 This is the open-out abdomen that we can see here on the left side and we can see this nerve here which I picked up This is the femoral nerve and we can see the femoral nerve is coming out from the lateral margin of the this muscle here This is the so as major muscle the femoral nerve is formed from the posterior division of L234 of the lumbar plexus And it comes out from the lateral margin of the so as major and it runs in the posterior terminal wall as we can See that here and then if you trace it further I'm going to put my finger inside and you'll find it that it disappears under this structure and it is come out here This is the inguinal ligament so the femoral nerve passes under the inguinal ligament and here it is accompanied by the tendon of this muscle This is the so as major and this muscle This is the iliacus muscle now We are in the femoral triangle and I'm going to put my finger in the femoral triangle and we can see my finger has come back Into the abdomen so this face under the inguinal ligament from where the femoral nerve comes from the abdomen into the thigh This is called the sub-inguinal space. This sub-inguinal space has got two compartments Medial compartment, which is also called the vascular compartment which gives passage to the femoral artery in the femoral vein And they come out as the external iliac artery in the vein and the lateral compartment is this one here This is the muscular compartment. Why is it called the muscular compartment? This composite muscle and tendon passes through this compartment That is the iliopsoas muscle and we can see this is the femoral nerve Which is passing through that and when I exert traction here We can see it is moving here. So that's why this is called the muscular compartment This is the iliacus and this is the soas and we can see the muscle both of them are going as a composite tendon and getting Inserted onto the lesser trochanter of the femur and the femoral nerve is situated right on top of that So now we are in the femoral triangle. Let's take a quick look at the boundaries of the femoral triangle The supia boundary is the inguinal ligament Which as we know is the upturned lower pre-margin of the external oblique aponeurosis of the abdomen So this is anterior supialiac spine and this is the pubic tubercle. So this is the superior margin The lateral margin is formed by this muscle here This is the sartorius and the medial margin is formed by the adductor longus The place where the sartorius overlaps the vector longus. This is the apex of the femoral triangle So this is the femoral triangle and this is the femoral nerve and I have lifted up the femoral nerve For ease of understanding, I will retract the sartorius Which I have done now and I've lifted up the femoral nerve straight away. We notice two things We notice that the femoral nerve course in the thigh is very short The femoral nerve itself is not very long and immediately in the femoral triangle itself It divides into literally hundreds of branches and we can see that very clearly here The femoral nerve immediately when it enters the thigh it divides into branches And it supplies the following muscles one sartorius itself and we can see the branches Next it supplies this muscle and we can see that also This is the rectus femoris, which is the one of the components of the quadriceps Then it supplies the next muscle which is under that and this is the vastus intermedius Then it supplies this muscle. This is the vastus lateralis and finally it supplies this muscle This is the vastus medialis and we can see this nerve entering into the vastus medialis This is the nerve to the vastus medialis. Apart from these muscles femoral nerve also supplies A muscle deep in the floor of the femoral triangle and that is this one here Which is located medial to the iliopsoas and it is this muscle here This one where my finger is tracing and I have lifted it up here This is the pectinius muscle. The pectinius is a dual muscle It receives a branch from the femoral nerve and also receives this branch which you can see here This is a branch from the obtrator nerve so therefore the pectinius has got function of Adduction of the thigh and as well as flexion of the thigh. It's a dual muscle Femoral nerve supplies these muscles. Femoral nerve also supplies the iliacus muscle While the psoas major and the psoas minor they are supplied by branches of the lumbar plexus When they're coming out through the muscular compartment they are not enclosed in the femoral Sheath. The femoral sheath encloses only the femoral artery and the femoral vein and the Femoral nerve as we can see is quite distinct from the femoral artery and the femoral vein And it's in a totally different compartment all by itself. If for any reason we need to Anesthetize or do a femoral nerve block we have to palpate the femoral artery And go lateral to that and that is the location of the femoral nerve If this femoral nerve is endured here then it will lead to paralysis of the quadriceps And the person will not be able to extend the knee because that is the most important Function of the quadriceps when the person tries to walk involuntarily his leg will Flex because of the unopposed action of the hamstring muscles and therefore to compensate For the paralysis of the quadriceps the person adopts a very unique position He holds with his hand. He holds his thigh like this the way I have Head just above the patella at the quadriceps tendon. He holds it tightly and thereby he prevents His knee from flexing when he's walking. So that is the position which a person adopts When he has paralysis of the quadriceps muscle. Extra-left thigh to show fracture of shaft Of femur and such cases femoral neurovascular injuries are quite possible The femoral nerve after it is supplied all these muscles of the anterior compartment Of the thigh it also gives numerous literally hundreds of cutaneous branches We have removed most of the cutaneous branches in our dissection But we have retained just one of them and this is the one which we can see here It supplies a large portion of the anterior aspect of the thigh And a little bit of the medial part of the thigh Next let's take a look at these branches. This is a cutaneous branch This cutaneous branch actually is a continuation of this nerve here Again I'm going back to the abdomen and I picked up a nerve here And when I exert traction here We can see this movie here This is the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve of the thigh This supplies the anterior lateral aspect of the skin of the thigh It also goes under the inguinal ligament Close to its attachment to the anterior superior leg spine And under the attachment of the sartorius And it comes down here Here it can get entrapped and can produce numbness, stinging and peristhesia In the condition known as Merajia peristhetica That's all for now. Dr. Sanjay Sanjaya signing out. Thank you very much for watching Please like and subscribe if you have any questions or comments Please put them in the comment section below