 Mitochondria are crucial for cell survival, metabolism and death, and their timely removal via autophagy is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis. The review discusses recent progress on the molecular mechanisms of mitochondrial fission slash fusion and motility in mitophagy, as well as multiple pathways leading to mitochondrial quality control under different conditions. This article was authored by Hongmin and I, Jessica A. Williams and Wenxing Ding.