 We produce 3.6 million tons of PET bottles in the EU every year, 50% of which ends up in the ocean, landfills, and incinerators across the continent. We are inside a reserve, which we are in the nature reserve of La Ricciona. We walk a lot, we find pieces of plastic, fragments, or bottles, and so on. Most of them, around 70% of them, come from the sea. To tackle this issue, the EU introduced in 2019 a directive on single-use plastics. It set a recycling target for PET bottles of 25% by 2025 and 30% by 2030. One method for recycling these bottles is deposit and return schemes, or DRS for short. They are reverse vending machines that reward consumers for returning their bottles. However, there is a clear north-south divide when it comes to DRS implementation. We travel to Italy, Europe's leading consumer of bottled water. The country releases around 11 billion PET bottles each year onto the market, but more than 60% aren't recycled. There is no plan to introduce a nationwide DRS in Italy at the moment. This is mainly due to stronger position from the industry, which sees it as an unnecessary duplication of traditional door-to-door collection schemes. On the one hand, it is possible to reduce the demand, particularly for single-use plastic bottles, due to the higher cost of purchase, even though it can be compensated by the resettlement of the consumption. On the other hand, it goes beyond the concept of prevention, in the sense that there is no real stimulus to produce less waste, because the message is that plastic can continue to be purchased and used as much as it can be recycled as much as it can be used as a material. Another topic I think is a negative point is to understand how many citizens can respond to this further demand of behavioral change. But some vending machines have still been installed by companies such as Cori PET, or by municipalities that received government grants. While DRS traditionally gives consumers their cash deposit back when they return their plastic bottles, these machines reward them with shopping vouchers or prizes. We are in a press conference where the lucky winners and every month there are lucky winners will be able to go on a cruise changing routes and therefore becoming more and more recyclable and enjoying the beauty of our seas. It was a pleasure for me to spend an hour on recycling and to make a difference. The bottles are put in plastic, but in this way they are used for specific purposes. Today there are about 800 of these units in Italy. Cori PET is planning more in order to achieve European collection targets of 77% by 2025. Despite these efforts, the equivalent of 7 billion water bottles are still being incinerated, landfilled, or dumped in nature in Italy every year. Meanwhile, over 2,000 km away in Norway, reality is completely different. Over there, 93% of bottles are recycled. Most bottles that wash ashore can be traced back to Europe, especially the UK where there is no DRS. On a small beach a few miles outside Bergen, we met Kenneth Bruvik. He's been collecting rubbish and plastic waste along the west coast of Norway for many years. Here are bottles that have been painted up to small, small, small, small pieces. Here is a consistency of plastic that is broken down into small, small pieces. We can't keep it like this. To all those who produce these disposable bottles, stop getting it to go around. Let it become a plant order, plastic must get a value so that it doesn't come off. It can't be in nature. So what makes the Norwegian system so efficient? Part of the answer could be Norway's environmental tax. Producers have to pay hefty fees for each plastic bottle they put on the market. But if they collect more than 95% of them, they are exempt from paying the tax. We talked to the CEO of Infinitum, the organisation that's been running Norway's DRS for plastic bottles and cans since 1999. In 2022, we collected almost 93% of plastic waste through the plant automata. In addition, we collected about 6% through household waste. We have almost 99% of plastic waste that was planted and collected. The circle here is that when you buy household waste, we say that you lower the waste in principle. When you consume the waste, you put the waste back in your collection and send it through our system to the recycling system. You can make new bottles and cans, and then you have a lock of waste in Norway. Up to 85% of bottles collected in Norway are recycled into new ones, in a process entirely paid for by producers. Could the same system be introduced in the rest of Europe?