 the sound waves themselves are having to travel a further distance, it's just that the sound waves are reaching you less often and so you experience that oral sensation in your ears. After Edwin Hubble discovered that once he discovered that the universe in fact the space itself that makes up the substrate material through which in which things happen in our universe that space itself. I just tell you that's just one that this beautiful little book is telling us that the universe can end. So chances are we won't go on to exist for eternity. A awesome episode about the future civilizations at the end of time based heavily on this guy Isaac Arthur's channel which that's left in the form mostly of black holes after the star formation period. But seriously we will exist for a long time but the universe undoubtedly there might be some doubt might exist for longer than we would. We actually get to the juggling metaphorically of course galaxies in this article here which is on curiosity.com by the way a really cool website universe most likely inside our book here a few pages from this article and uh everything right out of the book first one is closing the universe won't last forever because we can look back in time and see light takes time to travel distances in our universe. In just a mere two million or just local galaxy to us light taking that long to travel means that we receive in our eyeballs at least to our interpretation of what is but on our time scales seconds means roughly pretty immediate and millions or billions of a second perceive and be hit but if we're watching andromeda we're seeing things for two million years ago what that means is that things that we know are billions billions of light years out in the universe we're perceiving them as they were billions of years ago in what we see and so the inevitable conclusion to that extrapolation of logic is that the universe will eventually dissipate so just as we hear sirens uh pitch shift downward our light that we view from billions of years away because the space in between the galaxies is stretching don't quite understand it's red shifting it's red shifting all that like some sort of substance or field that exerts a sort of reverse gravity pushes while gravity pulls the universe can't go on expanding forever though and some things kind of give and when it does it'll likely happen one of these ways a heat death or a big crunch heat death would be a kin analogous to an expanding dissipating cloud of smoke where the particles get so disparate that essentially no atoms bouncing off one another would have the proximity to one another they would be so far apart that the our definition of heat which is the undulation or oscillation and friction between atoms hitting each other that would be mute there would be no no heat it would be cold everything would be very very still eventually the atomic particles that make up everything would decay subatomic universe will be dark cold which is why this scenario is also called the big freeze because scientists like to throw the adjective big with capital B in front of big ideas is solely in reference to the fact that it's the result of entropy temperature that would result and this is in fact the most currently understood fate of our universe and entropy is just the tendency for our particles to get more chaotic and disassemble and decay rather than combine and I guess it's the tendency for things to it's just the general tendency for things to get disorderly and I suppose order is a very orbit it's uh it's a technical but uh yeah one of the laws of thermodynamics that heat never if you have a glass of cold water and a glass of hot water and you pour them together the motion will never be segregated overall the motion that we define heat as most fleeting will never be segregated into separate sides of the container so you'll never have one container of touching liquid that is separated into one hot in one cold side if you give the particles long enough to interact with each other we assume that dark energy is pretty much leveled off to become a constant force um that's that was Einstein's constant he thought it was his biggest plunder to uh insert right into the is that maybe this concept pulling apart the galaxies or pushing apart the galaxies maybe this concept it's not fully understood and perhaps it's if it were to weaken to a point where it couldn't way is called the big rip in the heat death of the universe dark energy is more or less constant in the big crunch it weakens in the big rip dark energy gets stronger the concept of dark energy is that the local gravity and local dynamics in all the stars that gravity is too powerful and overpowers any type of expansion expansion stars that have coalesced universe in our the galaxies the galaxies in our current universe have uh they're pretty much um they've overpowered that big four scenarios here um those wouldn't occur for billions of years but vacuum decay could happen at any moment big field which quantum physicists perceive as permeating the universe our universe with varied um strength based on its potential think of it as like water in a water slide the higher up the water slide you go the more energy the water has falls down when it reaches the very lowest possible state say in the pool you call that the vacuum state but it also might be a false vacuum in which case there's a lower energy state that we just don't know and if this if we're chilling at our lowest energy state that we think we're at when someone pulls the plug for the Higgs field to so randomly that it's from one side of the universe because a true vacuum has different constants of nature than a false vacuum in our constants the ones we know in math like pi and phi and um these really tons of constants all makesobatomic and macroscopic things together that was disintegrated that would be it seriously it means the world sorry this one's a little short