 The role of oxidized LDLs in atherogenesis is supported by experimental data from cellular lines and animal models, which demonstrate their pro-atherogenic effects on monocytes macrophages, smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells, and apoptosis. Cohort studies suggest a link between oxidized LDLs and cardiovascular events, while randomized clinical trials show benefits in high-risk patients but not healthy populations. Overall, the available data supports the oxidative modification hypothesis of atherosclerosis, although additional proof is needed. This article was authored by Giuseppe Mialino, Giacomo Rossitto, Paola Caeli, and others.