 This study has found that participation in sport of any form, team or individual, is beneficial for improving mental health and social outcomes amongst adults. Team sports, however, may provide more potent and additional benefits for mental and social outcomes across adulthood. Additionally, this review has provided preliminary evidence for the mental health through sport model, though further experimental and longitudinal evidence is needed to establish the mechanisms responsible for sports effect on mental health and moderators of intervention effects. Qualitative work is also required to gain a better understanding of the relationship between specific elements of the sporting environment and mental health and social outcomes in adult participants. This article was authored by Narelle Eater, Levi Wade or Ali Pankoviac, and others.