 We are today gonna have a little talk with Opelix. Opelix is gonna show us something and this is about 3d printing 3d printing is really cool 3d printing is supposed to be as some people say supposedly the new scientific revolution and it's gonna disrupt major industry. This is really awesome and We have a little question though and that is what about all the waste? What about the waste that happens in 3d printing and Opelix has thought a lot about this and experimented and he usually doesn't Come to any Congress or any Camp without his 3d printers. He's gonna tell you about that And he's gonna show us or talk to us about what we could do to reduce the negative impact of The environmental impact of 3d printing, so please help me welcome Opelix Okay, thank you very much for being here. I think thank you for the effort for getting up this early It wasn't easy for me too, but now we're here and we're ready to start first of all, I Hope my English is good enough. I thought I had to Submitted the talk in German, but it was English so I'm talking English And so excuse me, maybe if I don't know a word, I will try to say it in German the next thing is in the beginning when I submitted the talk I had a lot of I Think I was a little greenhorn about recycling and I had a lot of ideas and at the end it turned out a little bit different so we won't only talk about recycling plastic in the form of Shredding it like you may know it already, but also the the global problem that emerges with 3d printing together with The growth that this market and this industry has So what are the goals for this talk? first of all raise awareness for the issue because you already know especially in Germany, we have this really complicated waste management system and We already have recycling processes for plastic, but these also will be Increasingly used for 3d printing plastic the other thing is to provide ideas and inspiration because I already failed in some moments I Discovered some things and I want to share them with you. So if you try something you don't have to start from 0 to Yeah, so that's About the goals first of all, what is the problem? Everybody likes 3d printing everybody buys 3d printer It's easy and cheap a kilo of PLA plastic costs about 30 euros So for example, if I want to print out this little wienker katze It may cost me like one euro. So I don't care. It's just fun and That's one of the problem people like print a lot of stuff. They They don't really need they just print it because they have a printer and they want to print something I must admit that in the beginning I had the same problem sometimes I'm in front of my printer and I say man I need to use this I want to print something and at the end I end up printing Thousands of vases or some other crap that I don't really need and only catches dust and The other problem that comes with this is that there's no recycling infrastructure Which is adapted for 3d printing you have the normal recycling infrastructure where trash is collected and Sent to recycling centers and then process But with 3d printing being a technology that is spread around the world and very local There there are chances to develop 3d recycling Processes that are like the printers local tools or for example If you are able to recycle plastic without getting it out of town for example, if we live in a small town This uses less infrastructure less energy and has less impact on the environment Which is not possible with normal plastic because who needs plastic pellets if you don't have a 3d printer So that's a new dimension which comes into this thing Yeah, about printing useless stuff. This is some of my useless stuff. I print just to give you an idea One these are the Stanford bunnies one cost. I think 20 cents 30 cents So I printed 60 of them because I found it funny And now I don't know I have them lying around and I don't know what to do about it And this is especially hard because this is the plastic that is really difficult to recycle but So that's the example for don't do that Because that's not a good example and that's not good for environment So why recycle well first of all there's the environment you want to think about it you want to preserve it so producing trash is bad and and That's the first reason why you should recycle or at least produce less weight and then there is another point is that Trash is money if you print stuff you do don't need you spend money while you don't need to spend it That's that's the point where I started thinking about it because I have huge boxes of plastic trash And I started to think about how much money I'm wasting as well as Having them printed or just throwing them away. So that's That's the point where I thought man, you need to change something How does this look? This is about the plastic. I have printed the trash plastic. I've printed in six months So this is these are big boxes. I think it's about six to eight kilos of plastic Which I could have thrown away, but I picked I collected them so I could do something More useful with it so What happens with the plastic if you don't recycle it? Well, if you are lucky it gets into a recycling center if Things turn out bad and I say I would like to issue a graphic warning for the next picture next picture If you have a light stomach and don't like to see dead things then don't look Because this is the problem you have all day especially in the oceans animals dying because they have plastic inside and they eat it and these are the sizes Like these bottle caps or like even the mastic clips you print here These are the size of Chunk of plastic that animals can eat and will eat and will die because of this so this is one of the reasons why This is really important Some numbers about this I 200,000 printers being sold and this sorry Sorry, I didn't I could see I could see we didn't hear the question This is worldwide. Yes So this is an estimate. There's a exact number. I took from a gardener I think they're an institute for statistics and Marked in the Lysus and they estimate that this is will grow and really grow fast in the next years Yeah, it's a billion dollar industry actually the market value is around several billion dollars and It's estimated to reach about 20 billion dollars in 2020. So there will be a lot of things happening And it's good because this technology has really good advantages, but with more print There is more ways and one of the problems is the failed prints You always have fails like with normal inkjet printers you will never be able to reduce Completely or to eliminate them completely But there are two categories in this failed prints and two different things you can do about it first of all There are the failed prints that are because that failed because of technical problems of the printer So how does this look this so for example it looks like this? Yeah, I could have said that this talk could have also been in philosophy But this for example the the prints didn't completely stick to the print bed And this is about 10 euros of wasted plastic in and it's waste that is produced for no reason So that's that's one of the first problems Another picture could be this one I have a lot of things I could show you like about a thousand pictures of failed prints And this one that looks really funny Yeah, that's funny now But if you have to give a print to someone and he's waiting for it and you're sending this as picture He wants to kill you you know Yeah, that's I mean that's That's one of the reasons it fails and this I think it's most of the fails at least for my Part I print like if I print one kilo of material there hundred grams of waste And but the other part is where you print because for example You have done the wrong measure measurements or you have chosen chosen the wrong file or Some else reason so this is a human error you make but this also counts as a failed print so That's one of the problems you also have while 3d printing so the The goal is to reduce one of the goals that you have is reduce these failed prints and that's I think one of the biggest The best goals because like in for energy or Electricity you can try all always to produce cleaner electricity or in this case better plastic but The the thing is if you just start using less then You also have to throw away. Well as for example, you can see it here Their info of the prints is really high. I mean, it's like I think 20% and This was for an architectural model. So it doesn't need any stability I could have printed it printed it without any info and it would have been much more lighter and That's this kind of human error that can be Changed and you have to be aware of it that you can really save a lot of plastic by doing this so During the next there are many different ways of recycling plastic and recycling these prints for the next time we want to focus on One technique that is the threading technique you may already know or have you seen on TV. So This how it should work. This sounds really easy. You collect the stuff you put it in you to collect it by different material types so you put in PLA in one box ABS in the other box and Everything is fine. Then you clean it. Yeah, because you have to remove the trail the for example There's dirt on it or something you want to have really a clean material This is a this is a step that many people forget But it's really important because that augments a lot the quality of the filament you extrude at the end Then you buy a shredder and destroy everything you find because it's a lot of fun Yeah, no, really I had one in the office and at one point I was looking for a smartphone And for some reason I looked at the shredder immediately thinking did I shred it or not? But I found it. It's okay It's here, you know No, but that's that's the fun part you get to destroy stuff and The the next step is also something people forget you have to filter the parts by size because you want to have All the parts in the same size. That's something we'll talk about it later Then you have to buy or get the filament extruder Filament is you can see it at the 3d printing assembly everything. I'm talking about you can see that the 3d printing assembly Filament is the plastic that goes into the 3d printer In case of fdm printing and that is heated up in a nozzle so it can be put on the build plate So these have diameters of 1.75 millimeters or 3 millimeters So it's like a hot glue gun You just put material inside and you make it hot and press it through a nozzle and then a filament comes out It sounds really easy to Yeah, and after that you can print stuff and you can repeat this just really I mean I saw that and I said cool I want to do that So what are the machines we need for this? First of all, you need a material extruder This is the machine I bought from Nostec. You don't have so much machines on the market This is the only one which I could find was already assembled because I didn't I didn't want to waste my time Building the thing I wanted to use it. So I bought a completely build one. It's really simple You have a huge electric motor which then pushes the threaded plastic parts which are here through a long threads that's Heaten up in the front and then the plastic filament comes out of it Sounds easy to Okay, the other thing is the shredder as you can see it has already some funny stickers Yeah, so you put the plastic in the top. It's not electric. It doesn't work with electricity You have to use like your muscles. So you have to eat a lot of soup and drink a lot of beer But it's really fun. I have Some people that only come because I want to destroy stuff. So that's really cool They come and ask me can I shred stuff and I say okay if you don't break anything, but So that's that's a fun part you gets I Mean the principle is really simple plastic goes in from the top and then comes out and little threads and here you can see it already The part have different sizes. You don't want that so Seems pretty simple. Why shouldn't this work? No, that's what I thought But I bought everything I tried it out and then I had to realize that it's not like it seems to be first of all Why didn't it work yet? Shredding stuff is really complicated and because the the prints are really stiff I mean you want to print something that resets a lot of force So shredding the stuff is complicated. It's really with a small feather. I have I can't Thread anything that is thicker than two or three millimeters of wall thickness from a print Because it you don't just you don't just have in a enough force One one of the techniques is to break it down a little bit with like your hands or on a table corner with your weight You can break it make smaller chunks and then shredder it Then the different sizes of the plastic that's a problem because you're pressing them into the extruder and if they have different sizes you absorb into the Machine you absorb a different number of particles in time so your flow at the end is Varying a lot and this results in a lot of Every leg irregularity in the the filament thickness and that's not something you want really want to have a clean filament with a constant thickness And then the cleaning process needs to be optimized because when you melt the plastic Stuff you don't want to be you do not you don't want to be You don't want to have water or a humidity inside it because it will be included in the filament and it make like make holes or bubbles inside which is really a problem for 3d printing so this is the first problem that I ran into With with the system and that's really these are some points that are not easy to to resolve because The problem also was to find a shredder at least that works because if you Google for shredder or look on ebay or Ali Baba You find like threader shredders for papers and if you want bigger then you find shredder for cars or like tires and So the paper stuff was too small and I didn't have 50,000 euros for a diesel shredder that can like Take huge huge tires So that's one of the problems that you only have one machine that that really works and And it's not so big. So what's that's one of the really problems That I ran into how does this plus shadow plastic look like well, that's you can see it here That's really I mean So many people ask me about the colors. Why don't you mix them and? Why do you mix them? Why don't you sort them by color? I mean I could but then I have to have like 50 buckets per plastic and That's too much. I don't care about the color if the recycle print is great and it's okay because it recycled so this is something that has run several times through the shredder itself and it's still not the same size and This is this really one of the main problems But okay, these everything looks and I try to shredder this with the kitchen mixer at home It works, but it makes a lot of noise and then the shredder is broken. You see all my My fellow roommates who all they they face palm because now I need to buy a new mixer But I mean the So I tried different things and I cannot recommend to do it in your mixer at home. I Would drink something sorry Okay, but this is looks something you could solve I mean you could just buy different shredders or clean it better But how about the problems that you can't really solve at home or by yourself? Well There especially for PLA a lot of misconceptions about the biojugability So people say man I print PLA because it's good for the nature It can be if it decomposes itself and many people think this but the problem is that PLA only Decomposes under industrial conditions and in the nature it behaves like any other plastics so it stays there for 5,000 years That that's really a problem. I mean This is many plastics like this and why why should it decompose in in three months? I mean if you print something for your garden and it's disappeared three months afterwards That's not what you want. So That's that's really The thing that you want to have a durable product you want to print stuff that holds two or three years even in the sunlight So it's not really possible to to make them To make them biodegradable so they can really in the nature be left with no harm like food or or normal biological waste The other problem is that many of the plastics you buy for example these from color fab. They're not Pure PLA they're mixed with other stuff because it's that makes them easier to print it makes them smell like sugar or coffee It's not a joke. You can really buy coffee filament that smells like coffee while you print it it also exists Yeah, that's I don't know why but I mean Okay, you also can buy beer filament. It smells like beer Yeah, I'm really waiting for something that smells like I don't know mint or strawberries Though so there are many people putting a many many weird stuff inside of the filament that really changes the semi the chemical Of the the filaments, especially regarding the biodegradability and the other thing is a special filaments. Well, you have special filaments for example with metal particles inside with many many other like wood cork or What what do they have you have the flexible filaments? So they are really they are not normal PLA and you need to to separate them for the rest but there's even because they're less around so there's even less experience with recycling of them and Another problem that I've already talked about is the precision of the extruded filament because if you look how they do it in Really big industries in China for example where they make tons of filament per day. They extrude a really thick Plastic Rod and then pull it while it's still warm so they can really adjust the perfect thickness This is something there's a machine that would fit in this room. So it's nothing you can buy at home or transport with your car So but I mean then it depends. I mean if you have a lower precision Maybe you can adapt your printer to it or just I mean if it's a recycled print You have to make some kind of sacrifices. Maybe that's one of it. So it doesn't look perfect so and What's okay now? We have seen that recycling plastic is isn't as easy as I? Thought it would be I hope and I hope I'm not alone with the thoughts because I talked to other people and I said no, no, it's totally easy and safe tried so Okay, you will you have a 3d printer and you think this is too complicated. I don't want to buy stuff I don't want to be bothered by shredders or stuff like this. So how can I? Really try to reduce the trash that I produce with a 3d printer Well, that's something I already talked about in the in the beginning you have to adapt your prints because now that I know that they're really difficult to print I will print my Parts with less stability so I can easily shred them and they use less material So there are two parameters you can adapt infill and thickness People are printing Objects with 30% infill. I don't know what they want to do fly on the moon It's even with 10% prints are really hard enough So you can print with five or 10% that's really enough and you don't need more than two walls so Most of the time you can really you have to test it out what for your printer works best and then you can Really easier recycle them and and use less plastic then the really important part is thinking before you print I always get emails within the signature written. Please don't print it out unless it really you really need to This was this could be transferred to 3d printing to So if you come for example to the 3d printing assembly and I give you stuff Please only take it if you really want it because that's I mean I don't have to print them. I'd only print them because people take them so If you if you are not sure if you want it, then maybe you should leave us and then We The other thing I would mention is reduce the failed print rate. So how can I do that at home? Well, the best thing is that you get to know your 3d printer You get to know the moment when it fails and you need to really to make sure on a regular basis You check it you check the the screws if everything is tight or if nothing is loose And that's really easy steps to reduce the print rate If you for in one month if you have a 3d printer in each month you spend one hour checking the printer You will really have a less much less of a failed print So that are really some easy steps you can do and I think you can really Save a lot of plastic by doing it well We have 3d printers around now. We had them for the Last 10 years, but what about the next 10 years? Because we are now talk talking about FDM printer So FDM is the technique where you have the nozzle and the plastic is extruded this is actually cool because it's cheap and Everybody can build it easily the wrap wrap projects can build it easily But I personally think and others may join me in this idea that this is not the future because it's it has a lot of limitations and Requires I mean the you have a lot of problems that come with the print that you don't have with other techniques and you have other techniques like selective laser centering or stereolithography which Need extreme powerful lasers like 200 watts 400 watts So this is something that won't be done at home in the near future soon But one of the things that could be the future Is Stratas has a pattern on it. It's called poly jets you have Epson also has this kind of print techniques where you have resin that is Spread on the the print bed through ink jet nozzles really on the microscopic scale and directly hardened by UV light This makes This makes the machine work like a normal inkjet printer You have to bite by cartridges and put them inside and you print and you can take the print out This has technically a lot of advantages and I think then in 10 years this will be coming forward because there will be more research and Machines will get cheaper but Why is this different? Well? FDM printing uses thermoplasts and polymers which can be easily melted again and put into Into another forms like shredding them and building new film and but what about the resin that has been cured with the UV light? well It's not as easy And that's where the the problem start Because actually if you want to recycle resin you burn it and you take the heat form Doing it in other purposes. I don't think that's a bad procedure if you filter the The air correctly so it has a low impact on environment You still take the best out of it by using the energy a captain's side to produce heat or energy The other thing that you can also do with PLA, but also with resins is a chemical decomposition. So You have to Collect them and put them under certain conditions so you can extract the polymer chains or decompose it into its chemical part and then reuse them or Throw them away in a responsible manner. So these are the other recycling techniques and I didn't find any other maybe someone has Another idea, but this is this is it so and the problem is that with the The extruding of the filament if in 10 years, we don't have any filament printers then it's useless. So We have to find other ways and I think that's the only way then is reducing the failed print rate So why why am I talking about this because at the beginning we said well You already have infrastructure for recycling plastic. You can you can sort it and throw it away. Well you When while recycling the the the idea with them extruder could be That you recycle plastic on a local scale so This is the only thing that you know the locals fail because the chemical decomposition and burning it that only works in big industries Because you you need all these machines and they need connection to the power grid But if you find a way either in the next 10 years to also use either recycle the resin printed parts Easily at home or in local stores I mean you don't have to do it at home if you can if a local store can do it It's it's it's it has the same advantages or then produce resins that can be easily recycled So that's that's other goals for the next The next in the next time the next 10 years the next 20 years and This idea wants to spread. Maybe one of you has a cool idea and want to come up with it So what else can we do? We saw that we can recycle we can reduce our print rights We can pay attention. These are all things that you can you have to do if you want to do it But you will never be able to produce zero percent of waste the thing that is if you extrude filament Because the filament is is getting older. You always need to put new plastic inside So stretch it a little bit with new PLA so that it doesn't break completely That's something I forgot to tell in the beginning with the misconceptions That people think that just because you extruded the plastic makes in a new one if you take The the vincul cut so you had standing in your garden for two years and then extruded you the plastic is still Tier you two years old and on a chemical base Broken I would say so that's one of the problems You can't do it on the infinite scale at some moment. You have to show stuff away. So What else can you do to reduce? This this kind of trash and that's that's no magic that's this ideas I came up with because other people didn't have them and I want to share them so You can use the the the remaining parts for example the filament is Put on spools like this and the spools at the end of the print they remain you don't you don't know what to do with them You can put cables on them, but like in this part you can also build lamps with them. This is a LED lamp Which makes nice light. So this is Something you can do with the the leftover parts from 3d printing Also someone else at the 3d printing assembly took some of my leftover filament and built necklaces out of it and In front of the angel Area you also have a huge sticker walls where some people put on recycled parts. So it looks nice Sorry, so this is You have all this have to think out of the box So if you have stuff lying around it's like can I recycle it or maybe can I use it for something else and the other thing is for reducing the print rate and this is something Also applies to this kind of lamps And we said in the beginning If you have the technology must use it Well, even at the assembly people come to me and want to have stuff printed That could easily be cut out with a knife for for example a paper sheet or a plastic sheet So you always have to think does the problem? I want to solve with 3d printing is really being solved by 3d printing fully or is it only a half solution? You read a lot about printing houses I don't know if it's really the the best thing to do because you have faster way to build a house than printing it Yeah, I think IKEA has this kind of houses that pop off you can like buy them and Pull on five wires and ten minutes later you have a small house Yeah, yeah that really I mean that takes five minutes and if you want to 3d print a house you need a new huge machine and Extrude a lot of material. So this is something you always have to think about this is really useful what I'm doing I mean, I don't know if this is really useful. It looks really nice, but at least I didn't throw away the spool so This is and the LEDs I put inside are also reused from another project. So it's like 100% recycled stuff Okay, but So we talked about recycling ourself, but is there already other projects doing this? Well, there there is one bigger project commercial project called refill There from I think from Holland and They take they get soda bottles and car dashboards made of ABS and they trash them with big shredders and Recycled them with filament. So you can buy a PT and ABS filament from them I even have some over there at the 3d printing assembly if you want to take a look You can you can come and and see it I didn't find any I mean then you have smaller projects which basically are for building the machines. So There is a filestruder filler boards Lime and extruder are you will find if you Google filament extruder you will find a lot of people building extruder themselves with stuff you can buy from from the normal home deposit or hardware store But the question is is the self-built machine really performing or are you still producing more trash? So you can always ask this question But maybe in the future we will see more projects emerge Yeah, so this is basically the end I'm sorry. I'm not able to talk longer because I I wanted to present more stuff But because I failed a lot I have nothing to present here But we have a lot of things at the 3d printing assembly You can just come over and check it. We have all the machines there We have shredded plastic you can use the shredder and like break stuff if you want to and so That's for the talk. Thank you very much for listening Thank you. Overlicks. We now have a chance to ask questions so if you have questions, please go to one of the Microphones in the end of each aisle so the back microphones. Yes Yeah, okay. Yeah Thank you very much. I have a question. So You try to stop as you try to recycle But isn't there a possibility to use some organic plastic so that could you so you can throw away? Yeah, that's possible But the thing is if the organic plastic like decomposes, I think that's what you mean Then you have to you can't do that But you have really have to be aware what you print and how young along you're using it So if you're printing a smartphone cover, you don't want to use this kind of organic stuff But for example, if you're printing mart attack, which you only use at Congress Then you can use it because if two months afterwards, it's like decomposed and you don't care So that would be a possibility, but that Says that you know what you're printing and that's you have to know it many people sometimes don't know They don't just print stuff. So you have to think about it. But yes, I think that's that's possible Okay, so that's not already kind of plastic organic. No, I didn't I didn't find anything yet So I think that's In the future with the growth of the the market for filament It will be like for inkjet cartridges I think a 10-year people would like give you printers and you have to buy like for the double or the Really high-priced the cartridges to print inside. So I think there will be a lot of Research done in the future, but this is really something first People with chemical knowledge have to do and then they have to talk with the 3d printing people if it works So this is a long process. I think but hopefully this will work out Okay, do we have a question from the internet? Someone is asking ever if you have estimated the overall cost of the recycling so the energy need for recycling and Intermented environment environmental costs you have with the recycling and so on I can tell you the Costs of the machine. So the filament extruder cost about a thousand euros the trailer about 700 euros and then I bought like some SS war stuff So I would say that to start you need two thousand euros But for the environmental impact these machines all consume the filament extruder electricity like 3d printers But this is something I would Put aside because you have this environmental cost at any point So if for example, you don't recycle it and get it transported recycling facility, then you have the transport impact The energy impact of the transport you can put in an account but the recycler itself doesn't use more energy than The process at this point because of the hand-used shredder doesn't use more energy than a laptop I would think or maybe a big laptop So and this is not something that runs 24-7 it like runs for two hours you recycle some filament So the energy impact from the electricity side is really low From the footprint of the produced machines that that I don't know I don't know what how complicated it is to build a extruder how much energy it takes But I don't I think this is a level of detail where it's really complicated to make Fine calculation and say this has produced how this how many CO2 and electricity So you have to stop at some point worrying about the impact you can go at a certain depth, but at some point It's getting too complicated Okay, thank you and a question over here to save material you suggested to reduce the infill But doesn't this increase the failed to print rates because of Tipped over models I Don't think so most of the time the models tip over because the The heat the adhesion on the heat bed and the build plate is not good enough So to prevent the tipping this is what you meant, right? So to prevent the tipping of the models what I always do is when I start a print I really look at the first layer if everything is perfect because if the first layer is perfect Then you don't have to worry about it a bad thing is to like start it and come back five minutes later Because then it has maybe failed and already extruded plastic I could show you horrible pictures of Printers that have run like for 40 hours, and I forgot to look at them and they have started making like a lot of spaghettis So really it's a good thing to at the beginning of the print You look at you can you can if you do a lot of the deep printing you will directly see if it works or not And then then you can leave it then everything is perfect, but the first layer you should stay there and look at it Thank you Any more questions? Are there any questions? Where can we see you today do you printing I'm at the 3d printing assembly So the 3d printing assembly is next to the then the centrum. I think you Know where this is, but you can also look at it on the three three nav I think the navigation system for the Congress The correct to the house name of this room is God a room for yes all eyes So if you know where that is, I didn't know it too, but now I know it The easiest description is when you come in just walk straight to the elevators After the cash desk and go up with them and you can't miss it. It's usually where there are a lot of people and So yeah, there we have a lot of 3d printers and if for example you need a part To fix something you don't want to throw away then we can print parts to Really cool. Thank you. Is there a question from the internet? I don't know. Yeah, thank you Sorry Another question from the internet. Yes, there's one more question Someone's asking whether there's a difference between cheap and expensive filament in terms of recyclability Sorry the last word recyclability whether you can recycle it at all. How good it recycles. Oh That's a good question. I Personally don't know I would say that in terms of waste production a difference between good and cheap filament is that with good filament your prints fail less often or They directly look you like you you want them to be so but what you really want to look at if you want to see the rest Recyclability of the 3d prints and the filament is look at the components. So Depending on what kind of maybe you have to ask the manufacturer What are they putting inside too? Maybe they won't tell anything, but maybe they will tell you okay We have also have pH or PT or I don't know beer inside and then you can see how these other polymers can be recycled And this really has an impact on the recyclability, but that you have to ask the The companies because most of the time they won't tell you because that's a production secret that you know these little Additions you make into the filament are the thing that make the best filament. So they won't tell you and this is a difficult part Maybe this changes in the future Any more questions from the internet? Okay, if you're too shy to ask. Sorry. Yeah, there's two more question actually if you have time I mean, yeah, we have time I think and the first question is we have is do you recommend any suppliers for good filament? I don't want to make any To to put someone in the front, but I can say that I order my filament at Colourfab and German wrap wrap mostly because they have Compared to I have I have made good experience with them. I wouldn't say they're the best but that's why I order my filament and Yeah, but you have to try it out it depends where you live for example I think Colourfab and German wrap wrap if you're based in the US you have other suppliers So this is a really more for the European market Okay, thanks, and then someone is wondering whether it's what possible to just melt the whole Like waste into a big block and then proceed from there instead of shredding it first and into a small part Yeah, that that's possible and that's partly happening in the In the filament extruder because the whole barrier is made of steel and when you heat it up At the end it gets also warm so that the plastic is already a little bit I would say weak and soft so it can easily be sucked up in the in the machine, but I think that if you melt it in a in a big pot like this You have to pay a lot of attention to the temperature that it's constant over the whole part I don't know I haven't tried it But I I think it would be possible But the machines will look differently and I didn't see a machine that that makes this you can build one you can try it out It's not dangerous if you recycle ABS filaments Please only do it in the ventilated area because ABS filament is toxic and produces toxic fumes We all only print with PLA So if you want to try out recycle recycling, maybe it's a good start to use PLA So you don't get any health damages or die because of the different Sounds like a good advice Anything else from the internet Yeah, questions actually start to pile up right now Okay, but also in the room if you are too shy to ask a question now you can also come later to the assembly and ask me Someone's one ways you can sand down the bricks so you get really really small parts for recycling Sorry, I what what should I break down is sand down Waterschleifen yeah, but you you can send them down you mean for it so they can easily get into the The the Shader I'm not exactly sure how this question is meant actually okay, but I mean sanding and 3d printing for my experience is only for cosmetic Applications if you want I think what he meant is to produce a sort of powder. You can easily extrude maybe with the machine And so yes, yeah, but If the power if the parts are too small then there's no grip in the machine So you need the minimum and maximum size So I think what you need are different stages of traders like a big one a small one and tiny one and then someone's proposing that the hacker spaces could make Filament and sell it and make a local market and things like that You can I mean there are a lot of things that Hacker spaces can do on a commercial basis But in experience with my hacker space This this works, but it only works if everybody feels committed to it. So from the From the hacker space community. I know this this works really fine for fun, but commercial projects it depends on the people you know that People don't maybe go into hacker spaces because they because they want to do commercial stuff But maybe there are some hacker spaces where there is a team that they want to do a startup and like make a Like you have a coffee bike. You can do a PLA recycling bike. I don't know You drive to the customers and you collect the trash, but you can you don't need to recycle That being said you don't need to recycle 3d printed parts you can also take PET bottle and shred them and then print with it That's also possible. So you can you don't even need to buy trash or filament You can do it mostly. It's written on the on the bottles PET works fine Is that for the internet? Is that all for the internet? Yeah, that's everything Okay great so As we heard if we have any more questions we can find obelix upstairs across from the standard centrum Yeah in the 3d printing area And if there are and no more questions at this point, then please give a round of applause for obelix