 This is the topic for this session and this session basically deals with the discussion of main factors that contribute either in initiating or ending social movements. A good number of analysis revealed the fact that there is no clear start or end of social movements. However, it is believed that there will be a starting point and then an ending point, but if we look at it academically, then there is no specific point or time when social movements start or end of social movements are declared. But various factors that are normally associated with the start, peak and culmination of a social movement are highlighted as composing a life cycle of a social movement. Social movements, emergence and mobilizing factors. Factors contributing to the beginning and then mobilizing of a social movement are like strain, conflict and breakdown. And then political opportunity structures, now what is the meaning of strain or conflict and breakdown? How can social movements relate to this? There is a lot of pressure in the society that due to a particular issue, there is a lot of pressure in the society. Then collective actions, they frame. Now you do strain, strain is a breakdown of social order in a society and it initiates a social movement, conflicts. It refers to the power of creating influence over historic, historicism, creating historical experiences through cultural patterns. Now it is generally said that even on a historical point of view, it is seen that there is a history or history from a specific issue. Now when a specific situation was born, some facts were found from the back. There were some incidents on a historical point of view. Then the social movements start from all those mixtures. Especially those social movements that are based on a particular ideology or develop in urban centers. They do not develop in one day. There are a lot of groups behind them. There are some ideologies. There are some incidents where people create unrest as a result of which they do not see any solution to that unrest. So they see that they ultimately either have to combine these structures with the politicians who can join them in the struggle. Then at such a stage, the groups together mobilize their struggle. Sometimes they mobilize resources. Sometimes there is a wave in the entire society. And then there are different organizations that are together with these people. The two sides of the struggle are gathered together. Sometimes the movements that are carried out are in them. New social movements. And the old issues that are present with history, which people have been aware of, that they are already present. So far, there is no solution to this. So now we have to focus more on this. The collective action frames. Now we have to go towards that. So that we can be more active and mobilize the social people. And then these social mobilization outcomes. The outcome of these movements comes at a time when these movements go towards the decline. There are a lot of reasons. Sometimes people see that there has been a policy on the state level in which there has been a solution. Or people have seen that despite their entire efforts, there is no outcome. The results of their struggle, which they were able to combine, people lose their courage. Sometimes they get delayed. Sometimes they get confused. There is such a stress that rises from the middle which diverges their attention. So many times the movements are successful. The state tackles them. But sometimes these movements are not so successful. And then as a result, more depression comes in people. And then instead of peaceful movements, sometimes in anomic activities, or their behavior becomes so revolutionary that instead of social movements, they go towards revolutions.