 This video will discuss citing interviews in APA 7. APA separates interviews into three categories, personal interviews, published interviews, research participant interviews. Personal interviews are direct communication that informs how you discuss a topic in your assignment. This could be a voice conversation, an email, a classroom lecture, some text messages, or any other unpublished method that your readers would not be able to find and read. Personal communications are not included in your reference list and are only given an in-text citation. To cite a personal communication include the following information in parentheses. The first initial of the person you spoke with, a period, the last name of the person you spoke with, a comma, the words personal communication, another comma, the full date that you had the communication. Spell out the month and include the day if known and all four digits of the year. Include a comma between the day and year. Like other in-text citations, place this near the information you mentioned from the interview, such as at the end of the sentence where the information is included. If you include the person's name in the sentence, do not include it in the in-text citation. A published interview is an interview that is contained in another published source, such as a podcast, magazine article, newspaper article, or any other format. When using an interview of this type, you'll use both an in-text citation when appropriate and a full entry in your reference list. Follow the rules for citing any other source of that format. Depending on how and where the interview is published, your author might be the interviewer or it might be the interviewee, so check the rules for your format first. A research participant interview is one that is conducted as part of a larger qualitative study and is usually one of several interviews conducted with the same methodology for the same project. When this type of study is conducted, research participants usually sign agreements indicating how their information will be protected. Information from those interviews can be used in written work when it follows those agreements. A formal citation is not included. Those are the basic rules for citing interviews. For more detailed questions and examples of interview citations, visit our citation guide at belviewcollege.libguides.com or use the Ask a Librarian page in our website to learn more about getting in touch with the librarian.