 Good afternoon sir. Good afternoon, ma'am. Good afternoon sir. Thank you sir. So, your name is Navendra or Anaya? Sir, Anaya. Anaya. Anaya is your name? First name, yes sir. My father's name is Anithin. Your father is from Saulapur? Yes sir. What is his business? He is a chartered accountant. Chartered accountant. And your mother is judge? Yes sir. Where? Sir, she is currently posted in Pune. As? Civil judge senior division. Civil judge senior division. And you are done your BTAC from Mumbai? Yes sir. Tell me in one minute or two minutes your father's business? Chartered accountant. Sir, chartered accountancy deals with auditing of various firms. They include both companies, corporates as well as privately owned businesses. And my father also, my father, actually there is a choice for the chartered accountants. They can deal either with income tax or GST. My father deals with both income tax as well as GST. And earlier we used to also do that when GST was not ruled out. Yes sir, that's what I think. And Prime Minister in one of the conferences of CAS talked about unethical behaviour, unethical advice by the CAS to the clients. Yes sir. You know what that? Yes sir. Some many a times chartered accountants advice for tax evasions and tax avoidance also. And they can also, if they want to behave unethically, they can manipulate the audit reports, especially of banks where they go for statutory audits mandated by the RBI and also for concurrent audits as well. Yes sir. Okay. You have not filled up police service? Yes sir. Why? So actually the physical requirements for the police service is 167 for height and I am 165 centimetres. Or something you got from your mother's experience? Mother's experience as a judge? No sir. I am 165 centimetres and I don't qualify for the physical requirements. Okay. She has dealt with criminal cases also? Yes sir. Yes sir. Any experience which she would have shared with you? With the family? Sir, she does share but currently she deals with family matters. Absolutely. Any family matters experience sharing? Sir she keeps sharing about cases where the couples demand for custody of the child and how there are conflicts. So in one of the cases the education of child was getting hampered because parents were fighting for custody and yes sir. Mostly laws are in favour of women. All these domestic violence and dowry harassment and all. Anything came to your mother's notice that it is other way around? Harassment is from girl's side to the boy's side? She has shared with you? Sir, it is not actually harassment that she has shared but many a times lawyers have a big role to play in what the parties produced before the court and at many times lawyers basically prolong the cases and try to force the male party to surrender at many times. Okay. We have a lot of coal mines, lignite mines. Yes sir. Recently some news was there that the government is doing some auctions, e-auctions. Read about that? Sorry sir, it has given my attention. Not right. Defence purchases. Cabinet has cleared some defence purchases some 2-3 days back. Sorry sir. It came in paper. Sorry sir. Light compact combat helicopters or something. No. Sorry sir, I will read more. Sure. Gyanwapi Mosque. Yes sir. Heard of that? Yes sir. What is that? And what is the controversy? Sir it is a mosque situated in city of Varanasi and basically the controversy or the media controversy is that there is a territorial dispute between the exact place or whether it is reconstructed or constructed over a former temple. So the controversy lies around these phases. Which was the former temple? Sir they say that the current temple of Shiva, the shrine of Shiva was actually where the mosque is situated today. Yes sir. These type of controversies are there at 2-3 other places also. Can you name them? Sir one was the Ram Mandir. Not exactly of Shiva temple but yes in Ayodhya. Temple Mosque. Yes sir. And sir the other one is in Mathura. That controversy is solved? Sir we are trying to... Sir legally it has been solved. Yes, legally it has been solved. Then what is left? It is legally solved. Sir because of this issue many other issues are springing up. We have solved the Ayodhya issue but because of this many similar issues are emerging in different parts. So I am asking which are those places? One or two places? Sir one is Varanasi. The other they say is Mathura. Yes sir. I can recall these two now. In today's days when government is having lot of laws and public awareness is there. Some very inhuman acts are still taking place. Yes sir. Can you name them? One or two? Sir rape is one such heinous crime. So disturbing of public order and disturbing of law and order by lynching... That has been there since long. By lynching people based on fake news. Any other which can be solved through scientific means through mechanical means. So does this question pertain to crimes? I am asking you. It is sewage. People getting into sewage pipelines and getting suffocated and killed. Yes sir. Chemical engineering right? Sir studied pharmaceutical technology with chemical engineering subjects. Okay. And what was the role in the company that you have worked? Glenmark Pharmaceuticals. Sir I was in the operations department and I was given some projects at the initial level. I was only there for three months. So initially I was trained and then I was given a project to do small project to do and that's what I get there. Why did you leave the job? Sir when I decided that I should prepare for the civil services exam my job was in operations and I could not dedicate full time for the preparation and yes that's why I had to resign. Why the idea of civil services? I think you could have done very well in this sector. It's always a green sector also. Yes sir. So after joining the job I realized and I was motivated for the civil services because of the opportunity that it provides and also because the prospects of how a good civil servant can impact the developmental journey in his or her area and in his or her capacity. And I'm also interested in the secretarial roles as they are key in keeping things moving in the government and also get things done for the government and I think this would be very satisfying for me. Are there any things done for the government or for the politicians? Sir for the government and government is for the people. What is evergreening of patents in pharmaceutical industry? Sir generally patents are granted for 20 years but companies try to extend it by making minor changes to formulations or its therapeutic uses or its process and then prolong the patents so that generic industry can get access to it. So this is evergreening. Okay. You have also taken agriculture as your option? Yes sir. Why? Sir initially I was interested in agriculture but even after going through the syllabus of many optionals for this exam I found agriculture to be engaging and also doable at the same time. So I decided to go with it. How is climate change going to affect Indian agricultural patterns and crops? Yes sir. So climate change is triggering global warming and this in turn is making the pattern of rainfall erratic, the amount, intensity, distribution of rainfall is the pattern is getting disturbed. So the main thing is it will also make the traditional knowledge of farmers obsolete because of these changes and apart from this it is giving rise to various emergence of pests out of season like we saw the locust attacks and so these are some major changes I can recall right now. Broughts and all? Yes sir. The erratic changes in rainfall and frequent dry spells and droughts will surely increase in the coming times. Okay. What is any government policy or scheme to find the climate change in agriculture? Sir the government is running a mission for sustainable agriculture which basically focuses to cater to these changing changes that are yet to come, that are coming actually. In my own experience what I have seen is that generally the sons and daughters of chartered accountant, they take up chartered accountant accountancy as a profession. Any reason why you didn't take it and rather went into the science stream? Sir at that time after passing 12, after passing 10th especially I was interested in engineering since that and basically my motivation was to get into this particular college because I have seen many people, I was motivated for this particular college and I tried for the same in my 12th standard. So interest in engineering is the only reason so why I did not pick accountancy. You are from Sholapur? Yes sir. How did you come to Delhi? Which is the nearest airport for you? Sir Pune. Pune my god, quite a distance again. How many? Yes sir. What is the distance between Sholapur and Pune? Sir 240 kilometers. 240 kilometers. Yes sir. So you went by road or by train? Sir currently I am staying in Pune. Sir you are staying in Pune? Yes sir. Because that does everything? Okay. Pune then of course you are direct flight. Sir I took a train actually. Yes sir. Yes sir. That is fine. Okay tell me something about Sholapur. One is the temple famous, what is that famous temple? Sir it is in Pandharpur, the center of Bhakti movement in the region. It is a temple dedicated to Vithoba, a form of Lord Krishna. And a sect called Varkari sect is greatly devoted to the deity there. So yes. So on a particular day, lakhs of people come, they walk. Yes sir. And they make rangoli for miles together. Yes sir. I have seen, I have been there once only. Yes sir. It is a very nice temple. Yes sir. It is the 11th day of Ashad month. Yes. They gather there. That is very good. And Kolapur, how far is Kolapur from Sholapur? Sir it is 6 hours journey. 6 hours? Yes sir. Then Satara and all that. Oh good. Window dressing. I mean you said ever greening. It is also known as window dressing. So what is compulsory licensing? It is all in that context. Yes sir. What is compulsory licensing of the WTO? Yes sir. Sir suppose a manufacturer, suppose voluntary licensing by company does not succeed. And the company is exploiting its position of having the patent. Actually unarbitrally high prices are being charged and there is an artificial shortage of the product. Then any person can actually go for, try for voluntary licensing. But if it fails, it can go to the government and ask for a license, for compulsory license to be granted. So that the manufacturer can start manufacturing it and fill the gaps that are there in the market. But what is the role of WTO in this? Because it is all WTO thing. Yes sir. Not the government. That way every government will try. Is it given for anything and everything? Specific serious diseases only. Sir yes. And for some parts of the world, not everywhere. Yes sir. Yes. Mainly Africa in particular. Yes sir. Tell me now. Sir it is given in extraordinary circumstances only. When prices are too high or there is a shortage of drug and all means for voluntary licensing fail, then manufacturers can approach to seek a compulsory license. Can you recall one classic case wherein Supreme Court also gave its judgment, the Indian case product. Which product and which company? Sir does this pertain to Novartis Parmas case? Yes. That is right. Yes sir. So what was the judgment? Sir I think after that the honorable Supreme Court asked the government to make amendments to the Patents Act to stop or to refrain companies from ever winning the patents. And it was related to anti-diabetic. They use the word window dressing. Yes sir. Window dressing is the word the Supreme Court used. Yes sir. Thank you. So what is the definition? Has a similar thing come up from the vaccine and all? Yes sir. India is also having some view on that. What exactly is the issue? Sir India along with like-minded countries like South Africa, we are pushing for patent waivers and WTO. And the discussions are still going on. There were media news that some consensus has been reached a week ago. But others are putting some condition. Yes sir. Just WTO is telling me like. Okay. Now in India how do we price the drugs? There is an agency which does that for essential drugs. Which is the agency? Sir the government has constituted a national pharmaceutical pricing agency. And it has been mandated under a DPCO. The Ministry of Health basically comes out with a list of national essential medicines. And then the NPPA comes, has its own formula to regulate the pricing of drugs. And in that way it controls. But after 2013 it has moved towards more market oriented approach to regulate the drug pricing. Right. What are generic drugs? Sir generic drugs are similar formulations which have same API as that of a patented drug. But recipients can be different. But they show same therapeutic effect. Yes sir. Every now and then we run into FDA. Yes sir. What is the issue? Why do they do that? I did not. No no. FDA every now and then they put some condition about our drugs manufactured in India. Yes sir. You cannot market them straight away. Yes sir. So what is the purpose and why it is happening? Sir the US FDA has very stringent regulations when it comes to good manufacturing practices and also quality control and quality assurance. Yes sir. Then later on they agree also. Yes sir. These are very standard ready lab and all that. Yes sir. So there are political things also. It is not strict. I agree. Okay what is your option sir? Agriculture. Yes sir. Good. Now tell me about the cotton and Maharashtra. BT cotton where it is grown and what are the issues? Yes sir. So BT cotton. Now which is the distinction Maharashtra? You do not have all over? Yes sir. So it is generally grown in regions of Marathoda and Vidarbha. Vidarbha. Yes sir. Do you get range there? No sir. Yes sir. Okay. What are the issues? So issues are frequent dry spells and droughts in these regions have made to crop failures and farmers are not getting remunerative prices for the produce. And this has also increased the number of suicides in these two regions. And as per Dr. Swaminathan's article it also says that it has been a failure BT cotton because the yields have stagnated over years and it is adding no more. It is not increasing the productivity now. Which is the other state where this cotton is grown? Neighboring state. Sir Gujarat. Gujarat. There we do not hear much of a problem. I do not know why. The suicides are not taking place anyway. I guess. Okay. What are your hobbies? Last. What are your hobbies like? You have any hobby? Yes sir. Tell me. I play tabla. Tabla? Yes. Great. That is nice. Some eminent tabla players past or present. Father and son tell me. Father and son. Sir the most famous maestro is Ustad Allarak Khan and his son Ustad Zakir Hussein. Very good. And sir. Yes sir. Okay that is fine. Now tell me you have tabla in the north basically. Yes sir. But in the south we have something similar. Can you name those instruments? Sir in south we have Mridangam. Mridangam in Tamil Nadu. We have Ghatam. It is basically a pot. It is a pot. Yes sir. Very good. And then Ganjira. Ganjira is like. Yes sir. Yes sir. They play in that. Thank you. Very good. It is a good hobby. I hope you continue playing this. Especially if you get posted in a remote area with all problems. You start playing tabla you will feel better. Maybe now also before the interview. Playing badminton. All England badminton. What happened? India did we perform there? What is the position? Some Mr. Lakshya saying ended runner up. Very creditable. Yes sir. Earlier two Indians have won this. Can you name them? All England Open. Who? So I am not able to recall right now. Akash Parikul and Gopichal. Yes sir. Thank you. Good. Yoga. What sort of yoga? You follow any particular school or just Ramdev or what? What sort of yoga are you? No particular school but I do mix of all physical postures as well as meditation. Yes sir. After seeing TV programs or what? You have to have some idea now. Yes sir. So I follow some YouTube channels. YouTube. Yes sir. Thank you. Have you heard of Delhi-Mumbai Expressway? Yes ma'am. You know about it. What is it? It's basically aims to shorten the distance and cut the time that is required and it passes through states of Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh. So cut the time of what? Because as it is we have flights, we have other means of transport to reach to Mumbai. So what are some of the key features? How it is going to help? I am not able to recall all but I do remember that they are also aiming sustainability by constructing corridors, wildlife pass corridors in regions of Rantambore in Rajasthan and Sariska Tiger Reserve basically in that region. I recall this. Anything for commercial vehicles, any help, any support? Sorry ma'am I'll have to read. Okay. Recently there has been study on microplastic in human blood. So have you heard about it? Yes ma'am. It's been there in the news from last couple of days. So what exactly is that? What is the study about? Ma'am it says that the concentration of microplastics is increasing and it can be fatal in coming years. Are you sure? It will be fatal? Have you read about it? Ma'am I actually follow some YouTube channel so I cannot read it. I realize I should have known this and I'll surely read more about this. And what is coral bleach? Ma'am it's the negative impact of global warming and climate change wherein increasing temperatures or increasing sea levels basically the between the corals and the species that contribute to it algae and the polyps it gets disturbed and What's the difference between coral reef and coral bleach? Sorry ma'am. Difference between coral reef and coral bleach? Ma'am coral reefs are basically the mutual relationship between polyps and algae and the deposition is called coral reef whereas coral bleach is an impact or a result of increasing global warming and climate change and they basically lose their colors and that's what they call it bleach. So why is it so important coral reef? Ma'am they are generally referred to as rain forests of the seas and they support fish populations in the below the below water and also they are important for tourism purposes and they also act the types of corals like atolls and barriers they act as support for act against increasing waves sea waves if it. Posh. What is Posh? Ma'am it's an act to it's an act for prevention of sexual harassment of women at workplaces. Is there any provision for false complaint in Posh? I'm not sure about this. As we just discussed that there is a possibility and since you know law is mostly towards women so there's a lot of probability that false complaints will come. So are there any provision for such false complaint according to the law? Are you aware of it? I'm not sure about it. Okay. Drones in agriculture. How do you see that? How do you see the future of drones in agriculture? Ma'am certainly technological interventions like drones would increase the productivity of Indian agriculture. They can be used for spraying of pesticides for nutrients. Has this started? Ma'am I'm not exactly sure but the budget this year's budget aims for this to make Kisan drones more available to farmers and it's also it has also announced provisions so that KVKs and start-ups and FPO's can actually have drones so that they can lend it to farmers. So where all these drones are used in agriculture apart from spraying? They can be used for assessment of crops for surveillance for insurance for insurance purposes also for assessing the various technologies integrated with drones. Three advantages of using drones? Ma'am firstly spraying of nutrients fertilizers. How is it an advantage? Advantage. The spraying is done manually also. How is this more beneficial? Ma'am firstly it will be more uniform if sprayed through technology using drones and also it would lessen the indiscriminate use of fertilizers. It would be calculated using variable rate technologies so that... Is it going to be more expensive or cheaper? Ma'am I'm not aware of the exact economics part. Cost is an important factor. That is why the government is pushing for FPO's and agri-start-ups and KVKs to actually own the drones and then lend it to farmers on some working model. Exact economics I'm not aware of. Tell us this is the last question. Tell us about Sri Lanka economic crisis and what is the latest and how is India engaging itself with Sri Lanka? Ma'am Sri Lanka is a neck deep in debt and it's about to default. What has led to it? Ma'am Sri Lanka economy was heavily dependent on tourism which was worst hit by the COVID-19 induced lockdowns. Apart from this over dependence on Chinese projects and media reports also say that there's a lot of corruption in the country because of select few of the same family own key positions like the president, prime minister, finance minister. And apart from this Sri Lanka announced a blanket ban on chemical fertilizers last year so that and this has led to a sudden decrease in yields of agriculture and... So what is your view on that? Banning on these chemical fertilizers was it a good move? Ma'am I do think we should start to move from chemical intensive to more sustainable and organic farming but this can be done gradually in phased manner so that yields are not lost and we suddenly don't turn a deficit country and depend heavily on imports from outside. How is India engaging itself with Sri Lanka? Ma'am India has announced $1 billion worth credit line to Sri Lanka and apart from this we are engaging it with different deals like the Trincomali deal. How is it going to help India in terms of relation international relations? Ma'am recently India also signed some defence agreements with Sri Lanka so strategically yes it will help us to keep a check on Chinese increasing Chinese presence in Sri Lanka and their increasing impacts on the Chinese Sri Lankan domestic politics as well and we are also building on people-to-people relations with the Sri Lankans so that we have a longer term advantage. Thank you. Thank you Ma'am.