 Ydy chi yw eu cyd ond, y byddoch yn gan Мration 1.5.454ettilion yn g sontilwyr Graham Simpson yn gyflym o adur datblygu i y young人. Mae'n mosteik mwyu cycn meatballs yr algau. Er zedw i chi uwch iawn i'w cy docennylu thru tyfn hétбыig yn cael fanff functionalityiaeth. Gymru Hoekhul i Grymal Ym Gwre소 Dys savedibel Gwreosu mewn ddeigau y drefn cylv Linux ac fr Stuart mewn bowdwi ar wych yn cy nuite. Rwy'n cael eu cyfrifiad na bwyng waraith tyfn, Ie, the title of the report, which has been co-produced by Age Scotland and the University of Stirling. Can I thank members across the chamber who signed the motion in my name? Particularly my good friends Monica Lennon and Andy Wightman, who is otherwise engaged. And Kenny Gibson, whose seniority gives him a special interest in the subject. Rydw i'n mynd i'r ddweud y mydd i gael i'r rhan o'r cyllidau a'r rhan o'r cyflogau ac yn ymddangos cyflogau o'r cyflogau, rwy'n gael i'r ymddangos cyflogau o'r cyflogau. Rwy'n gael i'r ymddangos cyflogau o'r cyflogau. Dwi'n gael i'r ymddangos cyflogau 75 ac oedd yn cymdeithasig i ddweud 27 per cent o'r ddechrau 10 oedd, a oedd o'r ddweud 79 per cent o'r ddechrau 25 oedd. Mae'r rhai dyn o'r dweud yn gwleidio'r drefnol, a'is i gael i'r bod oedlai i gael i'r newid neu'r ddefnyddio i'r wrthun i gyframeu, i'r dweud i'r gjwp j juicylion i gyd yn ei lefliudd, i'r bod position o'r ddiemlaen fydd yn bwyllедин o'r dweud, ac iherwydd o'r dweud o'r dweud ar y cynnwys sydd sgwrdd gael, rwy'n oeddiadau ddefnyddio, oherwydd o'r dweud y dweud, a'r dweud o'r dweud. ac mae'r bwysig iawn. Rwy'n meddwl i'r rhoda arferol, ac rwy'n meddwl i'r bwysig iawn. Three key areas or themes where improvements are needed emerge in the age Scotland research. These were integration, communication and community, all of which are intrinsically linked. First, integration, a lack of integration between councils, health and social care providers, service users and everyone in between leads to confusion, poor management, ineffective strategies and systems and ultimately an inferior housing situation for older people. There are a number of areas that still require to be addressed and improved. The best way of finding out what older people need and want is of course to ask them and we need to recognise that everyone's needs are different. This becomes more apparent as people age and are more likely to become frail vulnerable, disabled or develop long-term health conditions such as dementia. As the home is where people spend most of their time, a holistic person-centred approach that allows health and social care to work more seamlessly within the housing sector and older people in their homes is crucial. That is why I was pleased to see another research project, Housing and Aging, linking strategy to future delivery for Scotland, Wales and England 2030 presented at the Scottish Futures Forum last week. The conclusion of that piece of work was to place housing at the heart of service integration. Housing provision and support for older people is beginning to become integrated with health and care support needs but it is a confused picture. Within social housing provision issues remain such as the lack of wardens, within sheltered housing, the lack of choice in smaller rural areas and the lack of targets for age-friendly properties in planned new developments. Early intervention and the development of preventative measures such as adaptations and energy efficiency measures remains key to all of this. Second, community is imperative to consider not just the buildings themselves but also the external environment that the homes are in, the surrounding community, support networks, nearby amenities, transport links and everything else that makes people feel part of a community when they are not at home. New builds and age-friendly design, downsizing, public transport, accessibility and the urban rural divide are all issues that older people are concerned about. I want to turn to the positive contribution that is made by care and repair services. While care and repair services are largely looked on favourably because of the tasks that they are able to assist with, there is another less obvious benefit to having a handy person attend someone's home and that is the social connection. The availability of care and repair and handy person services should be consistent across councils and there should be no postcode lottery. However, there is. It is a game of chance. Last year we lost care and repair in Inverclyde, West Lothian and North Ayrshire. The previous year we lost South Ayrshire. It looks as though the service in Angus is under threat. Care and repair Scotland told me this week that the formation of IJBs has not made our lives any easier. The act transferred funding for owner-occupiers and disabled adaptations to the IJBs. However, there is still a great deal of confusion about roles and responsibilities. Thirdly, communication. Many older people cited a lack of knowledge about where to turn to or who to ask as a reason why they haven't sought advice in areas of their lives and homes that they needed help with. On to the recommendations. If I can turn briefly to three of the six recommendations contained in the report. The first, the planning process should be reviewed to ensure an adequate supply of different types of housing across all tenures. There's a planning bill going through Parliament so we can do this. The second, people should have greater clarity about how to access the range of support and information services available. The third area is adaptations. Those were highlighted as one of the main areas that supported people living at home for longer. In 2018-19, housing associations outlined the need for £16.9 million of funding to provide adaptations. The amount available was about £10 million. That figure has not increased in the past six years. It's something the local government and communities committee has repeatedly highlighted. We need action. It's a timely piece of research given the challenges that we face as a society. It supports the growing evidence base of what older people need and want. It captures examples of good practice and innovation and it reminds us of what actually works, but it must not gather dust and perhaps that debate will help to ensure that it doesn't. We move to the open debate, and I call Kenneth Gibson to be followed by Jeremy Balfour. Thank you, Presiding Officer. I'd like to congratulate Graham Simpson MSP on securing today's debate, allowing us to discuss Age Scotland and my alma mater, the University of Stirling's important report, housing through the lens of aging, integration, communication and community. It's more important than ever for Scotland to be a good place in which to grow old. According to national records of Scotland, around 20 per cent of our population is aged 65 or over. In my north-easer constituency of Cunningham North, that percentage is even higher. The Scottish Government has already improved the quality of life for older people in Scotland with its most recent strategy on housing for older people, the Self-Directed Support Act 2013, provision of free bus travel for over 60s and free personal and nursing care. However, we must go further to support older people to live independently and safely in their own homes for as long as possible. That's why I welcome Age Scotland's excellent contribution to achieving the six key policies that are identified in the Scottish Government's age home and community strategy for housing for Scotland's older people. Age Scotland's report provides insight into how to improve delivery of strategic planning, information and advice, adaptations housing with care, preventative support and new housing. With over 75 years of experience in supporting older people, Age Scotland is perfectly placed to constructively advance the debate around the role of housing and improve quality for people in later life. The report also features a case study on the development of lifetime homes in North Ayrshire, a priority for North Ayrshire Council. The scale of the new build programme is ambitious for a local authority of its size, with plans under way to build 1,732 new high quality affordable homes by 2023, by £102.218 million from the Scottish Government. Given North Ayrshire's rapidly ageing population, it is increasingly important that new homes are suited to the needs of older people and, indeed, a quarter are. Half of the specialist accommodation will allow the council to provide homes for those most vulnerable and in need of support. Examples of the lifetime homes approach include Baya Gardens in Millport, with 12 bungalows built around an attractive and accessible shared outdoor space. 11 homes have been constructed to immunity housing standard, while retaining the flexibility to be adapted further for those with more significant disabilities. The 12th is fully wheelchair accessible. Faced through this development next year, we will see a further 10 immunity homes and five wheelchair user homes built. The project will be an example for energy-efficient, accessible older people's housing, setting a benchmark to inform future older people's housing. Only this afternoon, I attended the official opening and bead of a refurbished Dixon court, where 22 older households live independently in shelter accommodation, falling an investment of £2.2 million, including £1.2 million from the Scottish Government. Given his advancing years, Graham Mathusola Simpson has already put his name down on the waiting list. Another exemplary North Ayrshire project is the dementia demonstrator property at Montgomery Court, Calburni, which I visited. Of the 90,000 people in Scotland dementia, 2,571 live in North Ayrshire, and Age Scotland emphasises the importance of dementia-friendly housing. The dementia demonstrator features specials design such as contrasting objects, walls and floors to make them easier to see, floor coverings with large patterns to avoid unsettling shiny surfaces, clear signage position below isle level to indicate the purpose of the room, and extra lights to create brighter spaces. The outdoor space is designed to be attractive and peaceful and pass a level and easy to navigate. Those small adjustments are easily applicable to traditional or existing homes and make a difference to people living with dementia. In exploring North Ayrshire as a case study, Age Scotland suggests taking forward the principle of waiting new build towards older people and dementia-friendly design. Reducing fuel poverty is another housing element that we must prioritise going forward, and I am sure that it will welcome the fuel poverty bill, which I, Mr Simpson and other local government committee members have worked on to ensure that it meets the needs of Scotland's most vulnerable groups and communities. The report on the bill will be published at midnight today. I am confident that Age Scotland's excellent report will feed into the Scottish Government strategy through the Age Home and Community Monitoring and Advisor group, of which Age Scotland is a member. With the approach to understanding and analysing the needs of older people, I believe that we can achieve our aim of supporting all older people in Scotland to live safe, healthy and independent lives at home for as long as possible. Before we go further, can I ask a warning to Mr Simpson and Mr Gibson in that I am older than both of them? Please be very, very careful what else you say. Jeremy Palford followed by Pauline McNeill. Can I thank the older members of the chamber for allowing a young gun into the debate at this stage? That is an important debate. It is helpful that it follows on from the debate that we just had earlier about isolation and older people, because often isolation and housing can be linked. As my colleague Graham Simpson has pointed out, we live in an agent population. Here in Edinburgh, 20 per cent of the population is now 65 per cent, plus. However, as with often in government, whether it is national government or local authorities, there is often still a concept that we look in silos rather than looking across broadly. In my experience as a former councillor, housing was often left out of the debate around health and social care services. It was something that was left to a different department or a different team. However, I think that we need to have a policy about agent that puts people who are older in the right place, with the right networks and the right environment. That is why I welcome very much the joint report by Stirling University and Age Scotland. If the housing is not in the right place, with the right transport links and accessibility, the housing is simply not a home. There is a difference between a house and a home. A house is bricks and mortar. A home is somewhere that we feel comfortable, safe and secure. We should all be striving to make sure that older people have that home. I welcome the moves by the local government committee, perhaps with some amendments around the planning bill that is going through at the moment, which has looked at what we are going to do in the future for older people. Those amendments, although we may need tidying up and some clarification, are showing where the Parliament wants to go and setting the scene for development in years to come. Too often, housing or homes are simply an afterthought for older people or simply somewhere that can be put in. I hope that local authorities, as they go forward with planning, wherever the amendments are by the end of the time, the bill comes through Parliament. Do take that seriously. As people get older, they need adaptations done to their house. I think that there is a challenge again for local authorities around that area. Often, bed blocking is taking place because for older people to go back to their house, we need those adaptations done, and often they are waiting months for it to take place. I think that that is where the third sector can work together with local authority and with government in giving those services quicker. I am sure that most of us are aware of Cale and Repair Scotland, where it is not only offered advice but assistance in regard to putting in appropriate adaptations to a house. Sometimes, those adaptations are very small, but without them, the person cannot get back into their house. I hope that both national and local government will support Cale and Repair Scotland and many of the other organisations that work across Scotland to do those repairs. That report is helpful, but I think that Graham Simpson is absolutely right. If the report simply sits on a shelf for the next few years and gathers dust, it will have failed. The challenge for us, both in government and out of government, is to take that forward and make real differences for older people. Pauline McNeill, followed by John Scott. Sincere thanks, first of all, to Graham Simpson for bringing forward what is a substantial policy debate, one that I hope in time will have a full parliamentary discussion on, but also thanks to Andy Wightman, who chaired a packed-out cross-party group on housing, where we discussed the issue of ageing. We have heard from Graham Simpson and other members that the number of people aged 75 and over is set to increase by a staggering 85 per cent in the next 20 years' time. That is a big number. There are big numbers in this debate, and that tells us that it has huge implications for the design of our housing and social policy. We must ensure that people are able to live safely and independently in homes designed for an ageing population for the needs of that individual, including the support service that they need to live. I want to talk for a minute about renting into retirement, because this is an area of ageing that scared me when I read it. The number of people renting into retirement is on the rise, so one in eight retirees will be renting by the year 2032. It is a significant extra cost, and an increasing number of retirees will have to find whilst not working and on a low income. The term generation rent is often applied to young people, but increasingly it has become inapplicable to pensioners. If they are taken into account, they need to pay rent into retirement when they plan for their life after work. We must encourage people to recognise and understand the financial implications of renting into retirement, and we must take action now. More than a quarter of renters are under the age of 45, and that group does not see themselves ever being able to be in a position to buy a property. For those who have to rent into retirement, the estimates are that 42 per cent of their retirement income will be spent on their rent. The average renter will need to save something like £525 a month on top of their pension contributions to afford that. You can see that this is going to be a huge problem for many people. That is if you consider that the recent benefit changes and universal credit will make this even harder for some people, particularly those who retirees who have a younger partner. Those aged 65 living in a couple can claim pension credit regardless of their age, but from 15 May, those couples will only be able to begin to claim if both partners are over the age of 65. They have substantial costs for those couples, which are estimated to be about £7,000 a year. We need a lot of change here, and we need to change the housing market as well to ensure that it better suits older renters. Homes for Scotland point out that new-build homes, including those for private sale, must meet a wide range of accessible requirements such as adaptations that Jeremy Balfour talked about, such as barrier-free access to homes and stairs. I think that we are on a long way from the planning system to ensuring that that happens, as we are going forward in terms of the number of houses. Ms McNeill, for a given way. A lot of what she is describing is not so much the planning system but the building standard system. She can be assured that we will look at all that, but does she recognise that a huge amount of effort on the part of Parliament committees and the Government itself has been on dealing with post-Brexit scenarios, because we could not be complacent about building standards in that front? Pauline McNeill I recognise that the Government is not at all complacent about building standards, and what I really like to get across in this debate is that we need to go a lot further to make sure that, if we are serious about adaptations and people living independently, we are going to have to be a bit more radical to make sure that that happens. According to Homes for Scotland, almost three quarters of the stock built before 1982 does not have the features that we are talking about here. We have heard a lot of talk about downsizing. I believe that the correct term now is rightsizing. I want to learn that today. That is to make it easier for older people to move into smaller homes, so we need to be able to plan for that—a high range of high-quality options for older people. I had the opportunity to visit Fife last year to look at the quality of their sheltered accommodation, and it genuinely surprised me. What it shows is that the quality of social housing in this sector is possible to build sheltered accommodation, which is highly desirable, and that has to be the standard across the country. I was very grateful to the local government committee for supporting my amendments for local authority to have a card in their development plans to dementia-friendly homes and those who need access for disabilities. I certainly wish that, from the inclusion of Scotland, Scotland's next generation of homes will be without adequate floor space for many disabled people being unable to buy or rent sufficiently accessible homes can leave people disabled and trapped. I think that, in conclusion, there is a lot to be done in this Parliament. I think that there is a lot that we can agree on, but I do think that I hope that we can agree that we need to think that for the next 20 years to deal with the ageing population, we need to be a little bit more radical. John Scott, followed by Lewis Macdonald. Thank you, Deputy Presiding Officer. I am pleased to speak in this time of debate on housing and ageing, and I congratulate Graham Simpson on securing this debate today. The recent research carried out by Age Scotland and the University of Stirling shows that fuel poverty and energy efficiency were key areas of anxiety and worry for older people. I therefore wish to focus my remarks on domestic energy efficiency measures and the positive link that those can have on improving the health and wellbeing of the people receiving them, as well as helping to tackle one of the key drivers of fuel poverty. One of the key features of the report is the attempt to capture good practice and innovation across Scotland in order to demonstrate what works. I was therefore delighted to learn that the ground-breaking work that is taking place in Ayrshire and further afield, involving the energy agency and NHS Ayrshire and Arn, is to be showcased in the report when it is published and is already mentioned by Kenny Gibson. The report, carried out by the energy agency in partnership with NHS Ayrshire and Arn, is conducting an evaluation project to investigate the potential benefits of solid wall insulation. The study commenced in 2014 and has now become an on-going monitoring and evaluation project, involving more than 350 households to date across South Ayrshire, East Ayrshire and Dumfries and Galloway and has enabled an analysis of the impact of the council-led local area-based insulation projects to be undertaken. What the report shows is that the energy efficiency measures that are carried out can have a positive impact on health. Those include improving housing conditions, increased indoor warmth and comfort and reduced fuel bills. Health questionnaires issued before and after the insulation works have indicated improvement in both physical and mental health for those who also perceive their homes to be much warmer following the insulation works. There have also been anecdotal reports of improvements to existing health conditions such as COPD and asthma and reports of improved mood following insulation. The findings so far have been impressive whether it is in relation to the condition of the property, fuel costs or thermal comfort. Turning now to property conditions, over 9 in 10, indeed 94 per cent of respondents agreed that the overall condition of their homes had been improved by the insulation work. In relation to fuel costs, respondents reported average fuel bill savings of around £250 per year, equivalent to 23 per cent of their fuel costs. The fuel poverty rate fell and the number of properties with a below average energy efficiency rating decreased from 49 per cent to 21 per cent. With regard to thermal comfort, 88 per cent of respondents agreed that their homes were able to retain the heat more efficiently. Over 7 in 10 of respondents, indeed 78 per cent reported the overall temperature increased following the insulation work. The study is also examining longer-term health trends in postcodes where wall insulation upgrades have taken place. Clinical data such as hospital admissions are now being investigated in order to compare areas that have received the measures with a control group of similar postcodes that have not yet participated in the scheme. This Age Scotland report is a serious and robust piece of work. It is exactly the type of evidence that we need to inform the development of policy in that area. The project has highlighted the benefits of including a public health perspective in the evaluation of domestic energy efficiency improvements by capturing the actual real-life experiences of the occupants. That is something that we should all welcome. I thank Age Scotland for highlighting it in the report. In the last of the open debate, contributions are from Lewis MacDonald. Thank you very much. I too congratulate Graham Simpson on bringing forward today's debate. We indeed need to adjust our focus to look again at housing policies and priorities in the context of a growing older population. Much of our existing housing stock in both public and private sectors has been built with young people and families in mind, but we know that future demand for older people's housing will only go up. Existing models, such as sheltered and very sheltered housing, as we have heard, remain valuable, but new models will also be required in the age of health and social care integration. I want to focus my lens in this debate on one particular new model, which has been developed in my home city—indeed, the minister's home city—of Aberdeen and which has been showcased by Age Scotland and the University of Stirling in the report that we are debating today. When I took on the role of convener of the Health and Sport Committee a year ago, I soon discovered that the integration of NHS provision and local authority social care was moving at very different speeds in different parts of the country. I had ministerial responsibility for that process of integration between 2005 and 2007, but despite continuing commitment to it from successive Governments, there is clearly still some way to go. I also discovered last year how far Aberdeen City health and social care partnership was held up as an exemplar for others to follow, and it is good to be able to highlight a specific aspect of that in this debate. Delayed discharge can happen for a variety of reasons, but the most common is that there is no suitable accommodation or care package available that would allow a person no longer in need of continuous health care to leave hospital. Aberdeen City Council has converted what was sheltered housing at Clashynow in Bridgeton to provide interim housing and support for people who are either due to leave hospital or struggling to cope in the community. Clashynow has 19 interim housing units catering for adults over the age of 18. While many of the residents are older people, this is also one of the few services that already support people with complex social care needs who are under 65 years of age. Intermediate care and support are provided on-site by the council's social care provider Bonacord Care. Residents are unable to learn or relearn skills necessary for daily living from cooking and cleaning to independent mobility and medication. Key to the success of Clashynow is mutual trust among housing, social work and NHS staff, with effective partnerships among Aberdeen City Council, Bonacord Care and the Health and Social Care Partnership. Another partner is the disabled person's housing service, a local charity based in Aberdeen, while the delayed discharge housing liaison group, the housing needs assessment team and the adapting for change project group have all played important roles. Aberdeen City Council has also launched interim housing for people with low-level support needs in both cove and Maastricht in the city, recognising that future provision must span a broad spectrum of needs, abilities and disabilities. Intermediate care and support of course cost money, but they cost a good deal less than delayed discharge does. Initial findings from the Aberdeen project suggest that interim care costs are something like half the cost of a hospital stay. Delayed discharge is a challenge not just for the NHS, but also for housing and social services. I commend the good example of Aberdeen. A person-centred approach, open lines of communication and regular meetings of all concerned are key to success, and a health and social care partnership, with the vision to know what needs to be done and the clout to get on and do it. Kevin Stewart has responded to the debate for around seven minutes. Thank you very much, Presiding Officer. I am not going to mention age today at all in terms of any members. I think that that would be the wrong thing to do, and I certainly do not want to face your wrath. I am very surprised that you are older than Mr Simpson and Mr Gibson. I would like to thank Mr Simpson for highlighting the important issue. There is a wee bit of confusion here, because Mr Gibson was talking about the fuel poverty report that was published at midnight last night. Through the lens of ageing report, the report has not yet been published in full by Stirling University. I will be most interested to see exactly all that and what that encompasses. I am aware that it recognises many of the issues that are identified in our refreshed age home and community strategy. The Scottish Government's vision is for older people to enjoy full and positive lives in homes that meet their needs. The three principles that we think will help to achieve that vision are the right advice, the right home and the right support. It is reassuring that the data that is gathered and analysed by the University of Stirling validates the importance of appropriate housing advice and support for Scotland's older people. As many of you know, Age Scotland is one of our key partners. Indeed, it was Age Scotland's offices in August that I launched our refreshed older people's housing strategy, Age Home and Community, the next phase. During my visit, I took the opportunity to visit Age Scotland's call centre to hear first-hand the requests for help from older people and their families. Issues with housing, health and heating come up on a daily basis. I am pleased to say that the Government has always prioritised tackling fuel poverty and offering assistance to vulnerable households struggling to heat their home. I would make my usual appeal to members at this point and suggest that, if they know of any constituents who have any difficulties, for them to get in touch with the Home Energy Scotland advice line, the award-winning Home Energy Scotland advice line does an immense amount to help to refer people to the right agencies to get things right, including the energy agency that Mr Scott mentioned in his speech. Last May, I was invited to speak at a University of Stirling-led event, along with Rebecca Evans, the then Welsh Minister for Housing. The resulting report, Housing and Aging, Linking Strategy to Future Delivery, confirmed what we all know, that there is still work to be done to address housing and ageing, not just in Scotland but elsewhere in the UK too and right across Europe. Here in Scotland, we have worked with COSLA and other partners in health, housing and third sectors to review our original age home community strategy to better reflect the changing needs of older people. As well as building on existing actions, the refreshed strategy seeks to address the issues of isolation that older people can face and improving access to suitable housing. It was interesting to hear from members today highlighting current good practice. Many of the topics that are raised today have actions within the refreshed strategy. For example, the importance of local care and repair services. I agree with members who have highlighted care and repair services here today, and it is disappointing that some local authorities have called back in the delivery of care and repair. I note that Mr Simpson said that we should try to create uniformity right across the country, but there is that balance to be struck, because Government itself is often accused of centralising. I would hope that local authorities would see the benefits of care and repair services and continue to fund them. In the long run, funding those services will save them money as well as stopping some of the human costs that there are if those services are withdrawn. Has any analysis been done of the savings that can be produced by having services such as care and repair and a fully funded adaptation service? Kevin Stewart. Off the top of my head, I do not have an answer to Mr Simpson's question about particular analysis that has been done, but I do not have particular answers. I would say that from my own experience and from talking to OTs, occupational therapists in Aberdeen and a constituency basis just the other week, you can see quite clearly that spending on adaptations and improving quality of life can have a saving to councils, to integrated joint boards, to health service and so on. Installing handrails, ramps and adapting bathrooms can prevent accidents and stop those unscheduled hospital visits. I will give way to Mr Scott. John Scott. I thank the minister for giving way. Would the minister agree with me that, although not much has been made of the link between fuel poverty and mental health issues in the debate today, this is an area where more research is needed and which could potentially bring relief to the growing mental health issues across Scotland? That has not really been touched on in the debate today, and it is an issue that we look at very closely. That is why tackling fuel poverty is a priority for the Government and why we will be spending up to £1 billion to the end of this Parliament to get this right. What I would say is that what we also require is beyond the energy efficiency spend and educating folk here to use fuel and energy more wisely. We actually need the UK Government to use the powers that it is disposal in terms of energy pricing and on incomes to get this right for absolutely everyone. If Mr Scott wants to have further conversations with me about that, how we can work together and get the UK Government to play its bit as well, I would be more than happy to do so. If I could go back to caring repair, those are often a small repair service, which is very valued by older people. The trust that is built up and the social connection that is made is also a very valuable resource indeed. That is why we have included an action in the strategy on continued support for the service provided by care and repair to older home owners. It is important that local authorities fully consider the wider benefits of such a service. We will also continue to ask older people for their views and opinions to inform and monitor the next phase of the strategy. Mr MacDonald talked about sheltered and very sheltered housing in Aberdeen, and Mr Gibson gave very good examples of sheltered housing and dementia friendly housing in North Ayrshire. Those are all good things, but when you talk to people, that is not what everyone wants. I would like to go back to a woman who is funeral I attended just the other week. She stayed at home with some small adaptations, a woman who was very active until near the very end. I think that to allow the Mrs Corrall and others of the world to make that choice, to be able to live in their family home for as long as possible, is what we must try and achieve. It is okay for those folks who want sheltered housing. It is okay for those folks who want very sheltered housing. We can do all that, but we must also make sure that we provide for those folks who want to live independent lives in their own homes for as long as they possibly can. That is why we need to continue to listen to people, but beyond that, we need to get to a point where we are aligning all the services to make sure that that is possible. On our social housing programme, 91 per cent of that programme is houses that are being delivered with housing for varying need standards. That is important for the future, but many are not in those situations, and we must look at what we can do for them. I realise, Presiding Officer, that I have gone well over time. It is an issue that I can talk about forever and ever, to be honest with you. In conclusion, I would like to say that realising our vision for older people, whether in housing or other areas, requires continued effort from this Parliament and other stakeholders. We must ensure that older people are at the very centre of that effort and have the opportunity to share their concerns and aspirations for the future. That concludes the debate. The meeting is closed.