 Μπορούμε να ξεκινήσουμε πρώτα με τη θεωρία για το τι θα κάνουμε. Θα δημιουργήσω το τέτοιο τέτοιο τέτοιο. Παρακολουθούμε να συμβεί και να σας προσπαθεί με την εξαιρεία του χένου, με την συμβουλία. Θα εξηγήσουμε το τέτοιο τέτοιο τέτοιο, με τα εξαιρεία του εξαιρεία. Μπορούμε να μην εξηγήσουμε πρώτα με την εξαιρεία του χένου, για να δειξουμε ποιοί με τα εξαιρεία του χένου, προσπαθεί με την εξαιρεία του χένου, και τις κοινόμιες συμβουλίες. Προσπαθείτε να μην εξαιρεήσουμε το τέτοιο τέτοιο. Είναι πολύ σημαντικό. Ας συμβουλίες σημαντικά, όταν αντιμετωπίζεις με σημαντικότητα και ευρωπαϊκότητα, γιατί οι άνθρωποι χρειαζόνουν πολλές φορές. Ναι, μόνο από 90% της χρόνια, αν θέλεις να το πεις, χρειαζόνεις την χρόνια σε ένα σύστημα κλωσμένος. Είμαι σημαντικός για το σύστημα μας, γιατί είναι σημαντικότητα από πολλές δεύτερες σύσσεις, δεύτερες που μπορούν να είναι σάρτες της εξνάδας ή γνώμη του εξνάδου, σε παράμοτες που μπορούν να εξοπηθείς. Και αυτά του εξνάδου, χρειαζόνες και χρειαζόνες εξάρτες και θα μαθήσεται από τα αυτούς γνώμη, που είναι έχουν εδώ, από τα σχέδια, που είναι σεφασίδισης δουλειών. Ναι, από την συμμενοδικήομάδο που σου κάνει, και η αρκετάσταση δημιουργούς που έχετε εξοπωσία με τον εξοπωλί. Με το ίδιο το εξοπωλί δεν είναι σχετικό, αλλά με την καταλαβαίνωση στις δωμόες με την κυρήση με το κοιμήργο. Έτσι, έχετε και την οικονομική δημιουργία με την οικονομική δωμό. και όχι μόνο αυτό, πολλές φορές, πολλές σύστητες, δεύτερα κοδίσσεις, δεύτερα αντιλασία σύστητες, ή όχι οι παίρνες, οι παίρνες βασικές που βρίσκονται. Αυτό έχει been designed and produced based on some European regulations. Υπάρχει κάποια ορισσότητα και δεύτερα κοδίσσεις που βρίσκονται στις παίρνες. Αν θέλεις να κάνεις ένας δεύτερο κοδίσσιο, δεύτερα κοδίσσεις, πρέπει να πεις αυτά τα πράγματα. Έτσι, πρέπει να πεις ένας δεύτερο κοδίσσιο, στο σχέδιο. Και πρέπει να βρεις όλες τα πράγματα για να δείξεις καρδιά, εξαιρία, μοναδικοδίσσεις, στις φορές, για να μπορείτε να πάμε για πολιτικούς, να μπορείτε να πάμε για κόμμα, να μπορείτε να πάμε για να μου πω και να πω ότι είμαι πολύ πραγματικός από το που έδιω, Είμαι very confident on the outcome of my results. I believe this is a high quality work for one, two, three, four, five reasons, and you should read it, and you should use it if you think that it is appropriate. So the better quality is your work, obviously you are leaving less chances to the receptor of that work to be skeptical and to be reserved whether he's gonna take action or not. So they have to respond to you. And the response that will provide you, you will be of course dependent on the quality of work you've done. So the more room for arguments that you leave to the stakeholder, it's not good. So you need to maximize somehow the quality of work that you can do that most of the times it's, as we know, limited by what, what is the most obvious limitation when you design this kind of studies, anybody? Yeah, money, money, it all comes down to money. So there is a very good correlation between the quality of the work that sometimes people do and money. But nevertheless, just because we don't have enough money, that doesn't mean that we cannot produce a cost effective study protocol and to maximize the investment even with the little money that you have in order to get a good benefit. Okay, so we keep that in mind. So let me give you the framework that will help you to set up the study protocol. Okay, before we go to the details of that, let me say a few introductory remarks about what we want to do and what's the aim of that case study. The aim of that case study is basically for you to think out of the box and think though within a framework like the one I'm sharing you in order to produce a study plan, a study protocol for a particular setting, indoor setting and for a particular hypothesis that's going to relate some exposures, let's say to an outcome. So you will decide that. You will split in three groups. One group will sit this side, two, three, and you will start putting the components of the skeleton of that study plan together based on some guidelines that I'm going to share with you in the next slides. Okay, so we will write down all these things in the computer, in the file. You will be able to back up the selection of your study plan over details. We're going to go the details of that later after that. And you will make a presentation, short presentation, okay, maximum let's say 10 slides. And then your team will come back here and will present the study protocol to the whole cohort. Okay, and we'll receive feedback and questions. So in the end, we're going to listen to three different case studies, basically from you. And you will get feedback from us, from your fellows, colleagues. So that's the objective of that. So I believe this will be a good hands-on training for you. So in order to do this, I'm going to give you some theoretical background for you to consider when you're building your case study. Let's start from the Exposum concept. I discussed a little bit the Exposum concept in my lecture a couple of days ago, or yesterday. Whenever that was that, I forgot. The Exposum, as we said, is the complete characterization of all the environmental exposures that a person has experienced from the time that he or she was in her mother's belly to the death. So if somebody can actually collect, capture and characterize all these exposures throughout one's lifetime, then you can confidently say that I have characterized my Exposum, for example, or Eric's Exposum. Obviously, this is not an easy task. But this is what people were saying when they started looking into the genome, when they were starting actually characterizing all the genes of and the DNA of the humans. Now we are in a perfectly good condition to characterize anyone's genome. It's still very expensive, but we are in a very good position to characterize that. Ideally, we would like to do that also for the Exposum. So this is a theoretical framework that we have devised. Actually, this will be published in Stoughton very soon, so this is something very new. That we are trying to extend the concept of that human Exposum that I described to you, which is right here. So the human Exposum is characterized by these subdivisions, the so-called general external human Exposum. So my individual general external Exposum that entails anything that is externally related to me. That can be some examples. Green space, healthcare facilities, the parks, the streets I'm living in, the climate manifestations. All these are influencing my own human Exposum from the general external component. So you need to characterize that. Then we go to the specific external human Exposum. So some example of that, exposures, chemical exposures, microbial exposures that I have. So that means that now I'm contacting, they're still external to me, but they're very close to me right now. And they are coming in contact with my body. So this is called specific external human Exposum. The lifestyle I'm doing, the occupation I do, all these things are externally to me, but they are influencing my health. Because they're exposing me to them. And then we have the internal Exposum, which is basically the metabolism, the microbiome that I have, and the dodgenous processes that take place inside my body. So if I characterize all these three different major components, I can say confidently that I have characterized my human Exposum. So this has been actually coined by Dr. Wild from IARC at Lyon maybe 12 years ago. So it's a relatively new concept. And we came and we tried to extend the continuum of the human Exposum to include the so-called urban Exposum. Because people not only live most of the time indoors, but also most of the people nowadays live in big cities, as we mentioned also before. So more and more people flock to live in big cities, in mega cities. Why? Because there are more opportunities there, more services, more jobs. It's a better growth for the economies there. So this is the trend of our times. This is particularly true for middle income and low income countries, right? So if one wants to provide better healthcare, better environment, better air, better health and climate for our citizens, many people say that maybe you should focus your settings should be the city, should be the urban environment. Because that's where most of the people are. And just because more and more people come into the existing territories of the city, that means that the city is really pressured to provide services for those incoming people. So the number of mega cities is increasing. The area of the cities because more people come in also increases. So you have to build new water pipes, you have to provide people with electricity. So you are thinking about all the scenarios, these are realistic scenarios. So when you are providing this, you are also depending how good you do that or bad or partially, you are creating some risks for the health of individuals. Or let me better say it, you are somehow dictating the quality of life that people have in different parts of the city. Because you cannot say the air of my city is good. Can you say that, can you just say the air of Trieste is overall good? Or somebody could think that maybe the air in the center of Trieste is worse than the area of the air at ICTP by the sea. For example, if you had that evidence. And you see the differentiation of exposures within big cities. We cannot say the water of Bologna is good. Different areas are going to have different quality of water. Because we have different age of the pipes. The same water comes in, right? But then the infrastructure is aging. And some places of the city, in the old city, the pipes are very old. So the quality of water there might be totally different than areas in good areas, let's say, or in suburbs that are new and they have new pipes. So the urban environment is not homogeneous, is not uniform. So we really need people, we need to start thinking about that. And already big agencies are thinking about that. So that's why we try to introduce the concept of the urban exposome. In analogy with the human exposome, we have devised also the general external urban exposome. In analogy with the general external human exposome. The specific external urban exposome and the internal urban exposome. But they are different than that of the human exposome in what sense. So the general external urban exposome is basically what? All the global trends, many of the global trends, whether that's a social trend or a cultural trend or a policy decision that affects my city and that comes either nationally or supranationally like the sustainable development goals that affects the quality of life in the cities. We know that. Trade agreements, land use issues. So these oftentimes they are dictated by big groups, WHO, European Food Safety Agency, FAO. So all these big groups, they are imposing regulations that are impacting the city. So then the city character, because now in the urban exposome the city is at the core of the definition of the exposome. So like I said before, for the internal exposome we described how the European regulations influence and impact the quality of the materials that you are sitting on. So now they ask to put, okay, you're going to put less formaldehyde. You're going to put less toxic materials in the paint. So these come from oftentimes above and much higher or much farther than the national limits that we have. So Europe is influencing a lot our life. Or international organizations have regulations and these regulations are imposed on everyday life. So you need to know what kind of regulations actually take place and influence your city. You need to find out and you need to see how these regulations actually impact your urban exposome. So that will characterize your cities, general external urban exposome. Then you go to the specific external. Here you talk about what is external to the city. So climate change manifestations, very important. Storms, heat waves, right? Micro heat islands in the city. Or the cultural norms that people have in that particular city. This will dictate the general external urban exposome and you have to account for that if you want to better characterize your city's quality of life. Then we go to the internal urban exposome that talks about infrastructure facilities. Okay, what kind of facilities your city have? How friendly is it to the citizen? What will also influence his or her health? Do you have sidewalks? Do you have parks? Do you have bicycle lanes for people to be physically active? Do you provide them access to the sea? Do you give them transportation that is friendly? These are the so-called internal because now these are part of the city. In this way you have characterized the urban exposome and this comes in analogy and you need to compliment this urban exposome with the human exposome. If you do that you can have a much better picture of how perhaps you can influence the quality of life in your citizens and how perhaps you can reduce some of the health risks that are anticipated. You go beyond the philosophy, okay? I'm going to look at PM2.5 and I'm going to connect it with all-cause mortality. You are looking at much more parameters that might influence the all-cause mortality. So these issues actually are done in different levels as you can see both in time, you can do this in time, right? You can either do it retrospectively meaning you can use some of the collected information in the past from different regulatory bodies. Let's say from the water authorities, from the air authorities. They have time data for sure and some of them have also good space data so they might give you information about different areas of your city or what is your setting. So this is also very important because space and time are extremely important parameters for you to characterize the exposures in your population and it's often very difficult but if you have a good catch of the special temporal variability in your system then you can really explain lots of the variability in many of the parameters you are after. So these are like an umbrella, right? So you can either have information on individuals so we talk about a very good resolution unit and the household, let's say. So I know the coordinates of the household. I know where it is. I can use GIS to actually map these individuals. I can map these households on a map and I can see especially then how the exposures for that individual or for that house so often they map. That can be really useful. Or the unit of resolution can be neighborhoods. Somehow the cities are divided in quarters into some smaller divisions, zip codes. Maybe you have information at that level. Typically you don't. In many cities you don't have this kind of information. Or it's very difficult to collect. You really need to go and dig into files by yourself or by your team from the municipality or for the authorities to actually merge the files and have a good picture of what's going on in your population of interest in a city. What is more common is maybe to have some kind of aggregate data at the city level. So we have some information about air pollution from a few monitoring stations, two, three monitoring stations around the city. And that usually goes for many years back. This is a more common resolution of information. So to wrap up, we have the component that we have to look into on the drivers that will influence the relation between the exposures that you are after with the outcome. And you have to consider the resolution that you are dealing with, the information, at both spatial and temporal resolution. So we need to define how far, especially geographically, am I going to cover in my study? How far in time should I go back or forward to study my population? These are very important parameters you have to think of, right? And you have to think of all those parameters in order to have a good system representation, a systems approach, how they call it. So if you work in a regulatory authority, if you work in a municipality, or if you work in a research institute, you need to really put down all this information in order to build a better study plan for whatever you want to answer, whatever the question is. So let me see, yeah. Let me go a little bit now more specific to the environment because I gave you the general framework of the overall human exposome and the overall urban exposome. But as we said, we're going to focus on indoor exposures. So let's see a little bit how does the indoor exposome look like. This is just a paradigm, or an example of the indoor exposome and what people should think about. So let's say you have studied, you want to study the setting in your own home. So you really have to think what are the major air, let's say, components that are now in my home. Because now we are living in complicated systems, right? Many times we don't know the materials. We don't know what many people don't know the materials that their own home is made of. They don't know what kind of ingredients, the surfaces, the air-conditioners or whatever appliances we have in our home. And therefore, if you don't know the composition of these materials, you don't really know what you're exposed to. The easiest thing would be to live in the ancient world where most people were living outside, basically, or in a cave. You had an ambient atmosphere, natural. You had very little risks that were coming from an indoor environment. You had other kinds of risks back then. Presently, what do you have? That's a conventional house, let's say, that somehow the red dots are, let's say, risky elements, risky exposures and the green ones are, let's say, non-risky or less risky components. So you need to consider exposures that come from the window, from the ventilation, the AC, from the appliances that you have and ideally you want to characterize all the air, all the water, all the surfaces that you have in your system, in your house or whatever indoor system in in order to know what are the risks to your health. You cannot just say, I'm going to study PM10 and see the asthma prevalence in a number of houses in the city of Trieste, as I'm going to follow them up for the next 10 years. You should really nowadays, because you have the knowledge, you should really start considering also other aspects of the exposo because these little details can help you to better characterize the exposures. You're going to reduce somehow the uncertainty and the variability in these exposures. So if you do that, if you have a much better estimate of exposures with little variance then this means automatically that you're going to have better estimates of your outcome. They're going to be more robust. They're going to be less unstable. You're going to introduce less bias in the characterization of your outcome. So the answer to your question will be stronger. So you have to think about all these components. What are the air threats, the air stressors? What are the inside the house, the water stressors? What are the surfaces that could either act as sources or as sinks? We have some examples here, as you can see. These examples of stressors can range from particles. These are disinfection by products. We are chlorinating. We mentioned also, we are cleaning the house, the surfaces, the floors. We use disinfectants. So these disinfectants emit some chemicals, disinfection by products. Or lead. Maybe lead is in some paints. Maybe it's in the wall. Some microbes. Maybe you have some mold on the walls. So how do you deal with this mold? Is that influencing your health? Does this mold emit some biotoxins? That could be really bad. Or you go and take a shower. If your water is stagnant, maybe you are at risk of contacting legionella. You have to check all these possible sources that might undermine your health. Or maybe you are exposed to trace metals from different surfaces or from water that you drink. Many questions, but you really have to answer these questions Okay. So, we go to the study protocol. These are some, not all, you can think of some others possibly and you should include them in your presentation of how you are going to make a presentation about what. You are going to select the setting. What will be your indoor setting? You are going to have three teams. So, you will choose each team is going to choose their own setting. Indoor. Okay. Then, you will have to characterize all the components of the human exposome and the indoor exposome that we discussed here. By what? By mentioning what is the population of interest. Kids, adults, people with compromise, maybe you study a hospital, right? Maybe you study a geriatric unit, the characteristics of the population. I'll leave it up to you. You can put any population you can think of, right? And then, you're going to formulate your hypothesis. What is the research question? What you're trying to answer? What are the objectives of this study, right? And then, you can start thinking about the components of the exposome. You're going to start thinking about horizontal, like climate change drivers. You're going to talk about, let's say, the stressor receptor model who described, and others also talked about this in the air pollution exposure by kids. He was talking about the stressor receptor model, meaning what is the stressor, the exposure, and the receptor, the human being. So, you have to define there all the sources in your system. What are the major sources? What are the major things that you might have also in your system? What is the outcome of interest? If you want, you can put an outcome. Maybe you don't want to put an outcome, you just want to characterize the exposures. That's fine for the teams also, right? The methods you will follow to measure the exposures. The same for the outcomes, and also very important, I want you to consider at least one control option. So, when you eventually say, okay, I'm going to study this and that with this way, this is a study plan, ideally you will also like to have an alternative. Always. When we highlight a problem, we always come up with the proposed solution. Otherwise, we are doing half the job. Okay. Any questions? Yes. Horizontal challenges. What is vertical challenges? What is the stressor receptor model? I'm a knowledge, I know, receptor modeling. What means stressor receptor modeling? What is the stressor receptor model? It's basically, consider it as stressor, is anything that stresses me, puts a burden on me, on my health, on my quality of life. So it can be any exposure. Let me put it simply this way. So you're going to look into exposure and outcome. So the receptor is a human being in that case. Okay. So you want to see how the stressors, different environmental exposures, indoor influence my health. So ideally you could have, you can draw ideally in your PowerPoint, make the indoor setting and put there the different sources that can help you to visualize better all the possibilities that you have for exposures. Right? Did I answer? I mentioned some about the horizontal drivers, is that what you're referring to? Yes. Horizontal drivers is basically any variable like the climate change manifestations that influences many different sectors. So it's horizontal. So it's affecting many different sectors. It can affect transport, energy, health, economy, social aspects. So climate change manifestations influences all these sectors. So climate change is basically a horizontal talent. It's a driver that influences many systems of our society. That's what it's meant. Any other questions about what we, did you understand what we have to do? I mean, okay, we, yes. We are here. We can answer our questions also closer. Can you repeat a little bit what you mean about control option? You mean a way to reduce the exposure or to have a control that we consider not exposed versus our case study. Control option would be, okay, you will identify, let's say, through your study. It's a simulation, right? So you should mention one, two, three exposure sources and related routes of exposure are causing me a serious harm, a serious risk. So how can I reduce that risk? In order to reduce the risk what do we have to reduce? Always. If you want to reduce the risk you are reducing exposures. Always the case. So I want to reduce the risk of a disease of actually developing type 2 diabetes. I have to look into the major risk factors of that disease and then try to reduce the magnitude of exposure to that risk factor, right? So we can propose some engineering solutions, right? Maybe you can propose some educational campaigns that can influence the behavior of the people that live in the house to reduce their exposures. Maybe people are cooking inside the house with solid fuels of really bad quality and they are meeting particles and other components that are really bad for the health. Yes. We know that in the active exposure if we eliminate the exposure the risk exists but in the pollution impact if we eliminate, you have said that if we eliminate the exposure we eliminate the risk. It is true. Yes. If you reduce the exposures we are reducing the risk. There is not a stochastic risk in this case. Ok. Probabilistic risk. Yes. You have let's say for example probability of 1,000 to actually develop cancer due to exposure to arsenic. Ok. So that's a probabilistic risk statement. So there are based on those response you know that for each increase let's say in one unit of exposure to arsenic I'm having also an increase in risk 10%. Something similar to the exercise we did yesterday so you know the relationship between exposure the dose and the response. So then if you want to lower the response, the risk you are playing with exposure so you are reducing the exposure you are going to reduce also the risk of the disease. He is giving the microphone yes. Then the lady I can hear you. Please. I hope to know how can I decide that the result of risk is due to indoor exposure not outdoor. You have to study both somehow and compare. How? When you talk about indoor indoor also communicates with the windows with the doors right? I'm sorry for some sample of pollution for any person this one person exposed to indoor pollution also to outdoor pollution How can you determine the disease or mortality is due to exact indoor not outdoor. You can analyze some chemicals let's say or some stressors that are appearing both indoor and outdoor meaning the sources can be also both ways. Ok. So let's say this is very true for some secondary aerosols and ozone Recently there was a very new recent paper in science I believe that showed that many of emissions air emissions that we were considering mostly to come from vehicles from transport we see that they may be also coming to an equal contribution from materials we use inside the home like cleaning products, like personal care products sprays etc So this is really breaking news because so far we are trying to reduce somehow the emissions from transport from the transport sector from vehicles etc and now we see that most of the greenhouse gas levels in the atmosphere come also from indoor exposures due to the systematic use of cleaning products of sprays of personal care products So that means we have to study both systems somehow you are going to focus So let's say on ozone measure ozone inside the house and measure also ozone outside The lady from Indonesia want to ask a question I have two questions and you said that we should consider all the parameters inside the house as indoor pollution as indoor pollution assessment Do you also consider the radioactive exposure like radon because some material in some house exposure the radon Very good question The second one is about occupational exposure Most of people working in certain job realize that their job has a risk for certain exposure then what do you think about that Thank you Okay Both of them very good questions So it looks like that we are in a good track Regarding the first question which was about radon So as you saw yesterday the presentation where they were actually conducting this source apportionment to see which of the major air pollutants contribute more to mortality or morbidity you saw that radon had a really high percent contribution to mortality morbidity burden of disease Why? Because radon comes from where? From rocks, right? It's a natural radioactive material that is present naturally So that's why many basements house basements that's another indoor environment of interest People like to build basements but this basement if it's in contact with rocks that emit radon and this basement is not well ventilated or aerated then people that are present in that basement depending on the time and the duration and the magnitude of the exposure are going to be at risk of developing let's say lung cancer because radon is a known carcinogen particularly for lung cancer So that's another indoor environment that you really need to think of and the second is occupational exposures that's another interesting very interesting environment factory, you are a worker but it depends what kind of activities what's your job type I'm working in a factory but I'm basically an accountant so I'm not really involved with factory emissions but if I'm a worker then I'm having occupational exposure oftentimes higher than ambient or household exposures and that's why most of these exposure assessment protocols they started in industrial hygiene they started in factories where employers wanted to learn more why the workers were getting sick and the employers were losing money in that sense because they had to pay for the workers cost, healthcare costs they were losing days from work which translates into loss of money for the employers for the boss so companies that have a vision big companies, they think about these issues now so the monitor many times the exposures occupational exposures of the workers so if I'm doing let's say a particular type of work that is exposing me let's say to chromium to high concentration of chromium maybe I can rotate this worker so I have him for a month and then I move him to another job type and then he does something that will reduce his exposure to chromium in order overall during a year you have an overall cumulative exposure that is below the safety limit so you have to think also yes about these issues I have a question also related to Raden if we have reference that the country is not really or we don't have existing Raden in the soil or in the country do we have to measure for it do we have to measure it in the protocol let's say we are conducting a study on indoor environment and we are evaluating the health effects do we have to measure Raden if we have reference that say that the country is not we do not have Raden that say or we have trace of Raden you should yes try to be as inclusive as possible regarding and transparent regarding the tools you use, the information you use from where did you collect it how applicable can you do that portability so that Francesco was mentioning before where we are conducting the study let's say we have reference that there is no Raden in general in the country so we have to measure it yes sure sure even those negative nowadays you know even if you get negative results from a study this is also very important because it can really tell you ok there is no risk if the negative results were implying no risk and this is also very important and you need to publish so now many journals are also considering publishing even negative results in the sense that you really did not reject the initial hypothesis that you had you were not able to reject the null hypothesis but this is fine yeah any other ok so we should split how many we are 2 4 7, 8, 10, 12 17, 19, 21, 22 23 24 so 8 people so 8 people this row 8 people that row and 8 people that row come on guys let's do it but we have enough time let's start first by 20 let's say half an hour maximum in order to design to think about it and make a few slides because then you have to present it also so 10 minutes presentation so maximum 10 slides 5 minutes so we have 5 minutes left before the presentations ok and the best will win a grant for conducting the study guys we should finish in 5, 10 minutes maximum the presentations scale it on ideally should follow this pattern ok so have one slide intro one slide hypothesis and objective 3 slides approximately methods 4 slides results one slide comments ok maximum so it looks like that we are wrapping up we have already one group that finished I am going to invite them to come to the podium to make the presentation we also have other 2 groups almost done and we are waiting on the 4th group initially we had 3 groups but we had some kind of a cell division so we ended up with 4 groups there was a lot of debate I guess so that's good debate is always good yes so group 1 please here here here behind behind the podium who will start 2 slides and who is another presented first I am this is the name of the group but we don't need to we just need to no I think we should say common common I think everyone he say this name maybe better yes yes it is there we call it group maybe this is another one no I think it's what ok so copy for him already I think no this is another one not same the others are not really so we could have continued I think that he also wanted us to kick start it so that it would be some person time is time is after I have I already called now we will give another copy there are 2 files to get me ok and the 4th one you are presenting first 2 right this is the third one third one ok and the 4th one because the 2nd and 4th are 3rd and 4th how many slides do we have 3rd and 10th which one is HANA HANA the first group HANA let me check I will present this is all of the oh just 2 or 2 and 3 ok but you see this is just one line one line one line maybe I will give the introduction call me to this and then this is just one line maybe you can ok before I put this you can this is one line one line and then this is no this is case study ok and alpha control ok how many minutes do we have for presentation 5 5 minutes ok ok ok Konstantinos was here ok or the restore group ok which one I open HANA let it be so for me no but you can say 5 2 ways I want to write something ok but you can ok ok ok ok ok ok ok ok ok ok ok ok Είμαστε στους πιο σύνομους από τηνωνική πόλυση, όπως βρείμε περισσότερες χρόνια της οικονομικής πόλυσης, πρέπει να κραστούμε το καθόλυτο για το κόσμο της οικονομικής πόλυσης. Η Συντάσταση μας είναι κυρνόπρος με δύο κεφάλαια και κοίτας. Στο πόλεμα η οικονομικής εμπανιλία, πάντα πάντα, καθόλυτες και ένα πόλεμα και δύνας πράγματα. Η υπόστημα οικογένωση δεν παράδειξει με το καμκίνημα, καθόλου και έχουμε ο διάρκης στάσης' Αυτόλης μας παίρνει ένα πρόβλημα που μιλάει για τα συρνήματος. Ο συρνήματος στην εφαλή σήμερα από ονομάδωσης,ulturόνους πρόσπατος και πίερες που θα υπάρχουν στο υποκλείποα. Π Protest, όπου λέμε ότι η αφορά θεωρή, ή η αφορά θεωρή, έχει πιο πόλυτο σωστά στις αυτονεις. και θέλουμε να δοκιμάσουμε να δοκιμάσουμε να δοκιμάσουμε να δοκιμάσουμε αν αυτή η υποθέσεις είναι δραστά ή δεν. Και ο στιγμός θα είναι να αυτοκρατήσουμε και να δοκιμάσουμε την αντιμετωπική πλησία. Εδώ έχουμε δημιουργεί τις νέες και τις τεχνικές πλησίες. Μπορούμε να έχουμε οδηγούργη, καρμόνι, σαλφαδιοκσίδι, νιτωγενδιοκσίδι, ρεδον, πυβοσί, πυβοσί, πυβοσί και πολλοί πλησίες, και οι πλησίες πλησίες της πλησίας. Και έχουμε δημιουργεί τις ρεδον και άλλες τεχνικές πλησίες. Είναι από την ευρωπαϊκή οδηγή, όπως να δούμε. Μπορεί θα δείξουμε ότι η σύγχωση της ρεδον είναι αυτήν την αυτοκρατία. Παρακολουργούμε από το Με΄ΤΑΡΓΑΚΕΟΥΩΤΙΣ, το Με΄ΤΑΡΑΙΜ1, ο ίΥΥΥΥΥΥΥΥΥΥΥΥΥΥΥΥΥΥΥΥΥΥΥΥΥΥΥΥΥΥΥΥΥΥΥ. Εμείς έχουμε οργανικές κομποντές στο σχέδιο μας, σε όλες οι οποίες μπορούν να έρθουν από τα πέντες. Είχουμε πολλές αλλαγέντες στο σχέδιο μας. Αυτό also δημιουργείται οι αλλαγέντες οργανικές. Αυτό είναι και οι πολιτιέντες. Φυσικά, έχουμε μικρο- και μικρο-οργανισμούς. Αυτό είναι από πολλές αλλαγέντες στο σχέδιο μας, στις όμως όλες οι αλλαγέντες. Ακούς παιδιές, όλες τις παιδίες, είχα ευκαιρία για αλλαγέντες μικρο- και μικρο-οργανισμούς. Φυσικά, όλα αυτά τα πράγματα, όλα τα πράγματα είναι οι πλέον τροπές. Πώς να κυκλοκύψουν αυτά. We should remove them. We have also to improve cooking systems in the house from fossil fuel to induction and also known as others chemicals from room and furniture pants, he said about pants. And also what you can do is to use an alternative chemicals for fire resistance items. And we can also clean and replace the pipe water and have why not proper ventilation. So we said we have a stressor and we have a receptor. So what is the receptor? What is the receptor? The receptor is me, is you, is the family member. So it means that the disease are wanna occur. So which type, which kind of diseases? First respiratory diseases, like asthma, like all other respiratory diseases. We can also have heart disease, cardiovascular disease. And also if it's a long term, we can have lung cancer. We can have, I mean a retarded group. We can have also a premature birth with, as we saw yesterday, a low weight. And also we can have other diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's. And of course in the indoor, we can have skin contact. So we can have also eczema. And as we saw today, when those people are sick, they wanna go to the hospital. It's a matter of losing money. So thank you very much. It's what we wanted to show you within five minutes. Thank you. Excellent. In five minutes I mean, congratulations. Just maybe few suggestions in terminology. When you say control, please maybe use prevention. Because it's a little bit more technical. And also when you, these ideas, because now they are just all, they can be improved in a formal protocol. So for example, for outcomes, it's better to divide short acute and chronic. Not a mixture, otherwise it will be. And also it's a good idea to include in the protocol outcomes that you are sure you can measure. And the same with exposure. When you talk about the excellent review of all the pollutants from where they are from and the prevention measure, but how can we measure the level of indoor pollution. So, and you can find in the literature review everything you need. And it's good also to have a look at the family members of sports because you are indoor, but maybe at the most susceptible one. Children and older. Because also especially the people, older people, they spent more time indoor that the other. And very good for the proper ventilation because sometimes if you use water to clean and you open the window, you can do a dramatic improvement in the public health on the region. But thank you so much, excellent, really. Hello, very good work indeed because we gave you so little time to work on it, less than half an hour and you prepare something very nice because you try to capture, let's say the skeleton of the approach ideally you like to work on. And this is something like a tech home thing, something to build up on it. You can go back to your country and you can start building up on it. You have like a first draft, you can make it more detailed, you can add more information, right? And you came up, you presented nicely, you had a nice posture, enthusiasm, you described the elements of the presentation, intro, objectives, methods, results. Very important also to be able to communicate your results to the audience in a proper way. So, thank you, thank you again, very nice. To finish the session because we will have this round table but we want the other groups to present. We can do it tomorrow morning if you started to create your slides, your PPT. Okay, so homework for you. We can found rooms tomorrow morning for each of the other groups to present. The same way, more or less. It's okay for you guys, okay? Thank you. I think we are going to stop so it will be shown tomorrow morning. Okay. So we can see it's break. We will continue working on it. Up to you. So you can take it back. Okay, one second. So guys, let's break for 10 minutes or so and the next presentations will take place tomorrow so that we don't deviate from the program. Okay. Let's take a break. You have some more time to work on your presentation and you will do those presentations tomorrow morning.