 Ketamine is a commonly used sedative drug in pediatric intensive care units, PICUs. However, there is limited evidence on its potential long-term neurobehavioral effects. This study analyzed the existing literature on the topic and found that only 56 articles met the inclusion criteria. The United States was the leading contributor of published papers, while professional clinical societies played a major role in disseminating knowledge through their specialized journals. Most studies were case series or reviews, and few studies focused on post-use monitoring. These results suggest the need for more robust clinical studies to better understand the potential long-term neurobehavioral effects of ketamine sedation in critically ill children. This article was authored by Mary Lucifer Asmaia, Lucas Villa-Pedrosa Silva Pantoa, Brenda Costa-Daconse-Sao, and others.