 Inflammatory bowel disease, IBD, is a chronic gut condition associated with significant morbidity and its etiology is unknown. Gut microbiota alteration, dysbiosis, is considered a novel factor in the pathogenesis of IBD. The gut microbiota acts as a metabolic organ and contributes to human health by performing various physiological functions. Deviation in the gut flora composition is involved in various disease pathologies, including IBD. Gut microbiota-based treatment approaches have shown good evidence of their effects in the amelioration of colitis and animal models, mice, and IBD patients. However, insufficient data and confusing results from previous studies have led to a failure to define a core microbiome associated with IBD and the hidden mechanism of pathogenesis. Well-designed randomized control trials and mouse models are required for further research. A better understanding of this ecosystem will determine the role of prebiotics and probiotics as therapeutic agents in the management of IBD. This article was authored by Isra Khan, Naim Ola, Leija Shah, and others. We are article.tv, links in the description below.