 The study used high throughput sequencing, HTS, to investigate whether the hepatitis B, HB, vaccine-induced specific changes in T-cell receptor, TCR, and B-cell receptor, BCR, repertoires, finding that the TCR B to chain commander 3 repertoire diversity significantly increased, while the BCR IGGH chain commander 3 repertoire diversity significantly decreased after the second vaccination. These changes might be associated with a better response to the HB vaccine. This article was authored by Akio Miyasaka, Yuichi Yoshida, Ting Wang, and others.