 Mr. President, Minister, we do not have it at the Forum as a practice to confer awards, but today we make an exception. And I have the great honour to confer the Global Statesmanship Award also on your behalf. And actually, there's only one last awardee whom I remember. It's Simon Peres, whom we will honour with a special tribute next Friday. For this reason, it's even more for me a great privilege to be presenting the World Economic Forum's Global Statesmanship Award to a notable personality and dear friend, President Juan Manuel Santos. President Santos has accomplished a distinguished career as a journalist, as an economist, as a public servant, and he had numerous positions in the government before being elected President of Colombia in 2010, and then re-elected in 2014. President Santos, of course, has received numerous international awards for what he has achieved and what he has created as his legacy, and, of course, we are all aware that you received most recently the 2016 Nobel Peace Prize. President Santos, we know each other since over 25 years, and it was actually already 25 years ago that we, if I'm not too modest, that we recognized your extraordinary potential as a global leader because we nominated you at that time, global leader of tomorrow. This distinction is also a tribute not only to you, but to the people of Colombia. Our joint vision and commitment to improve the state of the world, our values and objectives that certainly are shared by the World Economic Forum and the people anywhere in the world, but particularly in your country, Colombia. Today, Colombia has such a successful story to write, and I just heard the peace agreement which you elaborated is a role model for how to create reconciliation after a long period of conflict and to create peace. It is covering all areas, and actually it's as more remarkable because your country has suffered for so many years of this conflict. The transformation is clearly the result of your leadership on many fronts, and this is the reason why I'm so honored to give you this award, and I should explain it's a little bit symbolic. Of course, having our meeting here in Switzerland, we want to promote Swiss products, but this is probably the only clock which works without external energy. No battery, no nothing you need, it's just the pressure of air. So it's in some ways the only perpetual machine, and I want to give it to you, Mr. President, as a symbol for making sure such a peace, and I'm convinced of it, such a peace you have negotiated, is perpetual. Please join me so I can hand over. Global Statesmanship Award for President Juan Santos in recognition of your leadership and contribution to Peace World Economic Forum doubles 2017. We've now the discussion, and I'm very pleased to introduce also my friend, President Minister Berger Brende, Foreign Minister of Norway, who actually was one of the guarantors of the peace negotiations, and imagine, he just told me he has been 11 times in Cuba integrated into the negotiations in the last year. Allow me first to say a few words, Professor Schwab, thank you so much. Thank you so much for this award, as you very brightly said, this award is also for the people of Colombia who have been having this resilience in this war, and it's thanks to them that we were able to finally, after 52 years of war, come to an agreement with the FARC, finish this conflict, and have a much better future. And thank you for your friendship and your support during all these years, as you also rightly mentioned, we know each other for a long, long time. I remember very well the first time I came here, back in 1991, and I remember very well on the many occasions I came, one of them, a long conversation I had with Nelson Mandela here in Davos, and we had a very good conversation that we then had or complimented in South Africa, gave me very good advice on how to go about seeking and trying to reach peace. But not only on the end of the conflict, you have also supported Colombia in the other aspects which are necessary for what you just mentioned, this award, the peace everlasting, which is good economic development, good environmental policies, growth, trade, and all the principles that you defend here from the World Economic Forum, which we have been following for so long, will have also been a very determinant factor in the progress that we made in the peace process, but they will be specifically important in the post-conflict. Because now, with the end of the conflict, the opportunities that open up for Colombia are enormous. The conflict was like a handbrake in our development and our growth. Without that conflict, we have a much better future. So thank you, Professor Schwab, for this award. I will bring it back to my country with the heart full of gratitude. Thank you very much. Now, Minister Brenda, you, as Professor Schwab said, you have been probably one of the key witnesses of the whole process. And Norway has been a tremendous, tremendous support in every respect, not only as a guarantor, but also as an advisor and your support financially in every aspect. You have been extremely, extremely helpful and important in the process. And you know the process very well. And I think what we are supposed to do right now is to have a conversation about the whole process and the different implications. And since you know it very well, you are going to play today the role of journalist. So here I am, you ask the questions and I will try to answer them. Thank you, Mr. President. And congratulations with the second very important award in the course of two months. And we know that 52 years of the longest armed conflict in Latin America is now coming to a close. Six million people has been internally displaced in Colombia. More than 300,000 or close to 300,000 people have been killed, injured. So I hope, Mr. President, that people are already seeing the peace dividend. Could you share with us what you expect in the coming months, how Colombia will look different after these 52 years? And I have to add, even if I'm not playing the role of a journalist, that your leadership through this, even when it was tough, you were under criticism, there were fake news out there, you stood true and know the deal is there. And I hope people are seeing the peace dividend. What we agreed and what we signed was the end of the conflict. Right now we are in the transition, what is called the DDR, disarmament, demobilization and reintegration of the guerrilla members of FARC into society. And this very moment, what is happening, they are coming out of the jungles, they are coming out of the mountains and they are walking and transporting themselves to specific areas where they, in the next six months, will give their, all their arms to the United Nations. In the meantime, we are having, we are already putting in place a development plan for all these regions. These are huge regions of Colombia which have never had the presence of the state precisely because of the war. Nobody went there. There is no infrastructure because no contractor dared to go there. The state was not present. So it was a vicious circle, the state was not present because there was war and therefore because the state was not present there was more war. Now we can convert that into a virtuous circle. We have a tremendous opportunity to bring infrastructure and that is what we are starting to do, build roads, schools, hospitals. This is an area or many areas that are very fertile. The land is there to be exploited in a sustainable way. It is a very rich land. And so the opportunities open up. We have to be very well organized and very efficient, effective as a government in order for people to start seeing the change fast. This is something that we learned from studying other peace processes. It's very important that between the moment that you sign a peace agreement and the moment that you start seeing the change you have to shorten as much as possible the time frame. So that's what we're doing right now. We should have in the next two, three weeks all of the guerrilla members in these centers and these camps and then they'll start the disarmament. Let me tell you, this last weekend it was something surreal, nobody ever imagined the television sceneries of the guerrillas with their arms in a row coming down from the mountains or coming out of the jungles to these camps. This is the end of the war. This is something which Colombians never thought was possible just a few years ago. I can confirm, Mr. President, that this is something very touching. I was with my colleague, Frank Walter Steinmeier, the Foreign Minister of Germany on Sunday and he came up to me and said, Begye, you won't believe what I experienced in Colombia. It was in one of these zones where FARC is now living their arms, they're living in tents next to the army people, the civilians and there is already healing of this process. So it is very consequential in a very short time. Yes, and let me tell you an anecdote. There was a bit of a scandal in Colombia a couple of weeks ago during Christmas because soldiers and guerrillas and the members of the UN mission that is verifying the compliance of the agreements were all dancing together. And people thought, my God, what are the UN, some people, some critics, this is completely unacceptable that the UN is dancing with some women members of guerrillas, my God, this is peace. This is exactly what we wanted and some policemen and soldiers also dancing, this is exactly what we wanted. Instead of shooting each other, they dance, this is peace. It is very touching and it shows that we are seeing peace dividend very fast. I know that there's also initiatives for demining because a lot of areas still have a lot of landmines so we need to clean these areas and I think you also would like international support on this? In any post-conflict, but especially in the Colombian, there are some very particular challenges. The second most mined country in the whole world after Afghanistan. We have a bit over 1100 municipalities and almost half of them are contaminated with mines, some very concentrated. This is a very difficult and cumbersome process, of course it's necessary. We have a very ambitious plan to get rid of all the mines by the year 2021 and we have now a pilot project which is also a way to reconcile because it's the guerrilla members and the soldiers and many in many regions also the private organizations that are dedicated to this type of work are also there present getting the mines or neutralizing the mines one by one. It's very difficult to put a mine is very easy and very inexpensive. To take out the mine to neutralize it is very expensive and very difficult but we are doing that you and Norway and the United States have chaired a whole group of countries that have been donating and helping in this process and this is one of the big challenges. There are many others but this is one of the big challenges but it's a beautiful challenge because when you and the Secretary Kerry in the last General Assembly of the United Nations convened this group and you invited me to go and speak to the potential donors, I went and I showed a book that had like figures for children which they were there and he said you thought this is a book to learn English or a book to learn how to read and write. Now it's a book to teach the children how to recognize the past where they should walk in order to not be affected by mines. This is something which for any normal person would be it's outrageous it's something unacceptable but that's exactly what is going to change with what is happening in Colombia. So we'll share more information about the mining initiative. President Santos you mentioned when you came to Davos in early 90s you met with Nelson Mandela and the clerk first time met outside South Africa here in Davos so there is a legacy of peace and reconciliation under the leadership of Professor Schwab but reflecting on the very tough years I guess you have been true you know they take a specific leadership in kind of war takes also leadership in peace what have been the toughest moments and what can we learn from you in this process and maybe what was the happiest moments. Well it goes up and down I've said many times because I had the opportunity of making war I was Minister of Defense and modesty apart quite effective and I had the opportunity of making peace leadership in times of war is relatively easy because it's a very vertical type of leadership it's black and white you know the bad guys are there the good guys are here you rally the forces and if you are successful you show trophies and people applaud and you become very popular that's why I was elected president of Colombia in the year 2010 because I was very popular because I was very effective making war making peace requires a very different type of leadership because first of all something which is a paradox peace divides societies and your leadership is not a very straightforward leadership you need to lead different sectors you need to know how to change mentalities change attitudes change the way people perceive themselves and perceive their enemies in the in the speech of the noble price I said something that a general taught me say why don't you start calling the guerrillas adversaries not enemies enemies means you have to destroy them and we are all sons of a same nation start by simply tell them that you're they are your adversaries these will start changing the attitudes of many people and it's just a small but very good example of what is needed in making peace how to tell a victim that she should forgive and support the process for transitional justice it's it's sometimes very difficult but I learned a lot from the victims I thought that the victims were going to be the toughest the most difficult people to lead in the process of making peace and I discovered that no on the contrary they are the best sources of support and a professor from Harvard at the beginning told me you're going to feel many times discouraged sad with with the desire to throw in the towel talk to the victims they will become a source of energy and I did that during the whole six years talking to the victims the dramatic experiences that they had said no no I must continue I must persevere what what moments would did I have like sadness and despair because of course another lesson that I that I learned do not make a referendum when it's not necessary it wasn't necessary I was stubborn I did it because I thought it was the correct thing because I had promised it everybody advised me against it no don't do it you might lose I said no no but I promised the Colombian people that they they could vote on that and I discovered that if it's not absolutely necessary you must not do it of course there were the happiest moment is when you finally say you got the agreement I was in Bogota your colleague the minister of foreign affairs of Colombia she was one of my negotiators in Cuba and she called me and said president we finished the last point and that was such a relief so the that type of contrast the post the plebiscite both referendum or the moment that I received the call saying we finished there are many examples of that type of differences but the important thing is that the deal is done and now we have to start or we have to deliver also in the post conflict with Mr. President a lot of leaders within with the Nobel Peace Prize and also know with seeing clear dividend coming out of this state-of-the-art peace agreement just you know lean back and and and not take new initiatives but I heard that there is also interesting developments when it comes to the ELN guerrilla so there is an agreement with the FARC guerrilla and there is a smaller guerrilla still left there some people in Colombia said that to me that oh they think President Santos will leave that for the next president are they right no they're wrong and well the minister Brenda you you ask a very opportune question because I must inform you that before you go to bed today you was probably received from Ecuador some extremely important news precisely on that issue the the two parts the two parties of government and the LN are right now in Ecuador negotiating the way to start the official negotiation we've been added at least for three three and a half years and today hopefully before you go to bed you will have some very good news on that aspect specifically Mr. President I knew it was not in your character to lay back and be complacent I we know that you're have been a strong leader in war but also shown unique leadership in time of peace it is said by a lot of people that really know about peace agreements that this is the most comprehensive one and people are now using this one to make peace also other places in the world there are many unique aspects about this peace agreement it's the first time that the two parties get together and construct a special jurisdiction from the justice point of view to submit to that jurisdiction in order for the process to guarantee that there will not be any impunity the most responsible of war crimes of crimes against humanity will be investigated judged and sanctioned by this special court we have been very careful in complying with international rules in this aspect with the treaty of Rome and this is something very very unique of this of this process most of the peace process simply a full amnesty and and we get together and we forget about the past in this case no the truth the truth is and we learn that from other processes is extremely important that it emerges because many of the victims the only thing they want to know is the truth there is a saying in the Bible the truth liberates the truth really makes you free in a peace process and especially in a conflict of 52 years that is very important so that is another aspect the the part of the development of the zones that were affected by the by the conflict that's another unique aspect because there's special commitments the reparations of the victims we have already repaired close to 650,000 victims materially repaired the country that has repaired more victims in the whole world and we have many more to repair because we have more than 7 million victims so there are very unique aspects of this of this process that makes the the the process of very probably a precedent for other other conflicts that should be resolved by negotiations and and we're very proud that this is so because it was very creative is very many people helped many international advisers that went and let's take this from the South African process let's take the this from the Northern Ireland process let's take then this from Salvadorian process and we ended up with a mixture of experiences and new experiences that makes this quite unique thank you Mr. President I think on behalf of all here we it was so interesting and also touching to hear your story and also how you kept up the spirit when it was tough with the meetings of the victims and the victims also were brought into the peace process we know that a lot of the victims came to Cuba met with the negotiators and that you were inspired all the time by the victims and and to continue your work let me just add that aspect this is the first process where the victims are the center of the solution of the negotiation their rights their rights to justice to reparations to a non repetition to the truth those are the pillars of the negotiations the first time that in a in a process this has done thank you Mr. President and I at least will not go to bed very early tonight I will follow what you said in Ecuador and we'll cross our fingers thank you for sharing thank you thank you thank you for your work thank you