 1. The existing estimate of the global burden of latent TB infection, LTBI, as one-third of the world population is nearly 20 years old. 2. Given the importance of controlling LTBI as part of the NTB strategy for eliminating TB by 2050, changes in demography and scientific understanding, and progress in TB control, it is important to reassess the global burden of LTBI. 3. We constructed trends in annual risk in infection, ARI, for countries between 1934 and 2014 using a combination of direct estimates of ARI from LTBI surveys, 131 surveys from 1950 to 2011, and indirect estimates of ARI calculated from World Health Organization, who estimates of smear positive TB prevalence from 1990 to 2014. 4. Gaussian process regression was used to generate ARIs for country years without data and to represent uncertainty. 5. Estimated ARI time series were applied to the demography in each country to calculate the number and proportions of individuals infected, recently infected, infected within two years, and recently infected with isoniazid, INH, resistant. This article was authored by Rain M. G. J. Howbin and Peter J. Dodd. We are article.tv, links in the description below.