important to understand what reality is actually going to mean for us. We are talking about attention and working memory. When we talk about attention and working memory, remember that we have to come across emotional regulation and when we use this term emotional regulation, it means that in different situations you will tackle yourself, you will control your emotions and sometimes we have to go through the phenomena of emotional labour. Along with this, sometimes we demand emotional regulation to overcome the automaticity. And emotional regulation is also a part of your emotional intelligence. The second important thing is cognitive control. We can keep our thoughts in boundaries, we can understand our beliefs and our value systems and we can know how we have to behave on a conscious level in what situation. So, that is basically part of your mindfulness training that you have to come across emotional regulation and cognitive control to boost your thinking process to understand how we should react in what situation. Now, when we discuss the topic of perceiving reality, remember one thing that we only know what we know. We cannot go beyond our knowing and beyond our knowing is usually the blind spots. And the blind spots are the restrictions, conditions and constraints for us. And we cannot go beyond the limits of what we have to be able to understand. So, just like, as you know, in communication, we come across encoding and decoding. We have to see what is the actual meaning, how that meaning is encoded into words, how those words or expressions are transferred through the medium and how that medium is decoded. After the decoding, we have to see another important phenomena, because we have to see what perceptions are actually created by that decoding. Because in the decoded form, when a message comes in the mind of the next person, the reality, the meaning of that message is the same particular factor that he perceived. So, we have to be very much careful in our interaction, in our decision making with others. And this is particularly important when we talk about leader-follower relationship. The second important factor we have to understand is what kind of changes are happening in the environment. And the changes that are happening in the environment sometimes tell us to change our course of action. And sometimes to cope up with those environmental factors and environmental situations and challenges, we have to come across emotional control and we have to come across emotional intelligence. Another important thing is that whenever we make a decision and deal with someone, our internal biases can always come into play. There would be certain heuristics we all must be having. Those heuristics are actually the judgmental shortcuts. And those judgmental shortcuts distort our reality. We get biased, our prejudiced attitude develops, and when we get biased and our prejudiced attitude develops, then obviously our decision making will get polluted. And our creativity and innovation can also be compromised. So, we have to remain mindful all the time. Another important thing is that to keep ourselves mindful, we may have to go through mindfulness training. In that mindfulness training, we will come across meditation, we will come across different technical training sessions in which we will be able to know how to keep ourselves more conscious and be able to understand this. If we conclude all these things, then remember that whenever we have to talk about different mindfulness phenomena, then we will have to focus on our emotional intelligence and our cognitive control that must be trained so that it remains within its boundaries and it remains within its control for us. Thank you.