 Alors chers téléspectateurs, téléspectateurs de la télévision Channel 17 Town Meeringue, nous voici à ces nouveaux numéros du mois des juins que nous vous saluons d'abord bonjour, bonjour à tous et bienvenue sur ces plateaux. Aujourd'hui, nous avons notre invité, je crois que ça c'est pour la deuxième fois, qui va nous parler d'un sujet très important, très pertinent, qui pourra vraiment nous aider dans la communauté pour que, pour que nous puissions vraiment prendre des mesures, des précautions. Comme vous le savez, bien notre émission, c'est « Africa and the show ». Alors c'est une émission qui aide aux immigrants à bien s'intégrer ici à Burlington, particulièrement aussi à Burlington mais en général aussi à Vermont, parce que nous avons beaucoup de nos fraises ici qui habitent, Winnowski, Williston, Essex, Colchester. Alors, notre thème d'aujourd'hui est intitulé « Le cannabis et puis lié au problème de santé ». Donc ici nous pouvons vraiment peut-être parler déjà en Lingala, c'est pour ça qu'il y a un docteur Catherine qui est présenté, il est à la Sige, il a mal à mouler l'eau. Si tu veux déjà une fois que je crois qu'il y en est passé, on va parler de ce que je veux. « Bangui » n'a pas promis à santé, il n'a pas d'eau que de consommer, il n'a pas de forme, il n'a pas d'eau que de côté, il n'a pas d'eau que d'eau, il n'a pas d'eau comme illégale à niveau à Vermont, il n'a pas d'eau comme un magasin, il n'a pas d'eau comme une pomme et une pomme. Il n'a pas d'eau comme une pomme et une pomme, il n'a pas d'eau comme une pomme et une pomme. Donc ici on a la « Bangui », c'est ici nous avons trop de problème pour la santé. On y a des banques en cas de la saison, on y a des banques en cas de la saison. LeotぞpOK, le docteur Catherine, c'est ce que je veux dire à la mausure. Il a pu faciliter les voilàings, l'eau qu'on peut謀 pou et il a fait un belang, je veux dire à la Bangui. Alors il y a des conséquences de mignes de mouilles, de quiches, surtout de bagènes. Là, si on a des giches à banques, il y a des magasins, des usas. Il y a des problèmes parce qu'il n'y a pas de permettre de mettre des giches à banques. Mais ça, si on a des formes à mignes, on peut nous présenter des bombons. Il y a des banques. Il y a des moubaïes. Il y a des moubaïes, des giches à banques. Il y a des moubaïs qui ne sont pas dans la famille et qui ne sont pas dans la famille et qui ne sont pas dans la famille. Il y a des moubaïs et des giches à banques. Il y a des moubaïs qui ne sont pas dans la famille. Il y a des moubaïs qui ne sont pas dans la famille. Aujourd'hui, je retourne encore en français. J'ai l'honneur de recevoir ce plateau de Dr. Katharine qui est dermatopatheologiste. Elle est certifiée en pathologie anatomique. patologie clinique et dermatopatologie et les cliniciens qui dianosicent aussi les problèmes des cancers de la peau dans un laboratoire indépendant et de dermatopatologie médicale. Alors elle est directrice pour ces postes là. Aujourd'hui il y a une spécificité donc elle va présenter en anglais et puis à la fin nous allons donner un message d'éducation. Un message avec la santé publique pour que nos patients aient édicé la population, promouvoir la santé de la population dans notre communauté auxquelles nous vivons. Alors Dr. Caten bonjour, hello, morning, how are you? I'm fine, thank you, thank you for having me, what an honor to be back on your show again today. So I have a lot of slides on this topic and I'm gonna go kind of quickly. I hope that's not gonna make people's heads spin. So we all have talked about in the past marijuana has a lot of side effects and many of these are proven and I'm gonna go through the evidence that marijuana is a component cause of psychosis, this evidence is becoming stronger and stronger and then we're gonna talk about some of this guide rails that health, safety rails that public health safety guidelines that the state of Vermont has put into law and how well those are working and what we can possibly do to make them work a little bit better. So this is to introduce the International Academy on Science and Impact of Cannabis. I am on the board of this organization and it's an organization of doctors educating on on marijuana or cannabis and basically we recognize that cannabis is potentially harmful and that policies and practices which enhance or increase the use of cannabis risk serious medical and social consequences and we just really want the public to have a clear idea of this so they can have informed decision making. We do have on our website isicthenumberone.org there's a library and you can look up peer review medical literature. It's translated into terminology that general public can can follow and it's a very informative and easy to use. I hope you will take a minute and have a look. So let's talk about cannabis and psychosis and schizophrenia. We know that cannabis is associated with with a number of side effects. This is the most maybe traumatic or or concerning because it can impact a young person for their entire life and that can impact a whole group of people so their whole family is then impacted. It can happen at the end of using high potency for a very long time. It can happen the first or second time that you use. So we're often asked what is the evidence that cannabis is actually a component cause of my son's or daughter's psychosis or schizophrenia. So when if we look back at tobacco we had in the beginning we didn't have there was suspicion that tobacco use was associated with cardiovascular disease and especially lung cancer. But we didn't know it to be true until the Bradford Hill analysis was was used to assess that risk. And basically why we do this is we can't take a group of kindergartners and divide them into two groups and give one cannabis and give the other nothing and watch 20 40 60 years later and find out which ones develop cancer and which ones don't. Same way we can't take a group of kindergartners of random randomly cohort control kindergartners. You know divide them evenly randomly into two groups and give one cannabis and see which if there's more likely to have psychosis schizophrenia cannabis hyperemesis syndrome addiction all the other things that were associated in those groups. So that's totally completely un ethical. So what we do instead is we look at the Bradford Hill causality. This is a something that's tried and tried and true when it when it became evident that cancer was caused by tobacco. We put labels on on cigarettes and our whole public health attitude towards tobacco change. This is a very powerful tool and criteria that we have used in the past and we're we are now applying it to cannabis and and psychosis. And I'm gonna just go through this very quickly but basically if you take some of the evidence this is some of the evidence there's a lot more. There are hundreds of articles out there that point to cannabis being a component cause of psychosis but nearly half of patients who present with cannabis and do psychosis will convert to full blood schizophrenia or psychosis. That's a staggering number. It's much higher than other drugs of abuse like methamphetamines. Cannabis exposure comes before the development of psychosis and schizophrenia. We have a number of articles that show that. Greater use of more potent products result in a higher incidence of psychosis. This is very important. It's becoming more and more evident. We have more and more articles coming out which show that. So the high potency product is very dangerous. High the active component in cannabis THC when given to randomize control. So if you take two people, two groups of people that you're getting you know off the street you control them for their family history of mental illness or or prostrate whatever you want to control you have equal two equal groups randomly put them into two groups and then give one THC and the other a placebo in the laboratory you can induce psychotic symptoms in the library. So it's a very powerful controlled prospective double blind study that also supports the that cannabis is component cause of psychosis schizophrenia. The majority of patients who develop psychosis and schizophrenia using cannabis have no family history of schizophrenia. So this idea that if you develop schizophrenia on cannabis it's your it's your family's fault it's your gene's fault it's something you know weird about you that's really not turning out to be true. Something in the cannabis itself that's going on here. Cannabis beats all of the drugs of abuse when leading schizophrenia even when compared to PCP meth or chronic alcoholism and in some 30 to 50% of fully half of the patients who present to their doctor with first episode psychosis actually have cannabis induced psychosis resulting from regular use of THC. This is true in some cities namely Amsterdam. So as the prevalence of high use of high potency THC goes up the the more people are presenting to the ERs with this cannabis induced psychosis and just to repeat in Amsterdam half of the people who are presenting with this very dangerous situation psychosis is a medical emergency would be well but for their cannabis use. So that's a huge burden to our healthcare system. And who's suffering the human suffering is is is huge both for the victims and for the families because cannabis use disorder and disorder and diseases which can result from its use especially like schizophrenia are so devastating and yet so difficult to treat using rehabs medication anti psychotics or psychotherapy we are compelled to work together internationally and nationally and locally at our own village you know level to engage our public health experts to employ data driven scientifically proven effective you know prevention models to prevent these cases of psychosis and schizophrenia once they develop they're very difficult to treat very expensive to treat so anti psychotic can be up to 25 000 dollars a year and people are often on that drug for you know decades and of course their life expectancy becomes much less like 20 years less than it would otherwise be in 1964 when physicians and scientists finally linked smoking to cancer there was public outcry as we all know and as a result doctors warning labels were required on the packaging and advertising was banned on broadcast media so we don't see you know advertising for tobacco on tv anymore and that's the result of this bradford hill criteria which showed that tobacco was causing cancer just like we're now seeing marijuana the use of cannabis marijuana is a component cause of psychosis and these other issues like cannabis hyperemesis syndrome suicidality you know harm to the baby driving problems etc and use disorder addiction so back in 2015 we did dean witlock and christine miller did a study and they looked at the prospective cost to to vermont if we legalized it so what how many more cases of psychosis and schizophrenia would we have if we if it becomes more used and more prevalent and the perception of harm goes down as we would had anticipated from other places and based on the increased use that was anticipated in something called the rand report it was estimated that taxpayers would have five to eleven million dollars in increased healthcare costs per year to treat just schizophrenia so not the cannabis hyperemesis syndrome not the addiction just the psychosis and schizophrenia that resulted we think that this is probably a gross underestimation because there's a lot more use disorder than we anticipated the use is higher and most importantly the potency of the product has gone much higher than what it was in 2015 and 16 it would be interesting to challenge the medical community in vermont to repeat that study analysis and see what is the cost of vermont today of psychosis and schizophrenia due to marijuana use in vermont how much are we paying for this for legal marijuana in vermont another study came out which reviewed the association of cannabis potency and mental illness and we and it came to the conclusion overall the evidence suggests the use of higher potency cannabis compared to lower potencies associated with increased risk of psychosis and the risk is higher when people use daily we also have a higher use when you use high potency cannabis a greater percentage of the population will have it develop a use disorder they'll become addicted and that of course is great for people who are selling marijuana if you have a use disorder you'll go to the store every day and buy more so that's a great business technique but in terms of our medical community and what we need to treat and the human suffering that's a problem in canada we have some information where when they're they did not allow marijuana in edibles in the beginning and and at some point they began to allow them in edibles and so you can see the line goes flat and then it shoots up when it's shot up our child the child poisonings in canada spiked so there's a link between having edibles and that's and and more kids being poisoned and you also have a link so if you look at the bottom there's a blue line which is kind of flat that line is quabac and in quabac they did not allow edibles and they also did not allow any thc over 20 30 percent so the thc cap which we have a cap of 60 percent is protective against poisoning and er visits so that's a that's great information that we have from canada also in canada we in the beginning they had a limited number of shops and then after a few years they allowed many shops so you see on the second half here the part in pink is the kids their poisoning rate went way up after the number of shops so more shops more poisonings um and uh there's there's this direct link and having this information again from canada which is very very important for us to pay attention to so you know in vermont when we legalize the legislators did pay attention to that and and they put some uh guardrails they put the the 30 percent and and 60 percent thc cap in our products every year the ccb has come back and tried to get rid of that and the lobbyists and the cannabis shops have tried to get rid of that but so far it's been in place and that's a protective as we know as the as the concentration of thc goes up the likelihood of having um schizophrenia and use disorder goes up so we've kept that in place that's good and here it's another statute part of the statute that was uh passed in vermont and that statute says neither the product nor the packaging can appeal to children to people under age 21 um so any any any product that sells thc that has a cartoon or has a a chocolate candy or anything that's aimed at children um is is illegal by statute in vermont so how has this worked out here's some lollipops that are for sale in these are thc lollipops that are for sale in vermont um we had a news report in january where nbc 5 reported that there was 1500% increase in child poisonings in northern new england and we're seeing that in vermont as well um the cannabis control board the head of the cannabis control board james pepper was quoted on that uh emission as saying you're not going to see thc skittles or snicker bars for instance but here are some of the things that you do see lollipops chocolate candies rainbow squares and maple candies you also have gummy bears and more chocolate candies so according to the statute these would be illegal but they're still being sold so there's sort of a disconnect between what's happening in the stores what james pepper is saying is going to be sold to vermonters and what vermonters are encountering and in fact we are seeing increased kids being admitted in the er and intubated in the icu why are people intubated because their airway is unstable someone is worried that they may not live or may not if you can't breathe you can't live um so these are not just minor um admissions to the er people don't usually bring their child to the er if they're not um pretty concerned about them um so this this has uh you know we passed a law and as a result of the passing of that law we're having kids poisoned in the er now this is the consensus of the medical community in vermont um medical the vermont medical society and we've also seen it in other communities in the in the united states adopt similar warnings but our warning was warning thc may cause psychosis impaired driving suicide attempt addiction uncontrolled vomiting harmed to nursing our fetus nursing baby or fetus and this can occur in individuals no previous history of psychosis or mental illness this is a 31 word warning label um it mirrors the point of sale flyer which is in colorado and in vermont colorados is is is similar has almost all of these on it vermont's point of sale flyer has all of these unfortunately the statute in vermont says when you buy something in a vermont store you get the point of sale flyer in your bag that's not happening so again we have a disconnect between what the statute was passed and what's actually happening um well we actually have in vermont this is the label that you'll see it's 141 words the type is point six and it's very point point six font size and as you can see it's very difficult sadly to read um and even some of this is the loud as well the cannabis control board has said this is okay apparently uh we have the nutritional uh information and then hidden behind that is the important poison control number and the um you know harm to babies and nursing and all the other uh warnings that the public should be seeing one we do know that prevention is possible if we you put in these guardrails you'll have better uh you know you'll have less er visits you'll have less people less children um poisoned and you'll have less addiction and we know that uh you know effective prevention begins by countering the prevailing misperception of big ninja minty and replacing that with a frank discussion and acknowledgement of accurate proven scientific facts and data about the harms which surround cannabis use and this talk uh was given in the past and it has been in the past dedicated to patty who's a vermont mother whose whose son had schizophrenia she cared for him for decades and was eventually ever come with anxiety and depression unrelenting depression and she succumbed by jumping into the frozen windowsky river december five years ago so the pain of the suffering that is associated with psychosis and the other ills of cannabis are not limited to the to the person who has schizophrenia but also their family suffers as well um so yeah warnings are necessary vermonters you know definitely deserve more this is the statue that we have in vermont which is not being followed and so i guess you know we just have a plea out there for for folks to you know demand that their their marijuana shop um uh follows the law and give everybody a point of sale flyer follows the law and not produce any candies that are um attractive to children and i'll just put those back up there see these are some of the things that we find in vermont that that are attractive to children that are being sold thank you so much uh dr catherine this is very very important so what is your public health key message to the community and i think it's twofold one you know know the law know that these are illegal these with thc and them would be illegal a gummy bear would be illegal and make sure that your legislator your cannabis control board uh james pepper your police go and enforce the law that that um anything that's attractive to children shouldn't be sold in vermont we it's unacceptable that our children are being poisoned by passing a law just a few years ago one even one child being in the intensive care having the horror of an intubation um is is unacceptable that child i mean we all know that intubation is results and can result in post traumatic stress disorder all kinds of problems i mean this is a major medical intervention um so so yeah let's let's enforce the law um and let's get some better warnings to get some warnings that actually we've reflect the the the the medical harms that we know exist like psychosis ok maintenant nous revenons en français pour clôtirer notre émission d'aujourd'hui comme vous venez de voir là bas c'est le cannabis et puis nous voyons si les les la forme des je peux dire des bonbons qui sont vendis mais dedans il y a les t h c qui vraiment et qui a des conséquences néfaste dans dans les corps humains alors la la consommation de tout ce que nous nous venons de parler ici les marijuana comme ici chez nous c'est maintenant légal il y a beaucoup de des magasins où les gens peuvent aller s'en approprier alors il y a des conséquences néfaste du point de vie la santé mentale entre autres ça peut ça peut causer la psychose et quand quelqu'un a la psychose beaucoup plus ça se manifeste par il y a la personne à la difficulté de se concentrer et la personne à l'immére de pressive et la personne à tendance de beaucoup dormir il est anxieux à tout moment puis les méfiant et il s'est rétile de la famille il est isolé de la famille il devient un peu un peu plus solitaire de la famille des amis il a aussi des délires souvent mais aussi aussi la chisophrénie qu'elle nous appelle on c'est interne vraiment et puis qui a trique aussi et qui est une maladie mentale qui a qui affecte tout de la façon dont vous pensez la manière dont vous sentez vous comportez et c'est là signifie que vous êtes vous n'êtes pas capable de contrôler votre vie et pour arriver à aider cette personne là ça demande beaucoup de moyens qui pourront vraiment entraîner beaucoup de problèmes sociaux et des équilibres familiales le bandico les lotos ébiqués en lingala les lotos ébiqués bas à lui côté que la biseaux bangui n'a pas magasin il faut il faut tout tirer attention pas ça qui va loin ok non bâtu bâtu que c'est procré n'a pas mais n'a pas forme il en a tout monique bas à lui côté qu'elle a bâtu sous forme à bas bonbon mais n'a qu'à tu en a et en a concentration t h t h c ou il est à livrement très nuisible pour n'a pas une sorte à moutou pour n'a pas la santé à moutou et à moutou et ou et qu'on peut entraîner moutou à développeur tout bien qu'il va piscose et n'a pas chisophrénie donc moutou à Zali a aussi contrôlé la vie de s'y retirer dans la société comme il est moco et qu'il peut entraîner par salle à mâquer un bébé les n'a qu'à te associer à ce volume à la moutée et on a mieux c'est la conséquence d'un niveau à famille c'est ce qui fait qu'il n'a pas l'eau on a au bavoute à qui on n'a pas tenu compte parce qu'er à l'au-bas qui dans les temps au monde n'a pas qu'au maca et sigaret est nuisible pour la santé et ça a vraiment clair mais n'a pas biloco et au bas pour n'a qu'il va loin il n'a pas fait attention à cela à l'eau bas à lui côté qu'il a bâto n'a pas formé à bas bonbon on peut beaucoup taper n'a pas chocolat pour y attirer bâto mais n'a qu'à tu en a produis en accat tu n'as livrement nuisible pour n'a senter à moutou à nous on nous a pensé tu n'auras qu'au mouche à émission et tout tu n'as pas mousse à m'emballer à bângue l'élo à pas bângue c'est tout moutaine c'est à l'aide comme un magasin à ousa alors il faut tu tirer attention tu fougues à qui tu fougues et mêcho parce qu'il comme à tâta ça n'a du il y a mouillé à bâto toi tu es à bas gêne comme tu connais comme à ma ma ma ma substance et moi qu'aucazia il est ma produit il est bângue souffre ma bombo il t'a tiré bâto toi bâgêne puis qu'on a consommer à eux mais n'a rien qu'au bâton bâin n'a mouche et à l'aide à malade à quitsho moutou toi tu n'as qu'à si comporter dans un mouzoud il n'y a jamais n'a qu'à aimer à isoler ta ma trouble et qu'aux sociétés voilà pour terminer un message vraiment très important que nous sommes en train de dédiquer la communauté la population d'être veillé des sensibilisés aussi nos dépités qui voient des lois comment est-ce qu'ils peuvent se harmoniser comment et que ce soit vraiment bien écrit et puis pour ne pas amener toute la jeunesse à pouvoir se procurer librement comme la loi l'autoriser d'où nous sommes obligés en tant que leader de la communauté en tant que membre à traciste comme tu vois si c'est à Burlington nous sommes obligés les pouvoirs vulgariser les messages mais aussi en tant que spécialiste en santé publique c'est ça notre rôle pour aider à informer la communauté et d'y qu'à la communauté alors je sais pas docteur catéria nous avons un petit mot en français vous pouvez parler un petit français je pense que ça c'est très dur et on a ce message en anglais je pense que le public doit être conscient qu'il y a des harm à THC et les législateurs et le board de contrôle de la campagne et les officiels publics ont besoin d'assurer que la loi s'est suivie et que tout le monde est conscient des warnings et surtout que THC n'est pas plus vu dans les candies donc nous n'avons pas nos enfants et nous sommes en train d'éloir et les unités intenses n'ont pas pu s'éloir ok merci nous sommes arrivés à la fin de notre émission d'aujourd'hui pour ce mois des juins alors nous vous disons merci et nous saluons toute l'équipe technique qui nous a soutenis Jordan et toute l'équipe pour la réalisation merci aussi bon anniversaire aussi à channel 17 pour 30 neufs en d'existence on a célébré la semaine passée alors tout le monde est débout merci à la prochaine nous allons toujours vous servir un lingala tout l'obi et ma tonne dominghi et un soilly accentu et à la prochaine allez ciao see you next time next month thank you