 This study found that MIR-145 plays a key role in activating hepatic stellate cells, HSCs. It does this by targeting the gene KLF4, which is known to be involved in cell differentiation and proliferation. When MIR-145 is overexpressed, it leads to decreased levels of KLF4, resulting in increased production of alpha-smooth muscle actin, SMA, and collagen type I, COLI. Conversely, when KLF4 is overexpressed, it reduces the production of SMA and COLI. These findings suggest that MIR-145 may play a critical role in the development of liver fibrosis. This article was authored by Ruiting Men, Mario Wen, Min Yu Zhao, and others.