 وأقول في القرآن ما جاءت به آياته فهو الكاريم المنزال وأقول قال الله جل جلاله والمصطف الهدي ولا أتأواله الحمد لله رب العالمين الحمد الحسن وثاناء الجميل وأشد أن لا إله إلا الله وحدولا شريك له يقول الحقا وهو يهدي سبيل وأشد أن سيدنا ونبينا محمد صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وأصحابه والتابعين لهم بإحسان إلى يوم الدين أما بعد وإن now إن شاء الله يأتي إلى نهاية رمضان الان 10 دقيقة رمضان يأتي لنا أريد أن أتحدث عن رولين عن ما المسلم يجب أن يفعل في هذه الان 10 دقيقة هنا are many things that we should do in those last 10 days I won't be talking about every and anything I'll be focusing on more the Ahkan related to the احتكاف The way that I plan to go through this topic is in the following way 6 points إن شاء الله تعالى The first one is تعريفوا الاحتكاف What does the احتكاف mean in the Arabic language and what does it mean in the Sharia Number 2 غاية towards the ultimate goal of the احتكاف Why are we doing the احتكاف? What's the objective of the احتكاف? وحكمه and its ruling That's the first chapter إن شاء الله تعالى And the first chapter we'll be speaking about The definition of the احتكاف The objective of the احتكاف And the ruling regarding the احتكاف The second إن شاء الله تعالى Chapter شروط صحة الاحتكاف The prerequisites For the احتكاف to be correct Number 3 ما يفسدوا الاحتكاف وما لا يفسدوا What are the things that can corrupt a person's احتكاف And what are the things that won't corrupt your احتكاف Number 4 Or Chapter 4 It will be احكام النذر الاحتكاف احكام the ruling regarding نذر الاحتكاف A person does a oath and a covenant The احتكاف that they have to do If they make a covenant with Allah That they're going to do احتكاف The ruling is regarding that The fifth one is Paying back the احتكاف To bring back And pay back the احتكاف Last but not least I'm going to go through إن شاء الله What is recommended For the one who's doing احتكاف To come with What are the recommended things For the one who's doing احتكاف Those are the points that I hope to go through بإذن الله الكريم But before I start I want to say That the last 10 days When it would enter In the month of Ramadan نبي الله محمد محمد بن عبد الله صلى الله عليه وسلم He would do that which he would not do In the other 20 days of the month Or the other 19 days of the month He would do that which he wouldn't do And then why would he focus A lot on the last 10 days Why would he give it superiority Why would he give it More importance Than the other remaining The other previous days of Ramadan What is the reason The scholars they say it's two reasons The first one is It's in the last 10 days of Ramadan It's in the last 10 days of Ramadan That ليلة القدر فوز The last 10 days ليلة القدر فوز That حديث صحيح مسلم When the messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم He said اعتكفت I did اعتكاف في العشر الأولي من رمضان I did اعتكاف in the first 10 days of Ramadan And then I did اعتكاف in the 10 Middle days of Ramadan And then Jibril came to me And he told me يا محمد What you're looking for It's in the last 10 days Meaning ليلة القدر Then the messenger said to the companions فمن أراد منكم أن يعتكف فلي أعتكف Any one of you who wants to do اعتكاف Let them do اعتكاف This hadith teaches us That the reason why the messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم Was doing اعتكاف Was to find Ramadan This was the reason why He was working hard In the last 10 days It was because of ليلة القدر ليلة القدر Was in the last 10 days The second reason Why one needs to work Hard in those last 10 days Of Ramadan أقزأ More effort than the other days That have passed Is because إنما الأعمال بالخواتي Actions are based on the final moments Of your life The believer works hard The older he gets The person works hard At the ending of their life The messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم He would finish the Quran Once In Ramadan With Jibril But the year he was dying Because his life was coming to an end He finished it twice In the month of Ramadan With Jibril This shows the older you get The closer you come to your Your grave And the closer you get to death The more you multiply Your hard work and your effort Those are the two reasons Why me and you All of us Should exert more effort And hard work In those last 10 days Of Ramadan Let's go into the topic now إن شاء الله What does that attack Mean In the Arabic language الإقباله على الشيء والاحتباس فيه إعتكاف Means in the Arabic language It's to face something To face it Wholeheartedly And it's to imprison yourself in it And they said it comes from the word عكف على الشيء The person He stayed And stuck with something إذا أقبل عليه مواضبا لا يصرف عنه وجهه It is when he faces something With continuation And doesn't turn his face away from it That's what it means in the Arabic language That's what it means In the Arabic language And that's what it's taken from the آية تماتيل التي أنتم لها عاكفون Idols which you guys are doing إعتكاف عندها Meaning you're staying And you're sitting And you're remaining under it الإعتكاف means إصطلاحا هو الإقامة في المسجد إبنية التقروب إلا الله عز وجل ليلا كان أو نهارا It is to remain in the masjid With the intention to get closer To Allah But staying in the masjid Day or night It doesn't matter Whether it's day Or whether it's night We've defined إعتكاف In the Arabic language And we've defined it In the sharia We're now going to go into What is the objective of الإعتكاف The objective of الإعتكاف Is That the heart faces Allah عز وجل That your heart faces And you imprison your heart At this moment In your being The second benefit Or the second objective Sorry The second objective Of الإعتكاف is To be alone With Allah The third is The third reason For الإعتكاف is It is to disconnect yourself And Busy yourself with the creation And the worldly issues Disconnect yourself from that What is the ruling of الإعتكاف The ruling of الإعتكاف is It's a sunnah For the men and the women This is a consensus Amongst the four imams Not only that All of the madhabs that are followed This is what they have When they done it Some of the scholars they transmitted And They transmitted And That إعتكاف is not obligatory That it's not obligatory It's a recommended act So it's a sunnah for the men And it's a sunnah for the women But If The إعتكاف for the women Is going to lead to For sad corruption And problems Then She's prevented from it She's prevented from doing إعتكاف If there's a fear of إعتكاف Or there is no clear segregation Between the men and the women There's gonna The men are gonna have to sleep next to the women Then this is prohibited And it's haraab There's no إعتكاف for the women In that instance Also if there's fear of That might come from it Then the women are prohibited from it Not that the إعتكاف is not a sunnah for them Of course it is That's the actual hookah The original default position Like in right now We're gonna move away from that Because of other textual evidence That command us to abstain From fitting out trials and tribulations Now I wanna go into the second chapter Which is What are the conditions that are needed For someone's إعتكاف to be correct If they don't come with these conditions Your إعتكاف is incorrect The first one is الإسلام The person has to be a Muslim This is in accordance with Four madhabs They unanimously agree upon it And this is a verse from الله عز وجل وما منعهم أن تقبال منهم نفقاتهم إلا أنهم كفروا بالله There's nothing that prevented The Sadaqa being accepted Except that they were disbelievers The reason why The Sadaqa wasn't accepted Is because they were not believers The second condition is العقل That the person has sanity And sanity is a condition For the acceptance of إعتكاف And this is based on The Hadith of the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم That the messenger said رفع القلم عن ثلاثة The pen is lifted from three And from the three That the messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم Mentioned was وعليل المجنون حتى يا عقلة The insane one Until he gains sanity again The third condition For the acceptance of إعتكاف Is التميز The person has reached Age of تميز تميز is to puberty وهذا بالتفاق الأعمال الأربعة This is based upon The view of the four أعمال The four أعمال And the evidence that they use For this is إنما الأعمال وبنيات Intention is needed for the إعتكاف And if the child is young He doesn't know What he's doing إتكاف for He is most likely Not going to come with intentions So The child doesn't have An intention And that is their evidence إنما الأعمال وبنيات And this is اتفاق المضاهي بالأربعة ده حرفية ده مالكية ده شافعية ده حنابلة They all agree They all agree upon that The fourth one is an intention Intention is a condition It's required And the evidence for that is إنما الأعمال وبنيات حديث عمر رضي الله عنه And A couple of scholars They transmitted And consensus in this issue From them is ابن رشتن ابن رشتن He transmitted a consensus And ابن جزي That An intention Is needed for إعتكاف The fifth is إذن زوجي لزوجتي The woman Has to take A permission from her husband This is a consensus That the scholars transmitted From who المداهي بالفقية الأربعة The four madhams All of them agree And they also used The famous حديث Of عائش رضي الله تعالى عنها In صحيحين بقاريا مسلم So it's taken From that evidence The sixth condition is That it has to be Done in a masjid Consensus has been transmitted In this regard ابن عبد البرط Transmitted a consensus ابن قدامة Transmitted a consensus القرطبي Transmitted a consensus And ابن تايميا Transmitted a consensus The second point That I want to mention Regarding the masjid Is Can a person do إعتكاف In other than the three masjids This is a difference Of opinion But the four مداهي بالفقية الأربعة They all say That the person should The person can do إعتكاف in what He can do إعتكاف in other Than the three masjids And they use The general ayah وانتم عاكفونة في المساجدي You're doing إعتكاف In what? المساجد They made المساجد here They said it's a للعبوم استغراقية It means all of the masjids Okay But we've discussed that That's not the strongest opinion To us We've discussed that That this opinion Is not the strongest to us But this is what Many people are going to Follow regardless Another The third point That I want to mention Regarding the masjid is The masjid which The person is going to Do إعتكاف in Has to be Has to be A masjid That the congregation Is done This is the قول الحنفية And the حنابلة And it's the view chosen By بلوباز and بلو إعتايمين What about if the مسجد Is a masjid where The جمعة is not done جمعة is actually Not done If the مسجد There is No جمعة It is permissible And this is بالتفاق المداهي بالفقية Is it permissible For the person To climb The minaret In the masjid Would that be Still considered part Of the masjid Because we're going to Talk about the Conditions of Leave in the masjid And come inside In the masjid Soon The جمهور العلم Like the حنفية And the شافعية They say it's Permissible There's nothing wrong With that What about Climbing The roof And the جمهور The overwhelming majority Of scholars حنفية And the شافعية And the حنابي It is that It's permissible There's nothing wrong With it The seventh one is الطهارة Purification The طهارة What we're talking about Is مما يوجب الغسل That which That which Necessities غسل Okay And we're talking About doing واس it's going on We're going to talk about that إن شاء الله تعالى السول If it's Major impurity It is not Permissible to do اتكاف Start a اتكاف Except for the طهارة You have to start اتكاف طهارة Like جنابة حيب ونفاس Clean yourself from that And then come to do اتكاف And that's بالتفاق الملاهي بالفقية العربعة The four الملاهي بالفقية العربعة And impurity لا يشترطوا لا اتكاف الطهارة من الحديث العصقالي There's no condition for that You don't have to شخص إسلام التايمي In more than one place In more than one place He transmitted an اجمع And he even says I've never come across anyone who said it's not allowed The eighth point That we want to talk about Which is a condition اتزمان و الاتكاف The duration of the اتكاف A couple of points I want to mention In that is الوقت الذي يجوز في الاتكاف و متاة يتأكدو The time in which إعتكاف يستطيع أن تفعل إعتكاف في جميع السنوات you can but it's highly emphasized on in رمضان and the one who transmitted that is ابنو عبدالبرع نجمع نت ابنو مفلح الرمني and بهوتي point number 2 and the time in which it starts when does it start the one who wants to do it when does it start in the last 10 days of رمضان we've already mentioned that the message is so he's done it in the first 10 days and then he done it in the second 10 days and then he pushed it the last 10 days so the question here is that when does it start when does it actually start I'm going to do the last 10 days when does it start the scholars have two opinions regarding when should it start in the last 10 days of رمضان the first view is it starts before the sun sets okay then the night before the احتكاف you're going to do so the Arabs they call it night before they count it like that okay وهذا بالتفاق الملاهي الفقية الأربعة the format have the keys that's what they agree upon so the first view is the sense the sunset before the sun sets before the sun sets before it becomes مقرب before افتار you have to be in a mystery on the 21st night وهذا بالتفاق الملاهي الفقية العربعة and that is a consensus amongst the what though for men have the second view is it starts it starts من بعد صلاة الفجري it starts after صلاة الفجري on what day اليوم الحادي والعشرين عشرين the 21st from فجر always it starts and that's the رواية وليما محمد and it's the view that was chosen by ابن المندر ابن القيب الصنعاني ويبن الباز point number three that I want to mention regarding the duration is when does the احتكاف finish in the last 10 days of رمضان it finishes في ايام العشر الأواخر من بعد غروب الشمس آخر يوم من رمضانا ends and it finishes after صلاة المغرب after sunset on the last night of that night when they are they are announcing whether it's tomorrow or not that night after after sunset is when it ends okay and that's after the sunset okay and that's when they're going to really announce it in the uk and other countries like that that's when they announce it or other countries in the world that's when they announce it's tomorrow it's tomorrow in the message so if you do the احتكاف that's when you leave the message after that after he's done your افطار the fourth point that I want to mention is what is the أقل مده للاحتكاف what's the bare minimum of doing the احتكاف the scholars they say some scholars they said there isn't the bare minimum there's no bare minimum okay the bare minimum of how small you can do the احتكاف there is no it can be as small as between two salas this is a view taken by the حنفي and the شافعية it's a call of the حنابلة and it's the view chosen by بن حزم الشوكاني بن باز and ابن عبدل برهي said هو قوله it is the view of اكثر الفقها of one the majority of the فقها the fifth point that I want to mention regarding the duration of احتكاف is what is the longest احتكاف can be for this which is the longest that the احتكاف can be for it has no it can be for as long as the person wants it to be and there's a consensus on that there's no difference of opinion on that the scholars that transmitted the consensus are اليمامو نوهي ابن ملقين اليمامو حجر three shaft scholars they transmitted a consensus in that regard number point number nine that I want to mention اشتراطوا صومي للاحتكاف is there a condition for the one who is doing احتكاف having to fast is there a condition we'll say that the احتكاف is accepted from the one who is not fasting وهو قول الشافعية this is the call of the مدهب الشافعي and it's very famous عند الحنابلة تقول انت الحنابلة and it is also قول طائفة الهواتف قلت هذا it's the view chosen by ابن حزمن ابن دغيق ايد ابن بازن ابن عثمية رحمه الله جميعا we're now going to the third chapter which is what is it I can corrupt the person is احتكاف and what doesn't corrupt an احتكاف the first one is the person leaving the masjid with his whole entire body when there is no legislated reason there's no reason for it so there's no حاجة or there's no ضرورة both of those we have to mention you would have to know the difference between the two there is no need for it and there's no necessity for it okay ابن حزمن can transmit it a consensus that if that person who there's no need for him to leave the masjid there's no necessity for him for him to leave the masjid and he leaves ابن حزمن transmission اجمع باطع لا احتكافه that is احتكاف is not not void it's destroyed the second point is the person leaving with the whole entire body fully leaving the masjid but there's a reason and the reason can be one of two it's either a a worldly reason قضاء حاجة he has to fulfill his needs he needs to go to the toilet so the toilet is outside the masjid or he has to get something to eat وما إلى ذلك that's a that's called a فقار قول it اي حسي اي ردر حسي so تحنجبه excuse the second one is a شرعي excuse such as الوضوء he has to go and do وضوء and that's outside and other than that that person's احتكاف is not not void and ابن المنظر what about if the person leaves with some of his body some of his body is in the masjid and some of it's outside the masjid لا بأس به للمعتكفه it's no problem with that and it doesn't corrupt his احتكاف and that is the consensus by the four what متفاق مداهي بالفقية مدهب they all agree upon that point number four الجماعه sexual intercourse is prohibited from the معتكف and it will destroy his احتكاف and that's a consensus no difference of opinion in that ابن المنظر الجصاص ابن حزمن ابن عبد البر ابن قدامة القرطبي و النوي اوك جماعه if no difference of opinion in that number five ال احتلام و ادريم if the معتكف he has wet dream then this does not corrupt his احتكاف it doesn't but it's upon him to do وصول clean himself and he carries on his احتكاف he carries on and that's a unanimous agreement amongst the المدهب الفقية العربعة the four مدهب الفقية that's what they all agree upon number six المباشرة والقبلة بشهوة touching or kissing his wife out of desires the معتكف is prohibited from touching or kissing his wife with شهوة ابن المنظر and الماورد و ابن عبد البر yeah beyond show can you transmitted an إجماع that it's prohibited from the person to do so number sevenutter i a woman while she's doing احتكاف her man says starts i'm a post need post NATAL THEAT inicial or whatever or something happens to her okay then we go back to the issue is ا機ل إي جزءition موجودة على المودي as we go back to the issue is a woman allowed to stay in a misg都 يتعاين now it stop und Those tests or not if you're of the opinion that she can't and you'll say that she will have to و يجب أن تنسى ما يبقى منها و هذا هو المشاهد من مدهب الجمهور المشاهد من المجردات و هذا هو الماليكي و الشافعي و الحنابي يأتي إلى المسجد و يجعلها إعتكاف من أين كانت تنسى و once you believe she can stay in the masjid then of course they are saying that she can stay in the masjid ما إذا كانت فرصة في المسجد they become unconscious or they lose their sanity the same thing with them if they regain their sanity and consciousness then they carry on their إعتكاف just like the woman who is on a menses they carry on and that's the view of the جمهور الماليكية الشافعي و الحنابي number nine apostasy apostasy corrupts the إعتكاف and that's the view of the المدهب الفقية الأربعة that's a unanimous agreement from all the four مدهب الأربعة number ten المعاصي sins sins do not corrupt and do not nullify a person's إعتكاف but it's obligatory upon everyone who's doing it to stay away from sins but if a sin happens from him then he doesn't destroy his إعتكاف even if that sin which they did is a major sin such as backbiting tail bearing and other than that and that's the view of the جمهور the overwhelming majority of scholars like the حنفي and the شافعي and the حنابي and it's a قول للماليكية and it's a view held by the ماليكية now we're going to go into أحكام النذر الإعتكاف the rulings regarding the nether of إعتكاف a person makes a nether an oath that they're going to do إعتكاف we're going to speak about this in a couple of ways four points إن شاء الله point number one anyone who doesn't نذر الإعتكاف فإنه يلزموا الوفاق به has to fulfill it and do it that is بالتفاق المداهي بالفقية الأربعة the four madahabs this is what they believe but if a person makes a nether an oath a covenant a promise to do إعتكاف in the three masajids they specifically say the three masjids مسجد الحرام مسجد النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم and مسجد الأقصى them فعريه الوفاق بنذره this person has to fulfill the nether that they made وهو مدهة بالجمهور المالكية والشافعية والحنابلة and this is the view of the overwhelming majority of scholars the مالكية and the شافعية and the حنابلة point number three حكم من نظر الإعتكاف قبل إسلامي a person makes a nether a promise and an oath to do إعتكاف but this is before they became a Muslim then he has to fulfill it after his Islam and this is the view of أهل الظاهر this is the view of the ظاهرية and it's a رواية عن إمامي أحمد and it's a view chosen by ابن بطال البغوية الصنعاني والشانقيطي من العثمين this is the view that they all chose point number four من نظر إعتكاف يوم هل يدقل فيه الليل a person made a nether a promise إعتكاف يوم he said I'm going to make I'm going to do إعتكاف a day okay does the night enter it sometimes the word يوم is used as ليلة as well and جمهور العلمة such as the حانفية and the شافرية and the حنابلة they believe that if he says I'm going to do إعتكاف يوم a day then the night doesn't enter it he just has to do it for a day not the night we're now going to go to the fifth chapter that we want to speak about which is قضاء الإعتكاف bringing back and paying back the إعتكاف point number one the payback of the إعتكاف which is highly highly recommended the highly recommended إعتكاف to pay back if a person المعتكف التطوع عن إذا أبطل إعتكافه بعد شروع فيه if the one who's doing إعتكاف he and the إعتكاف that he was doing was a voluntary إعتكاف it was a leather it was a tattoo like the ten days of Ramadan and it broke from him after he went into it he may be done a day or two he got in and then it broke it's highly recommended for him to pay back it's recommended ولا يلزمه it is not obligatory on him ومدهو الشافية تولم حنابلة وقول للحنفية this is the view of the شافية and the حنابلة for a view of the حنفية number two قضاء الإعتكاف المندور إذا فات أو فست a person made a promise to Allah which we just spoke about a leather okay what about if he misses it or it gets corrupted his إعتكاف that he was doing he got corrupted for some reason for whatever reason he may be or he missed it anyone who does a leather of إعتكاف and then he breaks it for whatever reason it may be or it gets corrupted for whatever reason it may be he doesn't fulfill it then it's obligatory for him to bring it back because it was wedged in the first place he made an oath leather is obligatory for you to fulfill this is the إجماع was transmitted by ابن رشدن الزرقاني and ابن قاسم they transmitted an إجماع number three قضاء الإعتكاف الواجب علي الميتي an إعتكاف that was obligatory on a dead person someone died and he made that oath another that he's going to do إعتكاف and before he can do it he died he didn't do the إعتكاف the scholars they differed in this issue whether it's إستحباب قضاء وليه the person who falls under the guardianship of this person should they pay it back for them is it recommended for them to pay it back for them or not there's a discussion and there's two views you can't say it's obligatory the reason you can't say it's obligatory is because if you say that إعتكاف of that person becomes obligatory on me okay on the on the person then where would you take the إعتكاف a person is going to be punished for another person's obligation صح so here the discussion is that scholars differed is إستحباب the recommendation is it recommended there's two views the first view is لا يستحب لي وليه أن يقضيه عنه it's not recommended for what it's not recommended for the ولي to what to pay back for this person it's not recommended so what does he do he gives food in his in his regard this is مدهب الجمهور it's the view of the majority it's مدهب الجمهور الحنافية والماركية والشافعية the second view is يستحب لي وليه the wally is recommended to pay back that إعتكاف and this is the حنابلة وقول للشافعي and it's a view of an Imam شافعي I'm a statement of an Imam شافعي واختاره بن عثيمين رحمه الله he chose it and that seems to be the strongest and it's recommended for him we're now going to speak about the last and final point which is أفضلية الإعتكاف زمانا ومكانا ومسائل أخرى we're now going to go into the virtues of إعتكاف in terms of places timings and other issues related to that number one what is the best time to do إعتكاف the best time to do إعتكاف is that which is in رمضان and within رمضان what is highly recommended and highly chosen is في العشل منه the last 10 days وهذا بالتفاق المدهي بالفقية الأربعة the four madhabs this is what they agree upon point number two أفضل وأماكن الإعتكاف the best place to do إعتكاف is المسجد الحرامي then after that comes المسجد النبوي and then after that comes المسجد الأخصاء and then after that comes المساجد الجامع المساجد that have جمعا جمعا وهذا بالتفاق المدهي بالفقية الأربعة and the order that we mention in is the unanimous agreement of the four thick schools that are followed number three اشتغال المعتكف بالعبادات المختصة به things that the person who do إعتكاف busies himself with it is highly recommended for the معتكف to busy himself بالقراب والعبادات المختصة به that he busies himself with عبادات and things that are specific for him such as كتراءة القرآن these are unique for him exclusive to him such as reciting the Quran and dhikr and salah but makes sure that that salah is not في غير وقت النهي in the times which is not prohibited okay be careful that's the best thing for you إعتكاف is not good to indulge into other people and doing things no it's best to do actions which are specific to you that's what's recommended greatly point number four the ruling of silence in the whole of إعتكاف the person doesn't choose to talk that they think that's the best thing and they want to get closer to Allah by doing that then the فقهاء الحنفية and the حنابلة they mention that this is not right like إبلوتيميا he transmitted an إجماع that this is a prayer transmitted is about إجماع إبلوتيميا على بدعية ذلك that this is an innovation by consensus point number five حكم عقد النكاح للمعتكفي a person getting married while he's doing إعتكاف or he's doing نكاح for others while he's doing إعتكاف this issue whether he's marrying or whether he's marrying someone else off there's nothing wrong with it it's not a problem you can do that and there's a consensus in this issue الإمام الطحاوي وانيب العبدالبر أن ويو transmitted the إجماع that it's permissible whether he's getting married or whether he's marrying someone else off that is what I wanted to go through with all of you إن شاء الله regarding the إعتكاف anything which I have said that was wrong but incorrect is from me and Shaytan and Allah and his messenger are free from it سبحانك اللهم بحمدك أشهد ولا إله إلا الله أستغفروا باتولي