 My name is Tony Obin. I am the Chief Executive Officer of the Ghana Minerals Commission. Obviously I'm from Ghana. Well, the idea of a dialogue is bringing people from various backgrounds with similar interests together to discuss a problem. That's different from a monologue where one talks down on the other. So for me, the fact that you have reached faculty here from various countries including operators in the ASM arena, regulators, NGOs and even people from academia put together in a room to dialogue on ASM is really very exciting. Well, I have been excited by discussions on the role of government and I think I would like to see some ideas because most governments would want to address this challenge which appears to be intractable, the challenge of ASM. In some countries it's almost getting out of hand even though governments want to be able to somehow manage and control it. So we're useful to have some ideas that will guide policy in achieving a mainstreamed outcome of small-scale mining. Now, there's also the issue of formalization and informalization. I mean, if you look at the whole artisanal small-scale mining environment there's a lot of informality going on as there is in most developing countries in other activities. So I think we need to look at a more innovative way of achieving formalization as a first step of legalization. And for me, formalization does not necessarily mean legalization. It means putting order, structure, identifying people, the agents who are involved in the space in which they operate. That is the first step and that is formalization. Then you can decide and of course they would agree that, okay, now let's follow what the law requires us to do. That's really what I also want us to eventually come out with. Some innovative ideas of formalization of artisanal and small-scale mining. Diversity is very important but you cannot dialogue about other people. You have to have those around whom your dialogue is also being part of the dialogue itself. So the fact that you have ASMO practice or those who are directly involved in artisanal small-scale mining here, the fact that you have people whose business is to think and generate knowledge that is academia here, the fact that you have people like myself who beyond being a regulator have had a long experience in artisanal mining in terms of trying to find solutions. I've been with CASM for a long time. Even at the International Council on Minerals and Metals, I was a chairman of the artisanal mining and small-scale mining working group. So I have had some experience and in my country, small-scale mining has been there for quite some time. And there are similar people around here. And I think for me that makes for good constructive dialogue on the subject. You would guess it from the way I spoke that supporting governments to come up with some innovative ideas to try and sort of regulate that sector is very important. Because sometimes governments do have capacity challenges. They get overwhelmed by the challenges. And also they wouldn't have the resources to also address them. You have countries handling a million artisanal miners. And how many people could really control them if you have an organization that has maybe 200 people or 300 people? So seriously you need to capacitate these, or maybe find ways of capacitating the regulators, which is government in that area. And of course the other one is formalization. Yet the two key things which I think should really be prioritized as very important.