 The tiger being the national animal is pride for the society and historically intricately enthralled in India's art, culture and literature. In developing India, the tigers were struggling to survive due to habitat loss, poaching encroachments and declining prey bays. To ensure their survival, the government of India took a pioneering initiative for conserving the national animal and launched the Project Tiger in 1973. Owing to the conservation efforts, the tiger population recovered. The National Tiger Conservation Authority NTCA came into existence. The NTCA, with Wildlife Institute of India, emphasized upon use of robust scientific technologies. The Prime Minister's long association with wildlife conservation led the foundation for widening the scope for protection of big cats across the country. World's first wild tiger reintroduction in Sariska and followed in Panna Tiger Reserve resulted in successful re-establishment of tiger populations. In 2010 at International Tiger Forum in St. Petersburg, Russia, all 13 tiger countries pledged to conserve the tiger and double their number by 2022. It was decided in St. Petersburg that the target of doubling the tiger population would be 2022. Being India completed this target four years early. India took the lead. Corridors were restored, green infrastructure were built, villages from the tiger reserves were successfully rehabilitated, and mitigation measures were taken to secure landscape-level connectivity. The Prime Minister's close concern for the welfare of the tigers and the environment added new energy into the tiger project. Organized every four years, all India tiger estimation entered into the Guinea's World Record in 2019 as largest camera trap-based wild animal monitoring exercise in the world. Safe and healthy tiger habitats bring economic development and provide livelihoods, bringing in a new dawn of inclusive growth and sustainability. Besides capturing carbon, maintaining soil and air health quality, more than 350 big and small rivers flow out of these reserves. The indirect benefits from each tiger reserve are more than 13,000 crores annually. With more than 3,000 tigers in 53 tiger reserves, India harbors more than 70 percent global tiger population in about 75,000 square kilometers area. The success of Project Tiger is a testament to the dedication of the Union and state governments and all the stakeholders working together for most successful wildlife conservation project in the world.