 Dear students, we are going to talk about the components of culture. When we say that our culture possesses different components, it means that we are trying to break it down into different pieces and try to understand that how our culture can be comprehensible by different scholars. So while understanding or while talking about the components of culture, we are going to talk about the social organization that means that the structured by organizing its members into smaller numbers to meet the culture-specific requirements and also the social classes ranked in order of importance like the role and status. Based on different cultures, core value systems, when we talk about the social organization, we will see how the organizational structure of the Pakistani society is, what are the mechanisms of hierarchy, what is the basis of the human being, how do the social classes have different roles or status-wise classifications, what role and status we consider more important than the status of the other role or status. And then we will also discuss about the certain core values that have some important values that define how people can be ranked. We will talk about those values. And then we will talk about customs and traditions, which is a very important component of culture, where rules of behavior are enforced by the cultural and cultural ideas of right and wrong. When we talk about right and wrong, then definitely we talk about morals and ethics. So we will see that our customs, our traditions, how do they justify some things for us, some things do not justify them, some things are right and some things are wrong. So these rules later on convert into written laws. So we will see that the derivative source of morality of the Pakistani society is its tradition, its customs, or there is some other aspect through which the different definitions of right and wrong are able to be of the right and wrong. And then we will see, we will talk about the symbols or the symbolism because the use of symbolism is very important within every culture that anything that carries a particular meaning which is recognized by people who share the same culture. So symbols, symbols can be seen in this way that for example, to portray Pakistan's nationalism, we reflect on it, we reflect on the Komi Tarana, so these things have a symbolic value or significance. Similarly, we will see that in the Pakistani society, what are the things that are symbolically much more valuable or symbolically less valuable as compared to other cultures. And then we will talk about the norms, definitely the rules and expectations and mores and folk ways and as well as we will talk about the language because when we talk about society as a whole, then there are many societies in which multiple languages are spoken and the Pakistani society is one of them. So we cannot talk about a single language here, we have multiple languages, we will see how region-wise languages are divided and what role languages play in the identity construction. And then we will talk about arts and literature, we will see different regional differences in how arts and literature play a role in reflecting a unique particular sub-cultural identity. That produced the products of human imagination made into art, music, literature, stories and dance and dramas. And then we will talk about the artefacts which are the distinctive material objects such as architecture, technological advancements and the different artistic creations like the portraits or the portrait as well. So we will see how different artefacts portray different cultures. And very important aspect of social institutions, we will talk about how different social institutions are culturally or contextually bounded by different cultures or the sub-cultures of Pakistani society. I will give you an interesting example of how different components of culture portray the culture as a whole. In France I was surrounded by a culture quite different from mine. It was evident in everything I saw and heard because when you see anything in society you see it from a particular case, a particular perspective which is your own perspective. And then I also found myself immersed in an unfamiliar non-material culture that is a group's way of thinking, its belief system, values and assumptions about the word and doing the common patterns of behavior which include language, gestures and other forms of interaction. And like for example when you see that in Pakistani society we have different religious belief systems as compared to the non-Pakistani society. Like for example for women it is mandatory to cover head and it is almost unacceptable to wear bikini in public in Pakistan which are the examples of our belief system as coming from the non-material culture. However, you can expect wearing of bikini in France, maybe in public as well. Like these are the differences of different cultural components within different cultural context.